• Bernard Riemann, mathematician who paved the way for higher dimensional geometry, this allowed for curved space geometry, which in turn provided the mathematical basis for relativity theory. • Georg Cantor invented of set theory, which has become a fundamental theory in mathematics. • Kurt Gödel is most famous for his incompleteness theorems, which are widely regarded as the most remarkable achievement of 20th century mathematics. • Newton widely regarded as the most influential scientist of all time, independently invented infinitesimal calculus. • Leibniz developed the infinitesimal calculus independently of Isaac Newton, and Leibnizs mathematical notation has been widely used ever since it was published. He became one of the most prolific inventors in the field of mechanical calculators. While working on adding automatic multiplication and division to Pascals calculator, he was the first to describe a pinwheel calculator in 1685 and invented the Leibniz wheel, used in the arithmometer, the first mass-produced mechanical calculator. He also refined the binary number system, which is at the foundation of virtually all digital computers. • Michael Faraday established the basis for the concept of the electromagnetic field in physics. Faraday also established that magnetism could affect rays of light and that there was an underlying relationship between the two phenomena. He similarly discovered the principle of electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism, and the laws of electrolysis. His inventions of electromagnetic rotary devices formed the foundation of electric motor technology, and it was largely due to his efforts that electricity became practical for use in technology. • Maxwells discoveries helped usher in the era of modern physics, laying the foundation for such fields as special relativity and quantum mechanics. Many physicists regard Maxwell as the 19th-century scientist having the greatest influence on 20th-century physics, and his contributions to the science are considered by many to be of the same magnitude as those of Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein. • Max Planck invented quantum theory. • Heisenberg is most famous for his uncertainty principle, a key founder of quantum mechanics.
Posted on: Tue, 29 Jul 2014 01:27:54 +0000
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