GAUTENG DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION SENIOR SECONDARY INTERVENTION PROGRAM ME ENGLISH FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE Grade 12 SESSION 10 L EA RN ER NOTES Page 1 of 11 DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH Learner Note : You need to do many different examples of rewriting direct speech into reported speech, since it is also a section of the syllabus that many of you struggle with. The more examples you do, the better you will un derstand what to do. In the Language Exam Paper, rewriting sentences into reported speech will be done from a specific text and within context for example the cartoon: the direct speech of a character might be given to be rewritten into reported speech. I n the Language Exam Paper only 2 - 6 marks might be allocated to this session, but youstill need to practise to reach perfection. In this session we are going to tackle the topic of Direct and Indirect Speech . In the exam papers you will mainly be asked to rewrite direct speech into the reported speech (indirect). It is a skill that you need to learn since someone‟s direct words or the reporting of what someone has said, is what makes our language alive and spoken by millions around the world. You have to do many exercises to practise how to report a variety of sentence types like questions, statements and exclamations. Remember to study the additional notes (Section C) . Learner Note : It is NOT just a case of taking the verbs back to the past tense! Y ou must understand the concept of taking the verb(s) one step into the past: is – was; was – had been OR go – went; went – had gone OR eat – ate; ate – had eaten . It is therefore important that you know the THREE main columns of the verb. These VERB columns can be found in most text books. Your teacher will expect of you to study small parts of the verb lists every week. It will help with your understanding of Direct/Indirect Speech as well as Active and Passive voice. Example of Verb Columns : eat – ate – had eaten go – went – had gone SECTION A: TYPICAL EXAM QUESTIONS LESSON OVERVIEW Hint: The rule in Reported Speech is that all verbs in the spoken words (Direct Speech) go one step into the past when it is rewritt en as Reported speech. He said: “She ate the peach.” – He said that she had eaten the peach . OR They said:” We are eating our lunch.” – 楤琠瑨 were eating their lunch. GAUTENG DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION SENIOR SECONDARY INTERVENTION PROGRAM ME ENGLISH FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE Grade 12 SESSION 10 L EA RN ER NOTES Page 2 of 11 Learner Note : Remember to study the additional notes (Section C) before you attempt these questions – or if you get stuck , you may refer to your notes. Remember : C orrect punctuation – “ “are thrown away in report ed speech. Personal pronouns often change – “I” might change to “me” Time words change – “today” becomes “that day” or “yesterday” becomes “the previous day” When a question or exclamation is reported, punctuation marks like? or ! are not used. The corr ect introductory word must be used: Question – “He asked if/whether .....” Statement – “He said that ....” Exclamation – “He exclaimed ......” or “He shouted .....” An order – “He or dered her to ......” Exercise /Question 1: 20 minutes (Taken from various old exam papers) Rewrite the following Direct Speech sentences into the Reported Speech . 1.1 The boy shouted, “They are busy eating all the sweets.” 1.2 “There is nothing wron g with your blood pressure,” said the doctor. 1.3 The teacher told them: “Water expands when forming ice.” 1.4 I said: “I want to meet you after school.” 1.5 The class shouted:”We have finished our work!” 1.6 The patient complained, “We have not been give n any food to eat.” 1.7 The scientist stated:”The earth revolves around the sun.” 1.8 “I have not eaten anything since Monday,” the poor girl said. [24x½=12 marks] GAUTENG DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION SENIOR SECONDARY INTERVENTION PROGRAM ME ENGLISH FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE Grade 12 SESSION 10 L EA RN ER NOTES Page 3 of 11 Exercise / Question 2: 10 minutes (Taken from various old exam papers) Rewrite in re ported speech 2.1 The teacher said:”Tomorrow the clothes must be brought back here.” (2) 2.2 “A year ago I bought this car,” she told her daughter. (2) 2.3 “Please, let me try and do it my way,” he begged. (2) 2.4 The army officer shouted:”Run faster, you fools!” (2) 2.5 The teacher said:”Thank you my dear.” (2) Turn the following into direct speech 2.6 Cathy begged her mother to let her go to the party, but her mother refused with a strict voice. (2) ** ( Just reverse the process and remember to add punctuation marks and inverted commas!) Exercise /Question 3: 10 minutes (Taken from various old exam papers.) 