A Leg Like an Elephant! Sometimes, inexplicably, a horse develops a condition that results in a hugely swollen leg, usually in a hind limb. Typically it occurs over just a few hours, and causes severe lameness, heat and sensitivity. The swelling can start anywhere on the limb, even up in the groin, but extends rapidly to involve the entire leg. This condition, called cellulitis, is thought to be caused by bacteria that enter damaged skin through abrasions, fly bites, or other wounds. Sensitivity to the lightest touch is present, accompanied by fever. Sticky serum may ooze from the stretched skin. The horse will typically be in distress due to the pain. The condition must be diagnosed by a veterinarian because similar swelling and lameness can be caused by rupture of ligaments or large bone fracture. Treatment of cellulitis or lymphangitis includes antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications, and wrapping the affected limb to limit swelling. Alternating cold and warm hosing, and massage are often recommended. The most important treatment of all is walking the horse to increase circulation. Although the first few steps may be hopping on three legs, then he will start to touch his toe, then after another 20 steps he may start to touch his heel down. By the end of the first 1/4 mile, he may be walking sound. Walking 2-4 miles a day in several sessions (15 minutes is 1/2 mile) is the most effective way to decrease the pain and size of the leg. Recovery from cellulitis takes 7-14 days, but improvement is often seen soon after treatment is initiated. Treatment may continue for another 30 days or more. Lymphatic vessels are elastic,but if they are severely infected, they often stretch out beyond their capacity to return to their normal size. Horses with severe cellulitis that spreads to become lymphangitis may have a larger limb forever. The leg is quite susceptible to a recurrence of the condition. It is important for these horses to have ongoing scrupulous grooming and care of these limbs after they heal.
Posted on: Tue, 01 Jul 2014 20:00:00 +0000
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