Indications for chest sonography Sonography provides diagnostic information when individual structures of the thorax are investigated: 1. Thorax wall (a) Benign lesions • Benign neoplasms (e.g., lipoma) • Hematoma • Abscess • Reactivated lymph nodes • Perichondritis, Tietze’s syndrome • Rib fracture (b) Malignant lesions • Lymph node metastases (initial diagnosis and course of disease during treatment) • Invasive, growing carcinomas • Osteolysis 2. Pleura (a) Solid structures: thickening of the pleura, callus, calcification, asbestosis plaques (b) Space-occupying mass • Benign: fibrous tumor, lipoma • Malignant: circumscribed metastases, diffuse carcinosis, malignant pleural mesothelioma (c) Fluid: effusion, hematothorax, pyothorax, chylothorax (d) Dynamic investigation • Pneumothorax Distinguishing between efiusion and callus formation Adherence of a space-occupying mass Invasion by a spaceoccupying mass Mobility of the diaphragm 3. Formation of peripheral foci in the lung (a) Benign: inftammation, abscess, embolism, atel ectasis (b) Malignant: peripheral metastasis, peripheral carcinoma, tumor/atelectasis 4. Mediastinum, percutaneous (a) Spaceoccupying masses in the upper anterior mediastinum (b) Lymph nodes in the aorticopulmonary window (c) Thrombosis of the vena cava and its supplying branches (d) Imaging collateral circulation (e) Pericardial effusion
Posted on: Mon, 09 Sep 2013 20:48:27 +0000
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