FILM LANGUAGE Animation A form of filmmaking characterised by photographing inanimate objects or individual drawings frame by frame, with each frame differeing minutely from the previous frame. When these images are projected at the standard speed of twenty-four frames per second, the images appear to move. Auteur Auteur theory emphasises the director as the major creator of film art. Costume The clothes that characters wear. Costume in narrative cinema is used to signify character, or advertise particular fashions, or to make clear distinctions between characters. Biopic A biographical film normally about the life of a famous person. Captions/ titles Written labels on the screen. A title designer is responsible for the captions. Diegesis The narrative elements that are shown or inferred from the content of a film. The diegesis includes objects, events, spaces and the characters that inhabit them, including things, actions, and attitudes not explicitly presented in the film but inferred by the audience. Editing The joining together of clips of film into a single filmstrip. The cut is a simple edit but there are many other possible ways to transition from one shot to another. Flashback / Flashforward A jump backwards or forwards in diegetic time. With the use of flashback / flashforward the order of events in the plot no longer matches the order of events in the story Focus Focus refers to the degree to which light rays coming from any particular part of an object pass through the lens and reconverge at the same point on a frame of the film negative, creating sharp outlines and distinct textures that match the original object Freeze frame A device which allows you to pause the film and freeze the image. Genres Types of film recognized by audiences and/or producers. These types are distinguished by narrative or stylistic conventions. Mise-en-scen All the things that are “put in the scene”: the setting, the decor, the lighting, the costumes, the performance etc. Scene A scene is a segment of a narrative film that usually takes place in a single time and place, often with the same characters. Script, Screenplay, Scenario A written description of a film’s dialogue and action, sometimes with basic camera directions. Shot A single stream of images, uninterrupted by editing; a unit of film in which the camera does not stop filming. TYPES OF SHOT: ANGLES Aerial shot: A shot taken from a crane, plane, or helicopter, restricted to exterior locations. Birds’s eye view A shot in which the camera photographs the scene from directly overhead. Crane shot A shot taken from a mechanical device called a crane which can carry the camera in any direction. High angle shot A shot taken from above the subject. Low angle shot A shot taken from below the subject. SHOT SIZES Extreme long shot A framing in which the scale of the object shown is very small; a building, landscape, or crowd of people will fill the screen. Establishing shot Long or full shot A type of long shot that includes the human body in full, with the head near the top of the frame and the feet near the bottom.It makes for a relatively stable shot that can accomodate movement without reframing . Medium long shot Framing such than an object four or five feet high would fill most of the screen vertically. Medium close-up A relatively close shot, revealing the human figure from the waist up. Close-up A detailed view of a person or object. A framing in which the scale of the object shown is relatively large. In a close-up a person’s head, or some other similarly sized object, would fill the frame. Extreme close-up A shot in which the scale of the object shown is very large, a minutely detailed view of an object or person. Faces are the most recurrent images in extreme close-ups. An extreme close-up of an actor usually includes only his or her eyes or mouth. Point of view shot A shot taken with the camera placed approximately where the character’s eyes would be, showing what the character would see; usually cut in before or after a shot of the character looking. Reaction shot A shot to show an emotional response to the immediately preceding action or words of another character in the scene, or to an event in the immediately preceding scene which may or may not involve another actor (e.g., an explosion, monster, empty room, etc.) Two shot A medium featuring two actors in the same frame. Three shot A medium featuring three actors in the same frame. Dutch Tilt A shot in which the camera angle is deliberately slanted to one side. This can be used for dramatic effect and helps portray unease, disorientation, frantic or desperate action, intoxication or madness. Stills still pictures taken from from a film. Synopsis A short description of the main parts of a story. Teaser An opening sequence designed to catch the interest of the audience. Thriller A film with a lot of action and suspense Trailer A short filmed advertisement for a film using highlights from the film with graphics and voice-over commentary to publicise the film.
Posted on: Tue, 19 Nov 2013 09:34:57 +0000
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