Charles Alexandre Durand de Linois comte Durand de Linois and de lEmpire (1st, 1810-1848) (Charles Alexandre Léon Durand de Linois) image Officier de marine, vice-amiral Born on 27 January 1761 - Brest, Finistère Died on 2 December 1848 - Versailles, Yvelines Age at death: 87 years old Buried - cimetière Saint-Louis, Versailles, Yvelines Parents Charles Durand de Linois 1713-1795 Marie Anne Le Vacher de Boisville 1725-1795 At the age of 15, in 1776, Charles Alexandre Léon Durand Linois entered the Royal Navy, and three years later, the war that began in 1778 and was to be followed by many other wars, was the young volunteer auxiliary lieutenant aboard the frigate Scipio ship of seventy-four. In 1781 (July 1), he became lieutenant and port lieutenant port in 1784, finally Lieutenant 1 May 1789 He had thirteen years of active service, during which he traveled the coast of France for English Channel and in Spanish waters and the Indian Ocean and the Caribbean. He took part in the War of Independence of the United States, he fought primarily in the West Indies. In 1789, Charles Alexandre Léon Durand Linois was promoted to lieutenant before returning to the Indian Ocean. Between 1791 and 1794, he fought in the seas of India. At the organization of the Navy (1791), he took rank among the lieutenants at the time of his lieutenants port, and passed with this grade on the frigate Atalante. After thirty-eight months in the seas of India, on the coast of Malabar, Coromandel and Africa, he had returned to France. Back in France in 1794, is based in Brest as lieutenant port. Admiral Louis Thomas Villaret de Joyeuse him to go with a small division of light walking against Admiral Vanstabel, which brought in Northern America a convoy of flour, due in France with painful anxiety. The convoy made a good road; but Linois, who was looking for, gave English ships in which he went after an honorable and desperate resistance (28 Floreal Year II). He was captured by the Royal Navy. His defense had brought him to the esteem of his enemies; after his return to France, she pointed to the governments attention. He was traded and promoted on 15 Floreal Year III, the rank of captain and took command of the ship Formidable, under the command of Admiral Villaret. The navy left Brest in the course of grassland: an engagement took place on the 29th, another 9 messidor. On D emigrants at Quiberon, Combat naval de Croix, the British were superior in strength: three French vessels fell into their hands; Formidable was one of them. Linois, twice wounded, lost his left eye in the fight. Again, his captivity was not of long duration: he was fortunate to be exchanged two months after the English ship captain John Carrulhers. Of traded again, he is back in France in late August 1795. The following year (an IV), the navy was reorganized and Linois appointed Head of Division, took command of Nestor. During the expedition to Ireland, which was unsuccessful, he commanded in that capacity three ships and four frigates. Arrived in Bantry Bay, he wanted to land his small army generals opposed, and Linois brought her safely to Brest. Four taken that ushered him into the harbor testified impotence enemies to oppose his return. Promoted to chief of staff of the naval forces of Brest in February 1799, he was appointed temporarily against Admiral by the Minister of Marine and Colonies Eustache Bruix. 5 Pluviôse VII, the first Consul made the following decree: Bonaparte shall, on the request of Admiral Bruix, against the rank of Admiral, Linois Durand, head of division. For twenty months from date, he served as Chief of the General Staff of the navy to Admiral Bruix, and successively against admirals Delmotte and Latouche Treville. Napoleon Bonaparte confirms Charles Alexandre Léon Durand Linois in the rank of Vice Admiral in 1800 In 1800 he was second in command expeditionary wing with Admiral Ganteaume. After the business of Portoferraio and the Island of Elba, he escorted three vessels in Toulon with an epidemic, and June 13, 1801, he left this port with the same buildings and the frigate Muiron to go Cadiz join the Spanish squadron. He fought the British squadron, superior in number, James Saumarez in the Battle of Algeciras. This brand superiority in the first part of the battle, capturing HMS Hannibal; but when returning to Cadiz, two Spanish ships, deceived by a night attack by the British, was cannonading each other and are lost. At the end of 1801, Linois left Cadiz with three ships and three frigates these buildings were 1,800 men of the expedition to Santo Domingo. After two months of living in the colony, he operated his return to Brest with the squadron of Admiral Villaret. After the hilt of his sword have signed the treaty of Amiens, a first aid Napoleon was to send an expedition in India who could take advantage of the time