#WhatDayIsToday??? October 20 is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 72 days remaining until the end of the year. Events[edit] 1548 – The city of Nuestra Señora de La Paz (Our Lady of Peace) is founded by Alonso de Mendoza by appointment of the king of Spain and Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V. 1572 – Relief of Goes, Cristóbal de Mondragón with 3000 soldiers of the Spanish Tercios, release the siege of the city. 1720 – Caribbean pirate Calico Jack is captured by the Royal Navy. 1740 – Maria Theresa takes the throne of Austria. France, Prussia, Bavaria and Saxony refuse to honour the Pragmatic Sanction and the War of the Austrian Succession begins. 1781 – Patent of Toleration, providing limited freedom of worship, is approved in Habsburg Monarchy. 1803 – The United States Senate ratifies the Louisiana Purchase. 1818 – The Convention of 1818 signed between the United States and the United Kingdom which, among other things, settled the Canada – United States border on the 49th parallel for most of its length. 1827 – Battle of Navarino – a combined Turkish and Egyptian armada is defeated by British, French, and Russian naval force in the port of Navarino in Pylos, Greece. 1873 – Yale, Princeton, Columbia, and Rutgers universities draft the first code of American football rules. 1883 – Peru and Chile sign the Treaty of Ancón, by which the Tarapacá province is ceded to the latter, bringing an end to Perus involvement in the War of the Pacific. 1904 – Chile and Bolivia sign the Treaty of Peace and Friendship, delimiting the border between the two countries. 1910 – The hull of the RMS Olympic, sister-ship to the ill-fated RMS Titanic, is launched from the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, Northern Ireland. 1935 – The Long March ends. 1939 – Pope Pius XII publishes his first major encyclical entitled Summi Pontificatus. 1941 – World War II: Thousands of civilians in Kragujevac in German-occupied Serbia are killed in the Kragujevac massacre. 1943 – The cargo vessel Sinfra is attacked by Allied aircraft at Suda Bay, Crete, and sunk. 2,098 Italian prisoners of war drown with it. 1944 – The Soviet Army and Yugoslav Partisans liberate Belgrade, the capital of Yugoslavia 1944 – Liquid natural gas leaks from storage tanks in Cleveland, then explodes; the explosion and resulting fire level 30 blocks and kill 130. 1944 – General Douglas MacArthur fulfills his promise to return to the Philippines when he commands an Allied assault on the islands, reclaiming them from the Japanese during the Second World War. 1946 – Goverment of Democratic Republic of Vietnam decided that on 20/10 is Vietnam Womens Day 1947 – The House Un-American Activities Committee begins its investigation into Communist infiltration of Hollywood, resulting in a blacklist that prevents some from working in the industry for years. 1947 – United States of America and Pakistan establish diplomatic relations for the first time. 1951 – The Johnny Bright Incident occurs in Stillwater, Oklahoma 1952 – Governor Evelyn Baring declares a state of emergency in Kenya and begins arresting hundreds of suspected leaders of the Mau Mau Uprising, including Jomo Kenyatta, the future first President of Kenya. 1961 – The Soviet Union performs the first armed test of a submarine-launched ballistic missile, launching an R-13 from a Golf class submarine. 1962 – China launches simultaneous offensives in Ladakh and across the McMahon Line, beginning the Sino-Indian War. 1968 – Former First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy marries Greek shipping tycoon Aristotle Onassis. 