geology .... study science asaï-Oriental, Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre) © 2002 John H. Betts Show Diamond Photos (350) Click on an icon to view Diamond no.15 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926) Diamond no.107 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926) Diamond no.108 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926) Diamond no.124 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926) {111} Bournon, 1815, and others. In: V.M. Goldschmidt, Atlas der Krystallformen, 1913-1923 (Diamant). About Crystal Atlas The mindat.org Crystal Atlas allows you to view a selection of crystal drawings of real and idealised crystal forms for this mineral and, in certain cases, 3d rotating crystal objects. The 3d models and HTML5 code are kindly provided by smorf.nl . Toggle Edge Lines | Miller Indicies | Axes Transparency Show Locality List (655 Items) 54 Like 3 Share Locality Updated: Wilsonite Occurrence, La Conception, Les Laurentides From Frédéric Messier Leroux , 24th Aug 2014 05:59:27 Home Page Log In Messageboard The Mindat Directory Register Search Pages Photo Galleries The Mindat Store Diamond This page kindly sponsored by reserved Formula: C System: Isometric Colour: Colourless, yellowish to ... Lustre: Adamantine, Greasy Hardness: 10 Name: From Greek adamas, invincible. First known use by Manlius (A.D. 16) and Pliny (A.D. 100). Polymorph of: Chaoite, Graphite , Lonsdaleite Diamond is the hardest natural substance known. It is formed deep in the mantle, and is only brought to the surface via kimberlite pipes, lamprophyres, eclogites and other rocks that originate deep within the mantle. It is also found in alluvial deposits, along with quartz, corundum, zircon and other minerals, derived from such rocks, and in certain meteorites. The formation processes of the variety carbonado are unclear. Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Diamond. Currently in public beta-test. Classification of Diamond IMA status: Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - Grandfathered Strunz 8th edition ID: 1/B.02-40 Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID: 1.CB.10a 1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides) C : Metalloids and Nonmetals B : Carbon-silicon family Dana 7th edition ID: 1.3.5.1 Dana 8th edition ID: 1.3.6.1 1 : NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS 3 : Semi-metals and non-metals Heys CIM Ref.: 1.24 1 : Elements and Alloys (including the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au) mindat.org URL: mindat.org/min-1282.html Please feel free to link to this page. Occurrences of Diamond Geological Setting: Deep volcanic intrusives such as kimberlites. With decreasing pressure the diamonds dissolve back into the rock. To occur at the surface they must arrive from depth quickly and all xls show dissolution features. Being so hard they survive in alluvia. Physical Properties of Diamond Lustre: Adamantine, Greasy Diaphaneity (Transparency): Transparent, Translucent, Opaque Colour: Colourless, yellowish to yellow, brown, black, blue, green or red, pink, champagne-tan, cognac-brown, lilac (very rare) Streak: none Hardness (Mohs): 10 Hardness Data: Mohs hardness reference species