China, the second century: In 101, Ban Chao organizes the Chinese territories of Tarim, then retires; before his death in 102; the balance he has maintained by force in Central Asia between the Xiongnu, the Parthians and the nascent Empire Kusana extends to the Yellow Turban Rebellion - Shandong farmers. Parthians and Kusana exchange during this period with Luoyang - capital of the Eastern Han - many embassies. But in fact, while Ban Chao waged war, trade flows were established by sea to the Silk Road, and most of the imported silk in the Mediterranean countries is embedded in the ports of North western India. They also travel with cinnamon, pepper, perfumes, dyes and medical products. Then, in 107, An-ti became Emperor and Empress Dowager leaves govern. A Japanese prince sent him a gift of 160 slaves. In 123, the barbarian Xiongnu confederation collapsed under pressure from their neighbors, the Xianbei. Previously, it has forced the other tribes of Mongolia into exile to the West, and the Chinese to strengthen their northern defenses. Then, it was divided into two: Northern Xiongnu were then driven, in turn, to the west, and crushed by the Han, while the group South allegiance. Yet in these same regions, the power of Xianbei is booming: the Han ally with them against the Xiongnu. And fall of these causes assimilation; culture does not disappear. Moreover, in 125, the Chinese general Ban Yong - the son of Ban Chao - repels Kusana India, trying to conquer the Tarim. But from 134, the dominance of one on the country weakens: the territory turns into a soft suzerainty. In 147, the Empress Dowager, a member of the family of Liang, pushing the child on the throne Huang-di. The power of Liang, led by Marshal brother of the Empress, was at its zenith. As the new Emperor of Liang eliminates the clan is based on the eunuchs. At the same time, he learns that a Taoist movement, dissident and the Yellow Turbans starts talking to him. He discovers that no one knows where it came from and by whom it is directed. It is informed that its members prophesy Renewal Cycles for the year 184; But in 169, he died at the age of 36 without having been able to overcome. And it was his successor, Liang-Ti, which continues its repressive policies against them. In 184, in Shandong, including 300,000 men wearing yellow turban is now officially the rallying cry, take up arms against the Han. In addition, scholars are organized with the tacit support of a population exasperated by the exactions. Economic and social situation is dire, especially in rural areas. Peasant societies, messianic character emerge. And agitation is becoming increasingly violent. The sect of the Yellow Turbans basis since its doctrine on a fundamental text of Taoism promising a new realm of harmony, justice and peace. It is well implanted in eastern China. But sent his chief, Zhang Jue in the capital were massacred on the orders of an imperial power disturbed by the arrival of this new force. This is the signal for revolt. Good religious leader Zhang Jue military finds poor. The generals who must quell the revolt still foresee the end of the Han, and the temptation to carve a kingdom is strong. Zhang Jue is killed in battle. Nanyang region, where rebels took refuge survivors is pacified by Sun Jian. While the bloody crackdown marked the end of the Han Dynasty. In 189 called by a faction of the Imperial Court, General Chung-Cho ended the domination of the eunuchs and takes power. Shortly after, Emperor Ling Ti dies, and Xian-Di ascended the throne. While in 192, Chung-Cho left his soldiers to burn the capital, but was assassinated soon after. 192 Also, the Chinese Han Empire creates a portion of the eastern coast of the prefecture as Hsiang-lin. But it is frequently invaded by barbarians - indigenous - the Chinese decide to evacuate. A native official, Chu-link, the opportunity to have himself proclaimed king and declare the independence of the new kingdom of Lin-Yi. A little later, however, the territory was gradually absorbed by princes Chams Region Quang Nam. South America, the second century: Maya civilization of Teotihuacan reached its peak in the second century AD It was at this time that the city - with the pyramids of the Sun and the Moon - became the largest ceremonial center of the Mesoamerican region. It is dotted with temples, a wide avenue; all buildings on the site have geographic locations that connect to the cosmic order and, in particular, in the sun. Indeed, they are arranged in the center of the Pyramid of the Sun, coinciding himself with the position of the sun at the summer solstice. The Pyramid of the Sun has four floors. A temple, whose access is restricted to the high priest, the crown top, served by a wide staircase preceded by a body stepped forward. As for the Pyramid of the Moon, there is a vast fortress with large platforms dedicated to the gods of rain and vegetation. It is adorned with beautiful sculptures which masks teeth alternate with plumed serpents. The vast proportions of the two buildings with strange geometric shapes, give their architecture as well as the entire city of Teotihuacan, an imposing and austere. Teotihuacan is the theocratic metropolis of agricultural and peaceful civilization, whose religion honors long the forces of nature: water, earth, vegetation. This civilization is attentive to the movements of the stars, a company pulling valuable resources for agriculture pins. Everywhere on the site exist signs corresponding to numbers marking the astral time and chronological calculations. For Teotihuacan is also a center dedicated to the completion of a cycle of rituals related to the timing of harvests. Although gradually guards and craftsmen settled in their surroundings with their homes. Several palaces were erected not far from the same two pyramids; and they are also constructed on decks. At that time, many Maya sculpt death masks they file with the dead in funeral shelters them. Also accompany the ultimate sleep terracotta figurines depicting characters from the pantheon. They wear jewelry and elaborate headdresses. Geometric figures that decorate early, transform throughout this century. Then appear in their place of butterflies, birds, shells, priests or gods.
Posted on: Mon, 03 Nov 2014 09:24:30 +0000
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