AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM - RESERVOIR ECOSYSTEM >> Q1. What is a reservoir?Ans. Reservoir are man made lakes formed by building dams or impoundments across a river.Q2. Name 5 uses of reservoirs.Ans. Reservoirs are used for irrigation, generation of electricity (hydel power), Meet domestic water supply, flood control, fisheries.Q3. What is the cheapest sources of Electricity?Ans. Hydel Power.Q4. How much of land areas is irrigated by major and minor reservoir projects in India?Ans. 70 mega hectares.Q5. How do reservoirs help in flood control?Ans. Canals with sluice gates where in excess water is made to flow off helps in flood control.Q6. What is the installed capacity for generating hydroelectric power in our country?Ans. Over 41 million KWH.Q7. What is the full form of KWH?Ans. KWH is kilo watt hour. It is the unit of measurement of power generation.Q8. How does a reservoir change an ecosystem?Ans. A reservoir changes the ecosystem from a running water one (lotic) to a standing water system (lentic).Q9. What is the ecological transformation after building impoundments over rivers?Ans. Transformation from riverine to lacustrine ( or lake) ecology. Q10. What is ecology?Ans. Study of interaction between an organism and its environment.Q11. What is the functional unit of ecology?Ans. Ecosystem is functional unit of ecology.Q12. Name two major reservoir projects of India.Ans. a) Bhakra Nangal Project on river sutlej in Punjab and Himachal Pradeshb) Hirakud on river Mahanadi in Orissa.Q13. How does the life of a reservoir begin?Ans. Life of a reservoir in a reservoir project begins with initial filling.Q14. What is initial filling?Ans. Rise in reservoir level due to greater accumulation of storage water depending upon river flow and draw down releases.Q15. What are the trophic phases of a reservoir?Ans. Trophic phases are:-a) Initial Fertility.b). Trophic Depressionc). Final FertilityQ16. How is initial fertility of reservoir water achieved?Ans. By putrefication of submerged vegetation.Q17. How is fishery influenced by initial filling?Ans. Initial filling causes a surge in benthic micro and macroflora, fauna and planktons, increasing fish food reserve and growth of fisheries.Q18. Which stage of a reservoir is most profitable for fishery?Ans. Initial filling.Q19. What is meant by benthic micro and macro flora and fauna ? Ans. Flora and fauna found at the bottom of a reservoir. Q.20 What happens during tropic depression.Ans. There is gradual decrease in rate of nutrient release.Q.21 Name four reasons for decrease in nutrient release. Ans. a) Blanketing effect of reservoir by continuous sedimentation.b) Increase in volume of impounded water. c) Using up of available nutrients by agnatic vegetation. d) Regular withdrawal of water from reservoirs. Q.22 What is blanketing effect? Ans. Continuous sedimentation arrests growth of benthic macro and micro flora and fauna causing decrease in nutrient release. This is blanketing effect.Q.23 What characterizes plase of trophic depression? Ans. Presence of low fish food reserve.Q.24 What happens during final fertility? Ans. Fertility is regained depending upon accumulation of organic substances in bottom soil.Q.25 What are the duration of the 3 trophic phases of a reservoir? Ans. 1). Initial Fertility – 2 to 3 years.2). Trophic Depression – 25-30 Years.3). Final Fertility - Beyond 30 Years.
Posted on: Sat, 08 Mar 2014 04:37:04 +0000
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