Tenacity: Brittle Cleavage: Perfect Perfect octahedral {111} Fracture: Irregular/Uneven Density (measured): 3.5 - 3.53 g/cm3 Density (calculated): 3.515 g/cm3 Crystallography of Diamond Crystal System: Isometric Class (H-M): m 3 m ( 4/ m 3 2/ m) - Hexoctahedral Space Group: Fd 3 m Space Group Setting: Fd 3 m Cell Parameters: a = 3.5595Å Unit Cell Volume: V 45.10 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell) Z: 8 Morphology: Octahedral crystals also dodecahedrons, cubes, tetrahedral. Often has curved faces Twinning: macle is a spinel twin {111} Crystal Atlas: Structure Reference Wyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York . Crystal Structures 1:7-83. Show Unit Cell | Structure | Polyhedra Style Black Background | White Background Rotation Stop | Start Labels Label Atoms | Off More Crystal Structures Click here to view more crystal structures at the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Optical Data of Diamond Type: Isotropic RI values: n α = 2.435 Birefringence: Strain birefringence common (Raman and Rendall, 1944; Lang 1967). Maximum Birefringence: δ = 2.435 - Isotropic minerals have no birefringence Surface Relief: Moderate Dispersion: Strong Pleochroism: Non-pleochroic Chemical Properties of Diamond Formula: C Essential elements: C All elements listed in formula: C CAS Registry number: 7782-40-3 CAS Registry numbers are published by the American Chemical Society Relationship of Diamond to other Species Common Associates: Pyrope Phlogopite Ilmenite Forsterite Diopside Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping): - + 1.CB.05b Chaoite C 1.CB.05a Graphite C 1.CB.05c Fullerite C 60 1.CB.10b Lonsdaleite C 1.CB.15 Silicon Si Related Minerals - Heys Index Grouping: - + 1.1 Copper Cu 1.2 Silver Ag 1.5 Gold Au 1.6 Auricupride Cu3 Au 1.7 Tetra-auricupride AuCu 1.8 Zinc Zn 1.9 Cadmium Cd 1.10 Danbaite CuZn2 1.11 Zhanghengite CuZn 1.12 Mercury Hg 1.13 Kolymite Cu7 Hg6 1.14 Moschellandsbergite Ag 2 Hg3 1.15 Eugenite Ag 11 Hg2 1.16 Schachnerite Ag 1.1 Hg0.9 1.17 Paraschachnerite Ag 3 Hg2 1.18 Luanheite Ag 3 Hg 1.19 Weishanite (Au,Ag) 3 Hg2 1.20 Indium In 1.21 Aluminium Al 1.22 Khatyrkite (Cu,Zn)Al 2 1.23 Cupalite (Cu,Zn)Al 1.25 Graphite C 1.26 Chaoite C 1.27 Lonsdaleite C 1.28 Silicon Si 1.29 Tin Sn 1.30 Lead Pb 1.31 Anyuiite Au(Pb,Sb) 2 1.31 Novodneprite AuPb3 1.32 Leadamalgam Pb 0.7 Hg0.3 1.33 Arsenic As 1.34 Arsenolamprite As 1.35 Paxite CuAs 2 1.36 Koutekite Cu5 As 2 1.37 Domeykite Cu3 As 1.38 Algodonite (Cu 1-x Asx) 1.39 Novakite Cu20 AgAs10 1.40 Kutinaite Ag 6 Cu14 As 7 1.41 Antimony Sb 1.42 Stibarsen AsSb 1.43 Paradocrasite Sb 3 As 1.44 Horsfordite Cu, Sb 1.45 Cuprostibite Cu2 (Sb,Tl) 1.46 Allargentum (Ag 1-x Sb x) 1.47 Aurostibite AuSb2 1.48 Dyscrasite Ag 3 Sb 1.49 Bismuth Bi 1.50 Maldonite Au2 Bi 1.51 Sulphur S8 1.52 Rosickýite S 1.53 Selenium Se 1.54 Tellurium Te 1.55 Chromium Cr 1.56 Rhenium Re 1.57 Iron Fe 1.58 Chromferide Fe 3 Cr 1-x (x=0.6) 1.59 Ferchromide Cr 3 Fe 1-x 1.60 Wairauite CoFe 1.61 Nickel Ni 1.62 Kamacite (Fe,Ni) 1.63 Taenite (Fe,Ni) 1.64 Tetrataenite FeNi 1.65 Awaruite Ni 3 Fe 1.66 Palladium (Pd,Pt) 1.67 Potarite PdHg 1.68 Paolovite Pd2 Sn 1.69 Stannopalladinite (Pd,Cu) 3 Sn 2 1.70 Cabriite Pd2 CuSn 1.71 Taimyrite-I (Pd,Cu,Pt) 3 Sn 