1970 – Siad Barre declares Somalia a socialist state. 1971 – The Nepal Stock Exchange collapses. 1973 – Saturday Night Massacre: President Richard Nixon fires U.S. Attorney General Elliot Richardson and Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus after they refuse to fire Watergate special prosecutor Archibald Cox, who is finally fired by Robert Bork. 1973 – The Sydney Opera House opens. 1976 – The ferry George Prince is struck by a ship while crossing the Mississippi River between Destrehan and Luling, Louisiana. Seventy-eight passengers and crew die and only 18 people aboard the ferry survive. 1977 – Lynyrd Skynyrds plane crash. 1981 – Two police officers and an armored car guard are killed during an armed robbery in Rockland County, NY, carried out by members of the Black Liberation Army and Weather Underground. 1982 – During the UEFA Cup match between FC Spartak Moscow and HFC Haarlem, 66 people are crushed to death in the Luzhniki disaster. 1991 – The Oakland Hills firestorm kills 25 and destroys 3,469 homes and apartments, causing more than $2 billion in damage. 1991 – A 6.8 Mw earthquake strikes the Uttarkashi region of India, killing more than 1,000 people. 2011 – Libyan civil war: National Transitional Council rebel forces capture ousted Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi in his hometown of Sirte and kill him shortly thereafter. Births[edit] 1463 – Alessandro Achillini, Italian philosopher (d. 1512) 1496 – Claude, Duke of Guise, French general (d. 1550) 1616 – Thomas Bartholin, Danish physician, mathematician, and theologian (d. 1680) 1620 – Aelbert Cuyp, Dutch painter (d. 1691) 1632 – Christopher Wren, English architect, designed St Pauls Cathedral (d. 1723) 1656 – Nicolas de Largillière, French painter (d. 1746) 1660 – Robert Bertie, 1st Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven, English politician (d. 1723) 1677 – Stanisław Leszczyński, Polish king (d. 1766) 1700 – Charlotte Aglaé dOrléans (d. 1761) 1711 – Timothy Ruggles, American military leader and politician (d. 1795) 1719 – Gottfried Achenwall, German economist and jurist (d. 1772) 1740 – Isabelle de Charrière, Dutch author and poet (d. 1805) 1759 – Chauncey Goodrich, American lawyer and politician (d. 1815) 1780 – Pauline Bonaparte, French sister of Napoleon (d. 1825) 1784 – Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1865) 1785 – George Ormerod, English historian and antiquarian (d. 1873) 1801 – Melchior Berri, Swiss architect (d. 1854) 1808 – Karl Andree, German geographer (d. 1875) 1819 – Báb, Iranian founder of Bábism (d. 1850) 1819 – Karol Mikuli, Armenian-Polish pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1897) 1822 – Thomas Hughes, English author (d. 1896) 1832 – Constantin Lipsius, German architect (d. 1894) 1854 – Arthur Rimbaud, French poet (d. 1891) 1858 – John Burns, English politician (d. 1943) 1859 – John Dewey, American philosopher and psychologist (d. 1952) 1864 – James F. Hinkle, American politician, 6th Governor of New Mexico (d. 1951) 1873 – Nellie McClung, Canadian politician and activist (d. 1951) 1874 – Charles Ives, American composer (d. 1954) 1876 – Alexandre Pharamond, French rugby player (d. 1953) 1882 – Bela Lugosi, Hungarian-American actor (d. 1956) 1882 – Margaret Dumont, American actress (d. 1965) 1885 – Jelly Roll Morton, American pianist, bandleader and composer (Red Hot Peppers and New Orleans Rhythm Kings) (d. 1941) 1887 – Prince Yasuhiko Asaka, Japanese founder of a collateral branch of the Japanese imperial family (d. 1981) 1890 – Aleksander