Below are the 6 MAIN Branches of chemistry.... but there are many sub-branches 1.Organic chemistry - the study of most carbon-containing compounds. 2.Inorganic chemistry - the study of all substances not classified as organic, mainly those compounds that do not contain carbon. 3.Physical chemistry - the study of the properties and changes of matter and their relation to energy. 4.Analytical chemistry - the identification of the components and composition of materials. 5.Biochemistry - the study of substances and processes occurring in living things. 6.Theoretical chemistry - the use of mathematics and computers to understand the principles behind observed chemical behavior and to design and predict the properties of new compounds. Sub Branches Of Chemistry Analytical chemistry - analysis of material samples to gain an understanding of their chemical composition and structure. Analytical chemistry incorporates standardized experimental methods in chemistry. These methods may be used in all subdisciplines of chemistry, excluding purely theoretical chemistry. Biochemistry - study of the chemicals, chemical reactions and chemical interactions that take place in living organisms. Biochemistry and organic chemistry are closely related, as in medicinal chemistry or neurochemistry. Biochemistry is also associated with molecular biology and genetics. Inorganic chemistry - study of the properties and reactions of inorganic compounds. The distinction between organic and inorganic disciplines is not absolute and there is much overlap, most importantly in the sub-discipline of organometallic chemistry. Materials chemistry - preparation, characterization, and understanding of substances with a useful function. The field is a new breadth of study in graduate programs, and it integrates elements from all classical areas of chemistry with a focus on fundamental issues that are unique to materials. Primary systems of study include the chemistry of condensed phases (solids, liquids, polymers) and interfaces between different phases. Neurochemistry - study of neurochemicals; including transmitters, peptides, proteins, lipids, sugars, and nucleic acids; their interactions, and the roles they play in forming, maintaining, and modifying the nervous system. Nuclear chemistry - study of how subatomic particles come together and make nuclei. Modern Transmutation is a large component of nuclear chemistry, and the table of nuclides is an important result and tool for this field. Organic chemistry - study of the structure, properties, composition, mechanisms, and reactions of organic compounds. An organic compound is defined as any compound based on a carbon skeleton. Physical chemistry - study of the physical and fundamental basis of chemical systems and processes. In particular, the energetics and dynamics of such systems and processes are of interest to physical chemists. Important areas of study include chemical thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, electrochemistry, statistical mechanics, spectroscopy, and more recently, astrochemistry. Physical chemistry has large overlap with molecular physics. Physical chemistry involves the use of infinitesimal calculus in deriving equations. It is usually associated with quantum chemistry and theoretical chemistry. Physical chemistry is a distinct discipline from chemical physics, but again, there is very strong overlap. Theoretical chemistry - study of chemistry via fundamental theoretical reasoning (usually within mathematics or physics). In particular the application of quantum mechanics to chemistry is called quantum chemistry. Since the end of the Second World War, the development of computers has allowed a systematic development of computational chemistry, which is the art of developing and applying computer programs for solving chemical problems. Theoretical chemistry has large overlap with (theoretical and experimental) condensed matter physics and molecular physics. Agrochemistry - is the study and application of both chemistry and biochemistry for agricultural production, the processing of raw products into foods and beverages, and environmental monitoring and remediation. Astrochemistry - is the study of the abundance and reactions of chemical elements and molecules in the universe, and their interaction with radiation. Cosmochemistry - is the study of the chemical composition of matter in the universe and the processes that led to those compositions. Atmospheric chemistry - is a branch of atmospheric science which studies the chemistry of the Earths atmosphere and that of other planets. Chemical engineering - is the branch of engineering that applies the physical sciences (e.g., chemistry and physics) and/or life sciences (e.g., biology, microbiology and biochemistry) together with mathematics and economics to processes that convert raw materials or chemicals into more useful or valuable forms. Chemical biology - is a scientific discipline spanning the fields of chemistry and biology and involves the application of chemical techniques and tools, often compounds produced through synthetic chemistry, to analyze and manipulation of biological systems. Chemo-informatics - is the use of computer and informational techniques applied to a range of problems in the field of chemistry. Electrochemistry - is a branch of chemistry that studies chemical reactions which take place in a solution at the interface of an electron conductor (the electrode: a metal or a semiconductor) and an ionic conductor (the electrolyte), and which involve electron transfer between the electrode and the electrolyte or species in solution. Environmental chemistry - is the study of chemical and biochemical phenomena that occur diverse aspects of the environment such the air, soil, and water. It also studies the effects of human activity on the environment. Femtochemistry - is the area of physical chemistry that studies chemical reactions on extremely short timescales, approximately 10–15 seconds (one femtosecond). Flow chemistry - is the study of chemical reactions in continuous flow, not as stationary batches, in industry and macroprocessing equipment. Geochemistry - is the chemical study of the mechanisms behind major systems studied in geology. Green chemistry - is a philosophy of chemical research and engineering that encourages the design of products and processes that minimize the use and generation of hazardous substances. Immunohistochemistry - involves the process of detecting antigens (e.g., proteins) in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in biological tissues. History of chemistry - is the study of the history of ideas and people who have contributed chemistry in the past. Immunochemistry - is a branch of chemistry that involves the study of the reactions and components on the immune system. Chemical oceanography - is the study of ocean chemistry: the behavior of the chemical elements within the Earths oceans Materials science - is an interdisciplinary field investigating the relationship between the structure of materials at atomic or molecular scales and their macroscopic properties. Mathematical chemistry - is the area of study engaged in novel applications of mathematics to chemistry. It concerns itself principally with the mathematical modeling of chemical phenomena. Mechanochemistry - is the coupling of mechanical and chemical phenomena on a molecular scale and can be seen as a coupling of chemistry and mechanical engineering. Medicinal chemistry - is a discipline which applies chemistry for medical or drug related purposes. Molecular biology - is the study the interactions between the various systems of a cell. It overlaps with biochemistry. Molecular mechanics - applies classical mechanics to model molecular systems. Nanotechnology - is the study and application of matter that is at an atomic and molecular scale. This broad field interacts with chemistry at such scales. Oenology - is the study of all aspects of wine and winemaking. Organometallic chemistry - is the study of chemical compounds containing bonds between carbon and a metal. Petrochemistry - is the study of the transformation of petroleum and natural gas into useful products or raw materials. Pharmacology - is the branch of medicine and biology concerned with the study of drug action along with the chemical effects. Photochemistry - is the study of chemical reactions that proceed with the absorption of light by atoms or molecules. Physical organic chemistry - is the study of the interrelationships between structure and reactivity in organic molecules. Phytochemistry - is the study of phytochemicals which come from plants. Polymer chemistry - is a multidisciplinary science that deals with the chemical synthesis and chemical properties of polymers or macromolecules. Radiochemistry - is the chemistry of radioactive materials. Solid-state chemistry - is the study of the synthesis, structure, and properties of solid phase materials, particularly, but not necessarily exclusively of, non-molecular solids. Sonochemistry - is the study of effect of sonic waves and wave properties on chemical systems. Supramolecular chemistry - refers to the domain of chemistry beyond that of molecules and focuses on the chemical systems made up of a discrete number of assembled molecular subunits or components. Surface chemistry - is the study of physical and chemical phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases, including solid-liquid interfaces, solid-gas interfaces, solid-vacuum interfaces, and liquid-gas interfaces. Synthetic chemistry - is the study of chemical synthesis. Thermochemistry - The branch of chemistry that studies the relation between chemical action and the amount of heat absorbed or generated. Calorimetry -The study of heat changes in physical and chemical processes.
Posted on: Tue, 22 Jul 2014 20:58:45 +0000
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