1.72 Atokite (Pd,Pt) 3 Sn 1.73 Rustenburgite (Pt,Pd) 3 Sn 1.74 Zvyagintsevite (Pd,Pt,Au) 3 (Pb,Sn) 1.75 Plumbopalladinite Pd3 Pb 2 1.76 Osmium (Os,Ir,Ru) 1.77 Iridium (Ir,Os,Ru) 1.82 Platinum Pt 1.83 Hongshiite PtCu 1.84 Niggliite PtSn 1.85 Isoferroplatinum Pt 3 Fe 1.86 Tetraferroplatinum PtFe 1.87 Tulameenite Pt 2 CuFe 1.88 Ferronickelplatinum Pt 2 FeNi 1.89 Rhodium (Rh,Pt) Related Minerals - Dana Grouping): - + 1.3.5.2 Graphite C 1.3.5.3 Lonsdaleite C 1.3.5.4 Chaoite C 1.3.5.5 Fullerite C 60 Other Names for Diamond Synonyms: Crinkled Stone Diamaunde Moonlight Diamonds Other Languages: Afrikaans: Diamant Arabic: ﺃﻟﻤﺎﺱ Armenian: Ադամանդ Basque: Diamante Belarusian: Алмаз Belarusian (Tarashkevitsa): Алмаз Bishnupriya Manipuri: ডিয়ামান্টে Bosnian (Latin Script): Dijamant Bulgarian: Диамант Catalan: Diamant Croatian: Dijamant Czech: Diamant Danish: Diamant Dutch: Diamant Esperanto: Diamanto Estonian: Teemant Faroese: Diamantar Finnish: Timantti French: Diamant Galician: Diamante Georgian: ბრილიანტი German: Diamant Ademant Oesterreicher Greek: Διαμάντι Hakka: Tson-sa̍k Hebrew: יהלום Hindi: हीरा Hungarian: Gyémánt Icelandic: Demantur Indonesian: Intan Italian: Diamante Japanese: ダイヤモンド 金剛石 鑽石 Korean: 다이아몬드 Latin: Adamas Adamas, punctum lapidis pretiosior auro Latvian: Dimants Lithuanian: Deimantas Lojban: krilytabno Lombard: Diamaant Macedonian: Дијамант Malay: Berlian Malayalam: വജ്രം Marathi: हिरा Min Nan: Soān-chio̍h Mongolian (Cyrillic Script): Алмааз Norwegian (Bokmål): Diamant Norwegian (Nynorsk): Diamant Persian: ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺱ Polish: Diament Portuguese: Diamante Quechua: Qispi umiña Romanian: Diamant Russian: Алмаз Serbian (Cyrillic Script): Дијамант Serbo-Croatian: Dijamant Simplified Chinese: 金刚石 Slovak: Diamant Slovenian: Diamant Spanish: Diamante Swahili: Almasi Swedish: Diamant Tagalog: Diyamante Tamil: வைரம் Telugu: వజ్రం Thai: เพชร Traditional Chinese: 鑽石 Turkish: Elmas Ukrainian: Алмаз Vietnamese: Kim cương Varieties: Bort Carbonado Nano-Polycrystalline Diamond Stewartite (of Sutton) Yakutite Other Information Fluorescence in UV light: Some - blue, also phosphorescent Electrical: Triboelectric Thermal Behaviour: Greatest themal conductivity known. A sizeable stone held in the hand feels cold, hence the slang name ice Health Warning: No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care. External Links Search for toxicity information at the United States National Library of Medicine Industrial Uses: Cutting and grinding due to extreme hardness. Used for window on Venera space craft to photograph Venus surface References for Diamond Reference List: - + Goeppert, H.R. (1864) Ueber Einschlusse im Diamont. Haarlem: De Erven Loosjes. Emmanuel, H. (1867) Diamonds and Precious Stones; Their History, Value, and Distinguishing Characteristics, 266pp., London. Lindley, A.F., Capt. (1873) Adamantia - The Truth about the South African Diamond Fields. WH&L Collingridge, London. Richmond, J.F. (1873) Diamonds, Unpolished and Polished. New York: Nelson & Phillips. Dieulafait, Louis (1874) Diamonds and Precious Stones. London: Blackie & Son. Reunert, Theodore (1893) Diamonds and Gold in South Africa. London: E. Stanford. Bonney, T.G., Prof., editor (1897). Papers