12 July is the 193rd day of the year (194th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. On this day in the year: 927 – Æthelstan, King of England, secures a pledge from Constantine II of Scotland that the latter will not ally with Viking kings, beginning the process of unifying Great Britain. This is considered the closest thing that England has to a foundation date. 1470 – The Ottomans capture Euboea. 1493 – Hartmann Schedels Nuremberg Chronicle, one of the best-documented early printed books, is published. 1543 – King Henry VIII of England marries his sixth and last wife, Catherine Parr, at Hampton Court Palace. 1561 – Saint Basils Cathedral in Moscow is consecrated. 1562 – Fray Diego de Landa, acting Bishop of Yucatán, burns the sacred books of the Maya. 1580 – The Ostrog Bible, one of the early printed Bibles in a Slavic language, is published. 1690 – Battle of the Boyne (Gregorian calendar) – The armies of William III defeat those of the former James II. 1691 – Battle of Aughrim (Julian calendar) – The decisive victory of William III of Englands forces in Ireland. 1776 – Captain James Cook begins his third voyage. 1789 – French revolutionary and radical journalist Camille Desmoulins gave a speech in response to the dismissal of Jacques Necker Frances finance minister the day before. The speech calls the citizens to arms and leads to the Storming of the Bastille two days later. 1790 – The Civil Constitution of the Clergy is passed in France by the National Constituent Assembly. 1799 – Ranjit Singh conquers Lahore and becomes Maharaja of The Punjab (Sikh Empire) . 1804 – Former United States Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton dies a day after being shot in a duel. 1806 – Sixteen German imperial states leave the Holy Roman Empire and form the Confederation of the Rhine. 1812 – War of 1812: the United States invades Canada at Windsor, Ontario. 1862 – The Medal of Honor is authorized by the United States Congress. 1917 – The Bisbee Deportation occurs as vigilantes kidnap and deport nearly 1,300 striking miners and others from Bisbee, Arizona. 1918 – The Imperial Japanese Navy battleship Kawachi blows up at Shunan, western Honshu, Japan, killing at least 621. 1920 – The Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty is signed. Soviet Russia recognizes independent Lithuania. 1943 – World War II: Battle of Prokhorovka – German and Soviet forces engage in one of the largest tank engagements of all time. 1948 – Arab–Israeli War: Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion orders the explusion of Palestinians from the towns of Lod and Ramla. 1960 – Orlyonok, the main Young Pioneer camp of the Russian SFSR, is founded. 1962 – The Rolling Stones perform their first concert, at the Marquee Club in London, England, United Kingdom. 1963 – 16-year-old Pauline Reade disappears on her way to a dance at the British Railways Club in Gorton, England, the first victim in the Moors murders. 1967 – The Newark riots began in Newark, New Jersey. 1970 – A fire consumes the wooden home of Norwegian composer Geirr Tveitt and irretrievably destroys about 90 percent of his output. 1971 – The Australian Aboriginal Flag is flown for the first time. 1973 – A fire destroys the entire 6th floor of the National Personnel Records Center of the United States. 1975 – São Tomé and Príncipe declare independence from Portugal. 1979 – The island nation of Kiribati becomes independent from United Kingdom. 2007 – U.S. Army Apache helicopters perform airstrikes in Baghdad, Iraq; footage from the cockpit is later leaked to the Internet. 2012 – A tank truck explosion kills more than 100 people in Okobie, Nigeria.
Posted on: Sun, 13 Jul 2014 22:40:21 +0000
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