3. 1 Punctuate the following examples of direct speech correctly. 3.1.1 susan asked is my dress ready for the dance tomorrow night 3.1.2 yes it is ready replied her mom 3.1.3 wow this is wonderful it is so beautiful exclaimed susan 3.2 Correct the errors in these examples of direct speech 3.2.1 The manager asked, „Is your food fine, Mam”? 3.2.2 Yes, it‟s delicious‟, I replied.” [30 x ½ = 15] GAUTENG DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION SENIOR SECONDARY INTERVENTION PROGRAM ME ENGLISH FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE Grade 12 SESSION 10 L EA RN ER NOTES Page 4 of 11 Learner Note : When marking reported Speech, ½ marks is usually given for every correct word or change made from Direct into Reported Speech. Mark allocation may give you an indication of how many words may change when you write a sen tence into reported speech. Example : I said:”I want to meet you after school.” ½ ½ ½ ½ I said that I wanted to meet her/him after school. (½ x 4 = 2marks) She/He said that h e/she wanted to meet her/him after school. Exercise / Question 1 : Solutions See Learner’s Note above for hints on how Reported Speech is marked. : Suggested Memo : [ Underlined words are the correct words/change s that will be given marks for] 1. The boy shouted that they were busy eating all the sweets. 2. The doctor said that there was nothing wrong with her/his blood pressure. 3. The teacher told them that water expands when forming ice. (General truth DOESN’ T change tense) 4. I said that I wanted to meet her/ him after school. OR She/he said thatshe/hewanted to meet her/him after school. 5. The class shouted that they had finished their work. 6. The patient complained tha t they had not been given any food to eat. 7. The scientist stated that the earth revolves aroun d the sun. (General truth DOESN’T change tense) 8. The poor girl said that she had not eaten anything since Monday. [24 x ½ = 12marks] SECTION B: SOLUTIONS AND HINTS GAUTENG DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION SENIOR SECONDARY INTERVENTION PROGRAM ME ENGLISH FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE Grade 12 SESSION 10 L EA RN ER NOTES Page 5 of 11 E xercise / Question 2: Solutions : Exercise / Question 3 Solution s Focus on correct punctuation. The cor rect punctuation marks that marks must be given for, will be in BOLD. : MEMO 3.1.1 S usan asked :”I s my dress ready for the dance tomorr ow night ?” OR Susan asked , “Is my dress ready for the dance tomorrow night?” 3.1.2 “Y es , it is ready , “replied her mom. 3.1.3 “W ow ! T his is wonderful . I t is so beautiful !” exclaimed S usan. 3.2.1 T he manager asked , “ Is your food fine, Mam ?” 3.2.2 ”Y es , it‟s delicious ,” I replied. [30x½= 15 marks] Suggested Memo 2.1 The teacher said t hat (√) the clothes had to (√) be brought back there (√) the following day . ( √) (4x½=2) OR 2.1 The teacher said that the clothes should be brought back there the following day . ( 4x½=2) 2.2 She told her daughter that ( √)she had bought (√ ) that (√ ) car a year before . ( √) (2) 2.3 He begged her/ him ( √)to let ( √)him (√ ) try and do it his (√ ) way. ( 2) 2.4 The army officer shouted at the soldiers ( √) 瑯畮晡瑥 . ( √) (2) 2.5 The teacher thanked ( √) the child. (√) (2) 2.6 “May I please go to the party?” Cathy asked . “No!” her mother replied strictly. [ Or any other acceptable answer – use own judgement .] (2) TOTAL = 12 GAUTENG DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION SENIOR SECONDARY INTERVENTION PROGRAM ME ENGLISH FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE Grade 12 SESSION 10 L EA RN ER NOTES Page 6 of 11 There are TWO ways of writing down what people say to each other: 1) Write down exactly (quote) the words of the speaker (Direct speech ). Example : “When will you do the work ?” asked his manager . 