Maaker, Estonian bagpipe player (d. 1968) 1891 – Samuel Flagg Bemis, American historian and biographer (d. 1973) 1891 – James Chadwick, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1974) 1893 – Charley Chase, American actor, screenwriter, and director (d. 1940) 1894 – Olive Thomas, American actress (d. 1920) 1895 – Rex Ingram, American actor (d. 1969) 1897 – Yi Un, Korean husband of Bangja, Crown Princess Euimin of Korea (d. 1970) 1900 – Wayne Morse, American lawyer and politician (d. 1974) 1901 – Adelaide Hall, American-English singer, actress, and dancer (d. 1993) 1904 – Tommy Douglas, Scottish-Canadian minister and politician, 7th Premier of Saskatchewan (d. 1986) 1904 – Enolia McMillan, American educator and activist (d. 2006) 1904 – Anna Neagle, English actress (d. 1986) 1905 – Frederic Dannay, American author (d. 1982) 1905 – Arnold Luhaäär, Estonian weightlifter (d. 1965) 1907 – Arlene Francis, American actress and talk show host (d. 2001) 1909 – Carla Laemmle, American actress 1909 – Sugiyama Yasushi, Japanese painter (d. 1993) 1910 – Bob Sheppard, American sportscaster (d. 2010) 1913 – Grandpa Jones, American singer-songwriter and banjo player (d. 1998) 1913 – J. Michael Hagopian, Turkish-American director and producer (d. 2010) 1914 – Fayard Nicholas, American actor, dancer, and choreographer (d. 2006) 1917 – Stéphane Hessel, French diplomat and activist (d. 2013) 1917 – Jean-Pierre Melville, French director (d. 1973) 1917 – X. M. Sellathambu, Sri Lankan Tamil politician 1918 – Robert Lochner, German journalist (d. 2003) 1919 – Tracy Hall, American chemist (d. 2008) 1921 – Hans Warren, Dutch poet and author (d. 2001) 1922 – John Anderson, American actor (d. 1992) 1922 – Franco Ventriglia, American opera singer (d. 2012) 1923 – Robert Craft, American conductor 1925 – Art Buchwald, American columnist (d. 2007) 1925 – Tom Dowd, American record producer (d. 2002) 1925 – Roger Hanin, French actor and director 1927 – Joyce Brothers, American psychologist, columnist, and actress (d. 2013) 1927 – Gunturu Seshendra Sarma, Indian poet (d. 2007) 1931 – Richard Caliguiri, American politician, 54th Mayor of Pittsburgh (d. 1988) 1931 – Mickey Mantle, American baseball player (d. 1995) 1932 – Rosey Brown, American football player (d. 2004) 1932 – William Christopher, American actor 1934 – Bill Chase, American trumpet player (d. 1974) 1934 – Eddie Harris, American saxophonist (d. 1996) 1934 – Empress Michiko of Japan 1935 – Barrie Chase, American actress and dancer 1935 – Jerry Orbach, American actor (d. 2004) 1937 – Wanda Jackson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist 1937 – Juan Marichal, Dominican baseball player 1938 – Emidio Greco, Italian director and screenwriter (d. 2012) 1938 – Iain Macmillan, Scottish photographer (d. 2006) 1940 – Kathy Kirby, English singer (d. 2011) 1940 – Robert Pinsky, American poet 1942 – Earl Hindman, American actor (d. 2003) 1942 – Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, German biologist, Nobel Prize laureate 1942 – Bart Zoet, Dutch cyclist (d. 1992) 1943 – Dunja Vejzović, Croatian soprano 1944 – Nalin de Silva, Sri Lankan physicist and philosopher 1944 – David Mancuso, American party planner, created The Loft 1946 – Lewis Grizzard, American comedian and author (d. 1994) 1946 – Elfriede Jelinek, Austrian author and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate 1946 – Richard Loncraine, English director 1946 – Lucien Van Impe, Belgian cyclist 1948 – Piet Hein Donner, Dutch politician 1948 – Melih Gökçek, Turkish politician, 27th Mayor of Ankara 1950 – Tom Petty, American