Low uric acid Causes of low uric acid Low uric acid ( hypouricemia) can have numerous causes. Low dietary zincintakes cause lower uric acid levels. This effect can be even more pronounced in women taking oral contraceptive medication. [ 41 ] Xanthine oxidase is an Fe-Mo enzyme, so people with Fe deficiency (the most common cause of anemia in young women) or Mo deficiency can experience hypouricemia. Xanthine oxidase loses its function and gains ascorbase function when some of the Fe atoms in XO are replaced with Cu atoms. As such, people with high Cu/Fe can experience hypouricemia and vitamin C deficiency, resulting in oxidative damage. Since estrogen increases the half-life of Cu, women with very high estrogen levels and intense blood loss during menstruation are likely to have a high Cu/Fe and present with hypouricemia. Sevelamer, a drug indicated for prevention of hyperphosphataemiain patients with chronic renal failure, can significantly reduce serum uric acid. [ 42 ] But the main cause of congenitally low uric acid, sometimes as low as zero, remains the Molybdenum cofactor deficiency. Multiple sclerosis Lower serum values of uric acid have been associated with multiple sclerosis(MS). MS patients have been found to have serum levels ~194 µmol/L, with patients in relapse averaging ~160 µmol/L and patients in remission averaging ~230 µmol/L. Serum uric acid in healthy controls was ~290 µmol/L. [ 43 ]Conversion factor: 1 mg/dL=59.48 µmol/L [ 44 ] A 1998 study completed a statistical analysis of 20 million patient records, comparing serum uric acid values in patients with gout and patients with multiple sclerosis. Almost no overlap between the groups was found. [ 45 ] Uric acid has been successfully used in the treatment and prevention of the animal (murine) model of MS. A 2006 study found elevation of serum uric acid values in multiple sclerosis patients, by oral supplementation with inosine, resulted in lower relapse rates, and no adverse effects. [ 46 ] Normalizing low uric acid Correcting low or deficient zinc levels can help elevate serum uric acid. [ 47 ] Inosinecan be used to elevate uric acid levels. [ 43 ]Zn inhibits Cu absorption, helping to reduce the high Cu/Fe in some people with hypouricemia. Fe supplements can ensure adequate Fe reserves (ferritin above 25 ng/dl), also correcting the high Cu/Fe.
Posted on: Thu, 16 Oct 2014 14:36:47 +0000
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