2) Change the direct words of the speaker to the words of the person reporting the speaker‟s words (Indirect orReported Speech ). Example : The manager asked him when he would do his work . You can see that the direct speech of the manager changes when it is reported by someone else. HOW? WHAT changes? (a) The punctuation marks are thrown away! We do NOT use the inverted commas ( “ “) in Indirect Speech. We also d o not use the ? or ! when we report someone‟s words. (b) There is a change in the TENSE used. (c) There are some connecting words like “that” and “if” when rewriting sentences into Reported Speech. (d) Some pronouns change. (e) Time words change. Chang es of TIME and PLACE WORDS in Reported speech The following table is a summary of how TIME and PLACE words change: DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH (Reported Speech) Tomorrow the following day next day/year/week the following day/year/week Yesterday the day before/the previous day last week/month the week/month before Today that day This that These those Now then ago (a year ago) before (a year before) here there will/shall would/should Must ought to/had to May might Can could SECTION C: ADDITIONAL CONTENT NOTES GAUTENG DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION SENIOR SECONDARY INTERVENTION PROGRAM ME ENGLISH FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE Grade 12 SESSION 10 L EA RN ER NOTES Page 7 of 11 Reporting questions, commands and exclamations It is not easy to write questions, commands or exclamations into reported speech. We have to use introductory verbs to show that we are reporting a question, command or exclamation. Examples: (a) “Are you going to the party?” She asked if/whether she was going to the party. ↓ } connecting word if a question ↘ NO question mark Verb to Introduce question b) ”I want to see your work immedi ately!” He requested to see his/her work immediately. ↓ ↘ NO exclamation mark Verb to introduce Exclamation/command (Any appropriate verb may be used) (c) ”How stupi d my father is!” said the girl. The girl exclaimed that her father was stupid. → NO exclamation mark (d) What if you address someone in the direct speech? “You!” You‟re the most selfish person on earth,” she exclaimed. She exclaimed that he/she was the most selfish person on earth. (The “you”is left out of the reported speech) OR “Come, darling, let‟s go home, “ said the mother. The mother suggested to her child that they had to go home.( o r should go home) } “darling” is left out and replaced by “to her child” because she was talking to her child GAUTENG DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION SENIOR SECONDARY INTERVENTION PROGRAM ME ENGLISH FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE Grade 12 SESSION 10 L EA RN ER NOTES Page 8 of 11 Punctuation when using Direct Speech (a) A comma or a colon can be used before the direct speech He replied : “I don‟t kn ow the man.” He replied, “I don‟t know the man.” (b) The reporting clause may come before or after the direct speech. He replied:”I don‟t know the man.” “I don‟t know the man,” he replied. (c) ALL the punctuation that goes with the direct speech must go inside the quotation marks. All other punctuation marks go outside the quotation marks. “Where is the museum?” asked the man. “Did he say „This is a hijack‟?” asked the frightened man. } a direct quote of someone else but still part of the direct speech of th e man GAUTENG DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION SENIOR SECONDARY INTERVENTION PROGRAM ME ENGLISH FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE Grade 12 SESSION 10 L EA RN ER NOTES Page 9 of 11 Hey, that girl has taken my sandwich! Don‟t worry. I‟ll ask her to give it back. Listen! Stop ! Learner Note : Try to ensure that you answer the questions in the allocated time frames. If you get stuck, you should refer toeither the additional notes or your class teacher. Questions should take about 20 - 30 minutes to complete. HOMEW ORK EXERCISE : 30 minute 1. Rewrite the following conversation into reported speech. (7 marks) 2. Look at the cartoon picture on the next page and rewrite the words spoken by the girl into: (Cartoon taken from: DoE Gr 12 Exam paper, Nov. 2006) 2.1 Direct Sp eech (with correct punctuation) (2) 2.2 Reported Speech (Start with: Betty said .......) (3) 3. Rewrite the following examples of Direct Speech using the correct punctuation . 3.1 mary shouted they stole my car (3) 3.2 are we going to the movies today asked Betty (2) 3.3 she is working so hard And i feel sorry for her the girl said (3) 4. Correct the punctuation. Rewrite the sentences. 4.1 Peter wanted to know”, May I bring my friends too”? (2) 4.2 „catch the man”! , shouted the soldiers. (2) 4.3 Hallelujah”! she exclaimed. (1) Total = [25] SECTION D: HOMEWORK
Posted on: Tue, 22 Jul 2014 08:30:02 +0000
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