singer-songwriter and musician (Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, Mudcrutch, and Traveling Wilburys) 1950 – William Russ, American actor 1951 – Al Greenwood, American keyboard player (Foreigner) 1951 – Patrick Hall, English politician 1951 – Ken Ham, Australian evangelist 1951 – Leif Pagrotsky, Swedish politician 1951 – Claudio Ranieri, Italian footballer and manager 1952 – Melanie Mayron, American actress 1953 – Keith Hernandez, American baseball player 1953 – Richard McWilliam, American businessman, co-founded the Upper Deck Company (d. 2013) 1953 – Bill Nunn, American actor 1954 – Steve Orich, American composer 1955 – Robert ten Brink, Dutch television host 1955 – Thomas Newman, American composer and conductor 1955 – David Profumo, English author 1955 – Aaron Pryor, American boxer 1956 – Danny Boyle, English director 1957 – Chris Cowdrey, English cricketer 1957 – Susanna Haavisto, Finnish actress and singer 1957 – Hilda Solis, American politician, 25th United States Secretary of Labor 1958 – Valerie Faris, American director 1958 – Dave Finlay, Irish wrestler 1958 – Lynn Flewelling, American author 1958 – Scott Hall, American wrestler 1958 – Mark King, English singer-songwriter and bass player (Level 42 and Re-Flex) 1958 – Dave Krieg, American football player 1958 – Viggo Mortensen, American actor 1958 – Ivo Pogorelić, Croatian pianist 1959 – Mark Little, Australian actor and comedian 1960 – Konstantin Aseev, Russian chess player (d. 2004) 1960 – Lepa Brena, Yugoslav singer and actress 1961 – Ian Rush, Welsh footballer 1961 – Michie Tomizawa, Japanese voice actress 1962 – David M. Evans, American director and screenwriter 1962 – Dave Wong, Hong Kong-Taiwanese singer-songwriter and actor 1963 – Julie Payette, Canadian astronaut 1963 – Nikos Tsiantakis, Greek footballer 1963 – Stan Valckx, Dutch footballer and manager 1964 – Kamala Harris, American lawyer, 32nd Attorney General of California 1965 – Norman Blake, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist (Teenage Fanclub, BMX Bandits, and Jonny) 1965 – Jil Caplan, French singer-songwriter 1965 – Mikhail Shtalenkov, Russian ice hockey player 1965 – William Zabka, American actor 1966 – Fred Coury, American drummer (Cinderella and London) 1966 – Allan Donald, South African cricketer 1966 – Stefan Raab, German comedian and television host 1966 – Patrick Volkerding, American computer scientist, founded Slackware 1967 – Luigi Lo Cascio, Italian actor 1967 – Elizabeth Carling, English actress and singer 1967 – Luck Mervil, Haitian-Canadian singer-songwriter and actor 1967 – Marco Ngai, Hong Kong actor 1968 – Susan Tully, English actress 1969 – Laurie Daley, Australian rugby player 1969 – Juan González, Puerto Rican baseball player 1969 – Lambros Papakostas, Greek high jumper 1970 – Sander Boschker, Dutch footballer 1970 – Chavo Guerrero, Jr., American wrestler 1970 – Neil Heywood, English-Chinese businessman (d. 2011) 1970 – Aapo Ilves, Estonian writer, artist and musician 1970 – Michelle Malkin, American blogger and author 1971 – Snoop Dogg, American rapper, producer, and actor (Tha Eastsidaz and 213) 1971 – Eddie Jones, American basketball player 1971 – Kamiel Maase, Dutch runner 1971 – Dannii Minogue, Australian singer-songwriter and actress 1971 – Matt Norman, Australian director and producer 1972 – Pie Geelen, Dutch swimmer 1972 – Will Greenwood, England rugby player 1972 – Brian Schatz, American politician, Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii 1974 – Bashar Rahal, American actor 1976 – Nikolaos Bacharidis, Greek footballer 1976 – Nicola