Basic Linux Commands: alias:- Allows you to set aliases and view the current ali awk:- Search for a pattern within a file. alien:- Converts .tgz and rpm’s to .deb format. banner:- Prints characters as a poster. badblocks:- Searches a device for bad blocks. biff:- Turns mail notification on and off. bg:- move a job running in the foreground to the backgr bzip2:- Used to compress and decompress files. Similar to cardctl:- Used to control PCMCIA cards. cfdisk:- Used to partition a hard disk. cp:- Copy chattr:- Changes the attributes of a file or folder. chroot:- Change the root directory for a command. chmod:- Used to change permissions on a directory or file. chown:- Used to change the owner of a file or directory. chgrp:- Used to change the group a file belongs to. clear:- Clears the screen cpio:- Copies file. cat:- Displays the content of a file chpasswd:- Used to change a large number of passwords at once. cd:- Changes directories. chage:- Sets password aging parameters. cal:- Displays a calendar. cron:- Used to execute commands at a certain time. crontab:- Allows you to view or edit the current cron jobs. dselect:- A graphical front end for dpkg. dpkg:- Installs packages on debain distro’s. date:- Prints current date to the screen du:- Lists disk usage in a directory. df:- Reports disk usage information. df -h dmesg:- Used to view the kernel boot file. dump:- Used for backing up. edquota:- Sets quotas for specific users. env:- Lists current environment variables. fdisk:- Used to create/edit/delete partitions. fsck:- Checks a file system for consistency. fg:- Used to send jobs to the background. fuser:- Checks to see what processes and users have open files. find:- Searches for a file. free:- Will show total memory, used memory, and free memory. gcc:- Used to compile C, Assembler, and Preprocessed C source. gedit:- open document file [redhat] gnome-terminal :- open new terminal. gpasswd:- Used to set a password for a group. grep:- Used to search through a file for a specified pattern. getty:- Set terminal type, modes, speed, and line discipline groupadd:- Create new group account. groupdel:- Deletes a group. groupmod:- Used to modify a group. groups:- Shows what groups a user is part of. gunzip:- Uncompress files compressed by gzip. head:- Displays the first 10 lines of a file to the screen. hdparm:- Gets disk information. history:- Lists recently executed commands. host:- Used to get DNS info. htpasswd:- Allows you to set usernames and passwords for your websever. id:- Display information about yourself or another user. insmod:- Installs modules. init:- Used to change run levels. isapnp:- Sets up ISA cards. icmpinfo:- Intercept and interpret ICMP packets jobs:- Used to show jobs running in the background. join:- Join lines of two sorted. kill:- Used to kill a process. killall:- Kill processes by command name. kernelcfg:- A graphical application configures Linux. klogd:- Control which kernel messages. linuxconf:- A command line GUI which lets you configure your linux lpc:- Used to control a line printer. lpq:- View the print spool queue. lpr:- Send files to the printer spool queue. ls:- Displays a directories contents. ln:- Used to create hard and symbolic links. less:- Display the contents of a file locate:- Search for a file or directory. ldd:- Shows what shared libraries a program is dependent on. ldconfig:- Used to configure/view shared libraries. last:- Lists logins and reboots. lastlog:- Print the last login times for system accounts. lsmod:- Lists loaded modules. lsattr:- Lists the attributes for a file or folder. logrotate:- Used to manipulate log files. mount:- Used by itself, reports the currently mounted files. modinfo:- Give info about the module. modprobe:- Queries modules. man:- Displays the Man page for a given command. mesg:- Used to allow/not allow ‘write’. manpath:- Attempts to determine the path to a man page. mail:- Used to send and receive mail. mkdir:- Make directory mke2fs:- Used to format a partition with the Ext2 file system. mv:- Move/Rename merge:- Merge multiple files together. more:- Lets you page through text one screen full at a time. minicom:- Great utility for troublshooting a modem. mkbootdisk:- Used to make a boot disk. nautilus:- for open the directory [redhat]. ntsysv:- Used to select what services should automatically start. nice:- Used to set process priorities. nslookup:- Used to get DNS info from name servers. netstat:- Shows active sockets. partprobe:- without reboot system update the kernal when make partition in redhat. ps:- Displays current processes ping:- Used to test connectivity between two hosts. pwd:- Present Working Directory pwconv:- Used to set up the /etc/shadow file. pnpdump:- Determines settings for existing ISA cards. quota:- Allows users to view their own disk quotas. quotaon:- Turns on disk quotas for the system. quotaoff:- Turns off disk quotas for the system. repquota:- Provides reports of disk usage for various users. rmmod:- Removes modules. rm:- Remove rmdir:- Remove directory rpm:- (RedHat flavors only)Used to install RPM’s rpcinfo:- Used to see what rpc services are available. route:- Used to view/change routes between you and other hosts. script:- terminal recording command in redhat.[ctrl+D stop the recording & cat typescript for the read recording. smbclient:- Used to connect to Windows shares or Samba. smbadduser:- Maps linux user names to Windows NT user names. smbpasswd:- Used to update the smbpasswd file with new accounts. set:- Used to read and write variables. setquota:- Used to set disk quotas. sort:- Sorts lines in a file by alphabetical order. sndconfig:- Used to probe and configure a sound card. su:- Change to Super User (root). spell:- Checks for spelling errors in a file. startx:- Start the X Server (GUI) shutdown:- Shutdown machine suspend:- Places a shell in the background. showmount:- Shows mount information for an NFS server. swapon:- Turns on the swapfile. swapoff:- Turns off the swapfile. testparm:- Used to troubleshoot Samba. tar:- Used to compress multiple files. timeconfig:- Used to set the timezone on your machine. tac:- View a file from the last line up. touch:- Creates an empty file. tail:- Displays the last 10 lines of a file to the screen. talk:- Used to chat with another user on the same machine. tr:- Converts one set of characters to another. traceroute:- Used to track the path a packet takes to a host. top:- Shows information about the most CPU-intensive Apps. useradd:- Add a user. usermod:- Modify a user. userdel:- Delete a user. umount:- Removes a device from the filesystem. unalias ls :- remove color from terminal [folder in terminal]. updatedb:- Updates the locate database. uname:- Determines OS name, version and machine name. vmstat:- Lists information on memory usage. vi:- A text editor whereis:- Finds documentation files. who:- Tells you who is logged into your server. whoami:- Tells you your user information. wc:- Print the number of bytes, words, and lines in files which:- Finds the full path for a command. write:- Used to send a message to another user. whois:- Used to query servers for info on. wall:- Writes a message to all logged in users. xman:- Graphical interface for man pages. xf86config:- Used to configure X. zcat:- Read files that have been compressed with gzip. https://facebook/hacking0070
Posted on: Fri, 20 Sep 2013 13:29:45 +0000