The Spark of Liberty: Inspiration for the Great Charter Stephen Langford was the Archbishop of Canterbury and head of the Church of England. He was a remarkable scholar and credited with being the brains behind the Magna Carta. During Langfords reign he was in continual conflict with both King John and Pope Innocent III for trying to establish the Church’s political independence. The foundation he used for the Magna Carta was Henry I’s long-forgotten Charter of Liberties, a 14 clause proclamation which was basically copied verbatim. The Charter of Liberties is a rudimentary yet elegant little document sent out to all the shires by the young King on his precarious ascension to the throne in 1100 after the sudden death of his brother, William II. This legislation as well as other radical new rulings and a charter granting London’s freedoms, reflect Henrys need to both pacify the nobility and the population by stating his adherence to basic principles of fairness that were enshrined by his father William I and reprised Edward the Confessor’s common law of England. 1.) I, Henry, by the grace of God having been crowned the King of England, shall not take or sell any property from a Church upon the death of a bishop or abbot, until a successor has been named to that Church property. I shall end all the oppressive practices which have been an evil presence in England. 2.) If any baron or earl of mine shall die, his heirs shall not be forced to purchase their inheritance, but shall retrieve it through force of law and custom. 3.) Any baron or earl who wishes to betroth his daughter or other women kinsfolk in marriage should consult me first, but I will not stand in the way of any prudent marriage. Any widow who wishes to remarry should consult with me, but I shall abide by the wishes of her close relatives, the other barons and earls. I will not allow her to marry one of my enemies. 4.) Any wife of my barons, who becomes a widow shall not be denied her dowry. She should be allowed to remarry according to her wishes, so long as she maintains the integrity of her body, in a lawful manner. Barons overseeing the children of a dead baron shall maintain their land and interest in a lawful manner. 5.) Common seigniorages taken in the cities and counties, which was not taken in the time of Edward I, shall henceforth be forbidden. 6.) I shall remit [cancel] all debts and pleas which were owing to my brother, except those which were lawfully made through an inheritance. 7.) If any of my barons should grow feeble, and give away money or other possessions, these shall be honored, so long as the heirs are properly remembered. Gifts given by feeble barons under force of arms shall not be enforced. 8.) If any of my barons commit a crime, he shall not bind himself to the crown with a payment as was done in the time of my father and brother, but shall stand for the crime as was custom and law before the time of my father, and make amends as are appropriate. Anyone guilty of treachery or other heinous crime shall make proper amends. 9.) I forgive all murders committed before I was crowned. Subsequent murders shall stand before the justice of the Crown. 10.) With the common consent of my barons, I shall maintain all the forests as was done in the time of my father. 11.) Those knights who render military service and horses shall not be required to give grain or other farm goods to me. 12.) I impose a strict peace on the land, and command it be maintained. 13.) I restore the law of King Edward and the amendments which my father introduced upon the advice of his barons. 14.) Anything taken from me after the death of my father shall be returned immediately, without fine. If it is not returned, a heavy fine shall be enforced. Witnesses Maurice bishop of London, and William bishop elect of Winchester, and Gerard bishop of Hereford, and earl Henry, and earl Simon, and Walter Giffard, and Robert de Montfort, and Roger Bigot, and Eudo the steward, and Robert son of Hamo, and Robert Malet. At London when I was crowned. Farewell.” #MagnaCarta Check out the Magna Carta translated and explained here https://play.google/store/apps/details?id=com.Lumturo.MagnaCarta
Posted on: Thu, 22 Jan 2015 03:30:41 +0000
Trending Topics
Recently Viewed Topics
© 2015