Legrottaglie, Italian footballer 1976 – Dan Fogler, American stand-up comedian, actor, musician, playwright, filmmaker, and voice artist 1977 – Matt Jansen, English footballer 1977 – Leila Josefowicz, Canadian-American violinist 1977 – Erko Saviauk, Estonian footballer 1977 – Samuel Witwer, American actor and singer 1978 – Virender Sehwag, Indian cricketer 1978 – Paul Wilson, Scottish bass player and songwriter (Snow Patrol and Terra Diablo) 1979 – Vasyl Baranov, Ukrainian footballer 1979 – Paul Ifill, Barbadian footballer 1979 – John Krasinski, American actor and director 1979 – Paul OConnell, Irish rugby player 1980 – Gary Jarman, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Cribs) 1980 – Niall Matter, Canadian actor 1980 – Jose Veras, Dominican baseball player 1981 – Willis McGahee, American football player 1981 – Dimitrios Papadopoulos, Greek footballer 1982 – Kristian Bak Nielsen, Danish footballer 1982 – Becky Brewerton, Welsh golfer 1982 – Katie Featherston, American actress 1982 – Francisco Javier Rodríguez, Mexican footballer 1983 – Flavio Cipolla, Italian tennis player 1983 – Luis Saritama, Ecuadorian footballer 1983 – Takayuki Yamada, Japanese actor and singer 1984 – Florent Sinama Pongolle, French footballer 1984 – Andrew Trimble, Irish rugby player 1985 – Jennifer Freeman, American actress 1985 – Dominic McGuire, American basketball player 1985 – Alphonso Smith, American football player 1985 – James Sutton, English race car driver 1986 – Wanlop Saechio, Thai footballer 1986 – Priyanka Sharma, Indian actress 1987 – Raphael Hackl, German rugby player 1988 – Ma Long, Chinese table tennis player 1988 – Risa Niigaki, Japanese singer and actress (Morning Musume and Tanpopo) 1988 – Candice Swanepoel, South African model 1989 – Colin Wilson, Canadian-American ice hockey player 1992 – Liis Lemsalu, Estonian singer 1992 – Ksenia Semenova, Russian gymnast 1992 – Mattia De Sciglio, Italian footballer 1992 – Kristian Ipsen, American diver 1994 – Morgan Featherstone, Australian model 1995 – Zhenwei Wang, Chinese actor and martial artist Deaths[edit] 460 – Aelia Eudocia, Byzantine wife of Theodosius II (b. 401) 1139 – Henry X, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1108) 1570 – João de Barros, Portuguese historian (b. 1496) 1631 – Michael Maestlin, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1550) 1640 – John Ball, English clergyman (b. 1585) 1652 – Antonio Coello, Spanish poet and playwright (b. 1611) 1713 – Archibald Pitcairne, Scottish physician (b. 1652) 1740 – Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1685) 1842 – Grace Darling, English heroine (b. 1815) 1865 – Champ Ferguson, American guerrilla (b. 1821) 1870 – Michael William Balfe, Irish composer (b. 1808) 1890 – Richard Francis Burton, English geographer and explorer (b. 1821) 1900 – Naim Frashëri, Albanian poet (b. 1846) 1907 – Said Pasha Kurd, Kurdish statesman (b. 1834) 1910 – David B. Hill, American politician, 29th Governor of New York (b. 1843) 1913 – William Clark, American archer 1926 – Eugene V. Debs, American politician (b. 1855) 1935 – Arthur Henderson, Scottish politician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1863) 1936 – Anne Sullivan, American educator (b. 1866) 1940 – Gunnar Asplund, Swedish architect, co-designed Skogskyrkogården (b. 1885) 1947 – Gilbert Bougnol, French fencer (b. 1866) 1950 – Henry L. Stimson, American statesman, lawyer and politician (b. 1867) 1953 – Werner Baumbach, German pilot (b. 1916) 1957 – Michalis Dorizas, Greek javelin thrower (b. 1890) 1964 – Herbert Hoover, American politician, 31st President of the