of his short truce that the treaty was established between England and the French Republic. A small division composed of a ship, three frigates and two transports, sailed from Brest on 14 Ventôse XI, under the command of Admiral against Linois to go bring in Indian counters Captain General Decaen, a battalion infantry and a large number of civilian and military workers to fill positions that were waiting in the former colonies that England had finally consented employees to return to France. [1] This possession so late was not to be long lasting, the day after his departure in Pondicherry, Decaen was ordered by the brig Aries, left Brest ten days after him, leaving his expeditionary battalion ashore, and sail immediately to the Isle of France, where he was to await the impending failure of the ephemeral Amiens convention. This return astonished Captain General Decaen. Despite his displeasure, the Emperor appointed commander Linois the Legion of Honour on 25 Prairial XIII; is that, probably, new information had come to him and he recognized that the ratio of general Decaen was not free of bias. Anyway, the arrival of Linois, the peace treaty had been genuinely torn. In 1803 Napoleon Bonaparte appointed him head of French forces in the Indian Ocean. In this capacity he continues unabated British merchant ships until China Sea. Twenty million francs, produces catch taken in this short and brilliant campaign, signaled the commencement of hostilities between the French islands of India reduced to France and Reunion, and British India already embraced the whole Indian subcontinent. Three other races as beautiful as skillfully directed, surrendered the ship Marengo terror of English commerce in the seas he traveled. In 1804 takes place the meeting of Pulo Aura: the squadron under Linois meets British China Fleet composed of lightly armed merchant ships. Outnumbered the French, British vessels maneuvering in order to make believe that they are preparing to fight; some wear military flags to complete the illusion. Persuaded to deal with protected escorts Navy fleet Linois withdraws without a fight. Reduces the need to repair his tired by a long stay in distant seas and riddled with fire from the enemy ship, the admiral decided to make rolls for Europe. The frigate La Belle Poule, which had rallied recently, was to follow in this last voyage to the coast. [7] During the journey back to France, the French squadron meeting in 1806 off Cape Verde an important British squadron under the command of Admiral Warren. Linois was again wounded and captured. Napoleon stopped the practice of exchange of prisoners: Linois remain held until the fall of the Empire in 1814 the meantime, he has been made a count of Linois by Napoleon in 1810. When he saw the France in April 1814, the battle had postponed Louis XVIII on the throne and banished to the island of Elba Napoleon. June 13 Linois was appointed governor of Guadeloupe, and Knight of St. Louis on 5 July. From April 29, the news of Napoleons return to Paris had arrived in the Windward Islands. However, the letters of the Admiral, 2 and 22 May and even June 2, the count of Châtre, then ambassador in London, contained protestations of loyalty and devotion to the king. Rallied to Napoleon during the Hundred Days, he must leave the post after Waterloo. 17 and 18, the garrison was raised, and the governor was arrested. 19 The next day he made a proclamation and pulled together the reins of government, but in the name of the Emperor. The new Waterloo were quick to arrive, and with them the attacks of the English forces. On 10 August, the capitulation was signed, and the next day the French troops were embarked to be conducted in France and discounts available to the Duke of Wellington. On October 4, Linois writing of the Plymouth Sound Viscount Dubouchage, Minister of Shipping; he gives her all the details of what happened in Guadeloupe, he explains that he has never stopped, despite appearances, to be faithful subject and subject of the king, and he ends by asking that his conduct be subject to review by a council of war. It was indeed referred to the standing council of the 1st Military Division, by order of 26 December 1815 and 11 March next, not guilty unanimously: he was acquitted but retired. A royal decision put him to retire April 18, 1816; and on 13 May the Royal Court recorded in solemn audience, the letters patent which gave him the title of count. In 1825, to mark the coronation of Charles X, he was appointed honorary vice-admiral. Louis-Philippe I did Grand Officer of the Legion of Honor on March 1, 1831, and later, he ordered that his name would be engraved on the west side of the Arc de Triomphe de lÉtoile. He retired to Versailles, where he died in 1848.
Posted on: Thu, 23 Oct 2014 00:38:19 +0000
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