Today is Adolf von Baeyer Birthday Adolf von Baeyer 1905, The Nobel Prize in Chemistry Adolf von Baeyer - Facts Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer Born: 31 October 1835, Berlin, Prussia (now Germany) Died: 20 August 1917, Starnberg, Germany Affiliation at the time of the award: Munich University, Munich, Germany Prize motivation: in recognition of his services in the advancement of organic chemistry and the chemical industry, through his work on organic dyes and hydroaromatic compounds Field: industrial chemistry, organic chemistry (Source: Adolf von Baeyer - Facts. Nobelprize.org. Nobel Media AB 2013. Web. 31 Oct 2013. nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1905/baeyer-facts.html). Born Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer October 31, 1835 Berlin, German Confederation Died August 20, 1917 (aged 81) Starnberg, German Empire Nationality Germany Fields Organic chemistry Institutions University of Berlin Gewerbe-Akademie, Berlin University of Strasbourg University of Munich Alma mater University of Berlin Doctoral advisor Robert Wilhelm Bunsen Friedrich August Kekulé Doctoral students Emil Fischer John Ulric Nef Victor Villiger Carl Theodore Liebermann Carl Gräbe Known for Synthesis of indigo Notable awards Nobel Prize for Chemistry (1905) Spouse Adelheid Bendemann (m. 1868; 3 children) Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer (German: [ˈbaɪɐ]; October 31, 1835 – August 20, 1917) was a German chemist who synthesized indigo, and was the 1905 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Life and career Baeyer was born in Berlin, the son of Eugenie (Hitzig) and Johann Jacob Baeyer. His mother was from a Jewish family, and had converted to Christianity. Baeyer initially studied mathematics and physics at Berlin University before moving to Heidelberg to studychemistry with Robert Bunsen. There he worked primarily in August Kekulés laboratory, earning his doctorate (from Berlin) in 1858. He followed Kekulé to the University of Ghent, when Kekulé became professor there. He became a lecturer at the Berlin Trade Academy in 1860, and a Professor at the University of Strasbourg in 1871. In 1875 he succeededJustus von Liebig as Chemistry Professor at the University of Munich. Baeyers chief achievements include the synthesis and description of the plant dye indigo, the discovery of the phthalein dyes, and the investigation of polyacetylenes, oxonium salts,nitroso compounds (1869) and uric acid derivatives (1860 and onwards) (including the discovery of barbituric acid (1864), the parent compound of the barbiturates). He was the first to propose the correct formula for indole in 1869, after publishing the first synthesis three years earlier. His contributions to theoretical chemistry include the strain (Spannung) theory of triple bonds and strain theory in small carbon rings. In 1871 he discovered the synthesis of phenolphthalein by condensation of phthalic anhydride with two equivalents of phenol under acidic conditions (hence the name). That same year he was the first to obtain synthetic fluorescein, a fluorophore pigment which is similar to naturally occurring pyoverdin, that is synthesized by microorganisms (e.g., by some fluorescent strains of Pseudomonas). Von Baeyer named his findingresorcinphthalein as he had synthesized it from phthalic anhydride and resorcinol. The term fluorescein would not start to be used until 1878. In 1872 he experimented with phenol and formaldehyde, almost preempting Leo Baekelands later discovery of Bakelite. In 1881 the Royal Society of London awarded Baeyer the Davy Medal for his work with indigo. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1884] In 1905 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in recognition of his services in the advancement of organic chemistry and the chemical industry, through his work on organic dyes and hydroaromatic compounds. Baeyers name is pronounced like the English word buyer. His birth name was Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf Baeyer, but throughout most of his life he was known simply as Adolf Baeyer. On his fiftieth birthday he was raised to the hereditary nobility, changing his name to Adolf von Baeyer. (Wikipedia) Photos: Internet Dr.A.Jagadeesh Nellore(AP),India
Posted on: Thu, 31 Oct 2013 04:43:16 +0000
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