History of odisha language Odia History of Oriya LanguageOriya, Bengali and Assamese all come fromthe same Eastern Magadhi Apabhramsa andare considered to be sister languages. In the16th and 17th century Oriya fell under thespell of Sanskrit. However, during the 17thand 18th centuries it followed a new line ofapproach. Oriya has its origins in the 10thcentury.The history of Oriya language is divided intoOld Oriya (10th century-1300), Early MiddleOriya (1300-1500), Middle Oriya (1500-1700), Late Middle Oriya (1700-1850) and ModernOriya (1850 till present day). Oriya literatureupto 1500AD mainly covers poems and proseswith religion, gods and goddesses as the maintheme. The earliest use of prose can be foundin the Madala Panji or the Palm-leafChronicles of the Jagannatha temple at Puri,which date back to the 12th century. The firstgreat poet of Orissa is the famous Sarala-Das who wrote the Chandi Purana and theVilanka Ramayana, both praising the goddessDurga. Rama-bibha, written by Arjuna-Das, is the first long poem in Oriya language.The next era is more commonly called theJagannatha Dasa Period and stretches till theyear 1700. The period begins with the writingsof Shri Chaitanya whose Vaishnava influencebrought in a new evolution in Oriya literature.Balarama Dasa, Jagannatha Dasa,Yasovanta, Ananta and Acyutananda were themain exponents in religious works in Oriya.The composers of this period mainlytranslated, adapted, or imitated Sanskritliterature. A few prominent works of thisperiod include the Usabhilasa of Sisu SankaraDasa, the Rahasya-manjari of Deva-durlabha Dasa and the Rukmini-bibha ofKartikka Dasa.A new form of novels in verse evolved duringthe beginning of the 17th century whenRamachandra Pattanayaka wrote Haravali.Other poets like Madhusudana, Bhima,Dhivara, Sadasiva and Sisu Isvara-dasacomposed another form called Kavyas or longpoems based on themes from Puranas. Thelanguage used by them was plain and simpleOriya.However, from the turn of the 18th century,verbally tricky Oriya became the order of theday. Verbal jugglery, obscenity and eroticismbecame the trend of the period between1700-1850, the most notable poet beingUpendra Bhanja (1670-1720). Other poetsturned up in hordes to imitate him but nonecould fit into his shoes, with the exceptions ofBhima-Bhoi and Arakshita Dasa. Familychronicles in prose and literature relatingreligious festivals and rituals also covered alarge portion of this period.The first Oriya printing typeset was cast in1836 by the Christian missionaries. The actualOriya script closely resembled Bengali andAssamese scripts but the one adopted for theprinted typesets were completely different,leaning more towards the Tamil script.Three great poets and prose writers, RaiBahadur Radhanatha Ray (1849-1908),Madhusudana Rao (1853-1912) andPhakiramohana Senapati (1843-1918) settled inOrissa and made Oriya their own. Theybrought in a modern outlook and spirit intoOriya literature. Around the same time themodern drama took birth in the works ofRama Sankara Ray beginning with Kanci-Kaveri (1880).20th writers in Oriya include Nanda-kisoraBal, Gangadhara Mehera, ChintamaniMahanti and Kuntala-Kumari SabatUtkala-bharati (quite tongue-twisting!),besides Niladri Dasa and Gopabandhu Dasa(1877-1928). The most notable novelists wereUmesa Sarakara, Divyasimha Panigrahi,Gopala Praharaja and Kalindi CharanaPanigrahi. Sachi Kanta Rauta Ray is thegreat introducer of the ultra-modern style inmodern Oriya poetry. Others who took up thisform were Godavarisa Mahapatra, DrMayadhara Manasimha, NityanandaMahapatra and Kunjabihari Dasa. PrabhasaChandra Satpati is known for his translationsof some western classics apart fromUdayanatha Shadangi, Sunanda Kara andSurendranatha Dwivedi. Criticism, essays andhistory also became major lines of writing inthe Oriya language. Esteemed writers in thisfield were Professor Girija Shankar Ray,Pandit Vinayaka Misra, Professor GauriKumara Brahma, Jagabandhu Simha andHare Krushna Mahatab. Oriya literaturemirrors the industrious, peaceful and artisticimage of the Oriya people who have offeredand gifted much to the Indian civilization in thefield of art and literature. collect by Sanjib Saan Email saan.sanjib2@gmail Mobile +918895777722
Posted on: Sat, 25 Oct 2014 17:53:57 +0000
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