****COMPUTER-SUBJECT***** ****GENERATION-OF-COMPUTER**** 1. First Gen:- (1942-1955):- Here We Use “VACCUME-TUBE” 2. Second Gen:- (1955-1964):- Here We Use “TRANSISTEOR” 3. Third Gen:- (1964-1975):- Here We Use “INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS” 4. Forth Gen:- (1975 onwords):- Here We Use “MICROPROCESSOR” 5. Fifth Gen:- (Yet to come):- Artificial Intelligence *****HARDWARE / SOFTWARE**** Hardware:- The physical component of a computer system such as electrical, megentic & mechanical devices constitute Hardware. Those component which can be touch & seen. Software:- The terms software refer to the set of computer program, procedure, & associated documents, that describe the program & how they are to be used. Types of software:- A. System Software:- E.g.:- O.S, Assembler, Compiler, Interpreter B. Application Software:- E.g:- Image processor:- world processing Database:- Spreadsheet Games:- Communication Software *****OPERATING-SYSTEM****** Operating System:- is a program or software that control the computer hardware Or Operating system provide the interface between user & computer hardware. Function of Operating System:- a. Resource management b. Job management c. Task management d. Data management e. Input / output management f. Security of data ******PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE******** Types of Programming Language:- 1.) LOW-LEVEL:- a. Machine-Language b. Assemble Language 2.) HIGH-LEVEL:- a. Problem oriented b. Procedural:- I . Scripting II. Object-Oriented III. Structured Language C c. Non Procedural ******LANGUAGE-TRANSLATOR****** 1.) ASSEMBLER:- are used to convert the low level language into machine language. 2.) COMPILER:- are used to convert the High level language into machine language. This check for error in the entire program & convert all the program into machine code 3.) INTERPRETER:- are used to convert High level language into machine language. & Interpretor check from error statement for one by one & convert the statement into machine code. *******COMPUTER-MEMORY******** Types of Memory:- 1.) Main-memroy / Semi Conductor / PrimaryMemory:- A. RAM (Volatie):- The content of this memory will erased when we switch off power supply. In this memory we currently working a. Static b. Dynamic B. ROM (Non-volatile):-The content of this memory will not erased. Even when computer is switch of. a. PROM b. EPROM c. EEPROM 2.) Secondary Memory:- a. Hard disk b. Floppy disk c. Magnetic disk ******PRINTER****** Types of Printer:- 1.) IMPACT-PRINTER:- (Drum, Chain, Dot matrix, Daisy wheel) 2.) NON-IMPACT-PRINTER:- (Laser, Ink-jet, Thermal) ***ABBREVIATION-TERMS-RELATED-TO-COMPUTER-BASIC*** C.P.U:- Central Processing Unit C.M.O.S:- Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor P.C.I:- Peripherals Component Interface B.I.O.S:- Basic Input Output System Mhz:- Mega Hetz or Ghz:- Giga Hetz DIMM:- Dual In Memory Modules D.D.R:- Doble Data Rate U.S.B:- Universal Data Bus F.D.D:- Floppy Disk Drive SATA:- Serial Advance Technology Attachment H.D.D:- Hard Disk Drive P.O.S.T:- Power On Self Test P.G.N:- Pin Grid Array E.P.P:- Enhanced Parallel Port E.C.P:- Extended Capabilities’ Port F.S.B:- Front Side Bus L.C.D:- Liquid Crystal Display T.F.T:- Thin Film Transistor S.C.S.I :- Small Computer System Interface P.S.U:- Power Supply Unit R.P.M:- Rotation Per Minutes ***ABBREVIATION-TERMS-(COMPUTER-NETWORK)*** LAN:- Local Area Network WAN:- Wide Area Network MAN:- Metropolis Area Network IPS:- Internet Service Provider SMTP:- Simple Mail Transfer Protocol FTP:- File Transfer Protocol OSI :- Open System Interconnection HTTP:- Hyper Text Transfer Protocol URL:- Universal Resource Locator MODEM:- Modulation & Demodulation IP;- Internet Protocol DNS:- Domain Name Service TCP / IP :- Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol VSAT:- Very Small Aperture Terminal ISDN:- Integrated services digital network WWW:- World Wide Web NIC:- Network Interface Card Thanks & Regards
Posted on: Wed, 03 Jul 2013 06:26:50 +0000
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