United States (b. 1874) 1967 – Shigeru Yoshida, Japanese politician, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1878) 1968 – Bud Flanagan, English singer (b. 1896) 1972 – Harlow Shapley, American astronomer (b. 1885) 1977 – Cassie Gaines, American singer (The Honkettes) (b. 1948) 1977 – Steve Gaines, American guitarist (Lynyrd Skynyrd and Detroit (b. 1949) 1977 – Ronnie Van Zant, American singer-songwriter (Lynyrd Skynyrd) (b. 1948) 1978 – Gunnar Nilsson, Swedish race car driver (b. 1948) 1983 – Peter Dudley, English actor (b. 1935) 1983 – Yves Thériault, Canadian author (b. 1915) 1984 – Carl Ferdinand Cori, Czech biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1896) 1984 – Paul Dirac, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902) 1987 – Andrey Kolmogorov, Russian mathematician (b. 1903) 1988 – Sheila Scott, English pilot (b. 1922) 1989 – Anthony Quayle, English actor (b. 1913) 1990 – Joel McCrea, American actor (b. 1905) 1992 – Werner Torkanowsky, German conductor (b. 1926) 1993 – Sugiyama Yasushi, Japanese painter (b. 1909) 1994 – Burt Lancaster, American actor (b. 1913) 1995 – Christopher Stone, American actor (b. 1942) 1999 – Calvin Griffith, Canadian-American businessman (b. 1911) 1999 – Jack Lynch, Irish politician (b. 1917) 2001 – Ted Ammon, American financier and banker (b. 1949) 2002 – Barbara Berjer, American actress (b. 1920) 2002 – Bernard Fresson, French actor (b. 1931) 2003 – Jack Elam, American actor (b. 1918) 2003 – Miodrag Petrović, Serbian actor (b. 1924) 2004 – Anthony Hecht, American poet (b. 1923) 2004 – Chuck Hiller, American baseball player (b. 1934) 2005 – Shirley Horn, American singer and pianist (b. 1934) 2005 – Endon Mahmood, Malaysian wife of Abdullah Ahmad Badawi (b. 1941) 2005 – Eva Švankmajerová, Czech painter and poet (b. 1940) 2006 – Jane Wyatt, American actress (b. 1910) 2007 – Max McGee, American football player (b. 1932) 2007 – Paul Raven, English bass player (Killing Joke, Prong, Ministry, Society 1, Godflesh, and Zilch) (b. 1961) 2008 – Gene Hickerson, American football player (b. 1935) 2010 – Bob Guccione, American publisher, founded Penthouse magazine (b. 1930) 2010 – Eva Ibbotson, Austrian-born British novelist (b. 1925) 2010 – Farooq Leghari, Pakistani politician, 8th President of Pakistan (b. 1940) 2010 – Parthasarathy Sharma, Indian cricketer (b. 1948) 2011 – Muammar Gaddafi, Libyan politician, Prime Minister of Libya (b. 1942) 2011 – Mutassim Gaddafi, Libyan army officer (b. 1977) 2011 – Tone Pavček, Slovenian poet (b. 1928) 2011 – Abu-Bakr Yunis Jabr, Libyan minister of defence (b. 1942) 2012 – Oli Ahad, Bangladeshi politician (b. 1928) 2012 – Jaouad Akaddar, Moroccan footballer (b. 1984) 2012 – Przemysław Gintrowski, Polish poet and composer (b. 1951) 2012 – Paul Kurtz, American academic (b. 1925) 2012 – Daniel Enele Kwanairara, Solomon Islands politician (b. 1947) 2012 – E. Donnall Thomas, American physician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1920) 2012 – Raymond Watson, American businessman (b. 1926) Holidays and observances[edit] Birth of the Báb (Baháí Faith) Christian Feast Day: Acca of Hexham Andrew of Crete Artemius Caprasius of Agen Irene of Tomar John Cantius (Extraordinary Form, celebrated by Traditionalist Catholic) October 20 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) Kenyatta Day (Kenya) Revolution Day, one of the two Patriotic Days (Guatemala) World Osteoporosis Day Spirit Day The International Day of the Air Traffiic cipheronline.co
Posted on: Sun, 20 Oct 2013 04:23:20 +0000
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