The background of pyu people, according to Burmese history, pyu people had divided into two groups as Kamyan and Thet ( Chakma) who first carried out Theravāda Buddhism in Myanmar. They are also related with Champa people, its still being carried champa naghara (name of place) in words to words by Chakma people. Based on limited archaeological evidence, it is inferred that the earliest cultures existed in Burma as early as 11,000 BCE, mainly in the central dry zone close to the Irrawaddy. The Anyathian , Burmas Stone Age, existed around the same time as the lower and middle Paleolithic eras in Europe. Three caves located near Taunggyi at the foothills of the Shan Hills have yielded Neolithic artifacts dated 10-6000 BCE. [4] About 1500 BCE, people in the region were turning copper into bronze, growing rice, and domesticating chickens and pigs; they were among the first people in the world to do so. By 500 BCE, iron-working settlements emerged in an area south of present-day Mandalay . Bronze-decorated coffins and burial sites filled with earthenware remains have been excavated. [5] Archaeological evidence at Samon River Valley south of Mandalay suggests rice-growing settlements that traded with China between 500 BCE and 200 CE. [6] Circa 2nd century BCE, the Tibeto-Burman - speaking Pyu people began to enter the Irrawaddy River Valley from present-day Yunnan using the Tapain and Shweli Rivers . The original home of the Pyu is reconstructed to be Qinghai Lake , which is located in the present-day provinces of Qinghai and Gansu. [7] The Pyu, the earliest inhabitants of Burma of whom records are extant, went on to found settlements throughout the plains region centered around the confluence of the Irrawaddy and Chindwin Rivers that has been inhabited since the Paleolithic .[2][8] The Pyu realm was longer than wide, stretching from Sri Ksetra in the south to Halin in the north, Binnaka and Maingmaw to the east and probably Ayadawkye to the west. The Tang dynasty s records report 18 Pyu states, nine of which were walled cities, covering 298 districts. [9] Archaeological surveys have actually so far unearthed 12 walled cities, including five large walled cities, and several smaller non-fortified settlements, located at or near the three most important irrigated regions of precolonial Burma: the Mu River Valley in the north, the Kyaukse plains in center, and the Minbu region in the south and west of the former two. [10] The city-states were contemporaries of the Kingdom of Funan (Cambodia) and (perhaps) Champa (southern Vietnam), Dvaravati (Thailand), Tambralinga and Takuapa near the Kra Isthmus, and Srivijaya (southeast Sumatra ). All these statelets foreshadowed the rise of the classical kingdoms of Southeast
Posted on: Tue, 24 Jun 2014 12:26:49 +0000
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