Communicative Grammar follows the communicative approach to language teaching. Scholars like Hymes,Labov,Wilkins,Halliday,Widdowson have contributed for its emergence and development.D.A. Wilkins wrote a book entitled ,’Notional Syllabus’in 1976 to design the communicative Grammar. He maintained the two types of activities for the learners to learn communicative functions. Functional communicative activities include activities such as comparision of two sets of pictures,the list of similarities and dissimilarities and social interaction activities includes activities such as role-play, conversation, speech competition debates etc. CG is based on specific assumptions. Some of them are : a)Language is studied at the discourse level,b)Its primary goal is the fluency and appropriacy of the language rather than accuracy ,c)Language is taken as the means of communication ,rather than a system of rules, d)It functions on the knowledge of linguistics forms,meaning and functions of the language ,e)It demands for the social context to use the communicative event ,f)It focuses the opportunities to develop strategies by the learners for the interpretation of the language CG focuses on the communicative competence, that is in the form linguistic competence (ability to use the grammar, pronunciation and vocabulary of the language accurately) , pragmatic competence (ability to use the language in congruent with the context/situation ), discourse competence (ability to use the sentences coherently and cohesively with background knowledge),strategic competence ( ability to employ wide range of communicative strategies in the language ),fluency (ability to link units of speech together easily and without strain or in appropriate slowness or undue hesitation ). The five models of communicative competence are: a)Hymes model (1972),b)Canale and Swain model (1980),Bachman’s model (1990) and Celca-Morcia,Dernyei and Thurell’s model (1995). The term communicative competence was first coined in 1972 by Dell Hymes in the field of linguistics. Teaching materials in communicative competence includes materials based on notional syllabus(by Wilkins),problem solving activities(role play, games ), communicative language functions (request,suggestion, order, persuation,encouragement,declaration, announcement etc ) and notional categories ( time,quantity,duration ,location ) ,linguistic items and structures needed to expression. Communicative Approach to Language Teaching aims the learners for the acquisition of communicative competence. Its basic assumption is that grammar should be used for the communication purposes in the target language.CG focuses on both semantic and communicative aspects rather then grammatical aspects of the language .
Posted on: Sun, 04 Aug 2013 03:31:10 +0000
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