and Notes (of H.C. Lewis) on the Genesis and Matrix of the Diamond. Longmans, Green & Co., London, New York and Bombay. Williams, Gardner F. (1902) The Diamond Mines of South Africa - Some Account of their Rise and Development. Crookes, Wm. (1909) Diamonds. London; Harper Brothers, first edition. Cattelle, W.R. (1911) The Diamond. New York, John Lane Co. Fersmann, A. von and Goldschmidt, V. (1911) Der Diamant, 274pp. and atlas Heidelberg. Smith, M.N. (1913) Diamonds, Pearls, and Precious Stones. Boston: Griffith-Stillings Press. Laufer, berthold (1915) The Diamond - A Study in Chinese and Hellenistic Flklore. Chicago: Field Museum. Wade, F.B. (1916) Diamonds - A Study of the Factors that Govern their Value. New York: Knickerbocker Press. Sutton, J.R. (1928) Diamond, a descriptive treatise. 114 pp., London: Murby & Co.. Farrington, O.C. (1929) Famous Diamonds. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History Geology Leaflet 10. Palache, C. (1932), American Mineralogist: 17: 360. Williams, Alpheus F. (1932) The Genesis of the Diamond. 2 volumes, 636 pp. London. Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 834pp.: 146-151. Raman, C.V., Rendall, G.R. (1944) Birefringence patterns in diamond. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Science, A19, 265-273. Fersman, A.E. (1955) (A Treatise on the Diamond) Kristallgrafiya Almaza Redaktsiya Kommentarri Akadeika. Izdatelstvo Akademii: Nauk, CCCP. du Plessis, J.H. (1961) Diamonds are Dangerous. New York: John Day Co., first edition. Tolansky, S. (1962) The History and Use of Diamond. London: Methuen & Co. Champion, F.C. (1963) Electronic Properties of Diamonds. Butterworths, London, 132pp. Berman, E. (1965) Physical Properties of Diamond, Oxford, Clarendon Press Van der laan, H.L. (1965) Te Sierra Leone Diamonds. Oxford: University Press. McIver, J.R. (1966) Gems, Minerals and Diamonds in South Africa. Lang, A.R. (1967) Causes of Birefringence in Diamond. Nature, 213, 248-251. Chrenko, R., McDonald, R., and Darrow, K. (1967) Infra-red spectrum of diamond coat. Nature: 214: 474-476. Meen, V.B. and Tushingham, A.D. (1968) Crown Jewels of Iran, University of Toronto Press, 159pp. Lenzen, Godehard (1970) The History of Diamond Production and the Diamond Trade. New York: Praeger Pub. Bardet, M.G. (1973-1977), Géologie du diamant, Volumes 1 thru 3, Orléans. Giardini, A.A., Hurst, V.J., Melton, C.E., John, C., and Stormer, J. (1974) Biotite as a primary inclusion in diamond: Its nature and significance American Mineralogist: 59: 783-789. Smith, N.R. (1974) Users Guide to Industrial Diamonds. London: Hutchinson Benham. Prinz, M., Manson, D.V., Hlava, P.F., and Keil, K. (1975) Inclusions in diamonds: Garnet Iherzolite and eclogite assemblages Pysics and Chemistry of the Earth: 9: 797-815. Treasures of the USSR Diamond Fund (1975) (in Russian with limited English). Orlov, Y.L. (1977): The mineralogy of diamond. Wiley & Sons, 235 pp. Bruton, Eric (1978) Diamonds. Radnor: Chlton 2nd. edition Gurney, J.J., Harris, J.W., and Rickard, R.S. (1979) Silicate and oxide inclusions in diamonds from the Finsch kimberlite pipe. In F.R. Boyd and H.O.A. Meyer, Eds., Kimberlites, Diatremes and Diamonds: their Geology and Petrology and Geochemistry, Vol. 1: 1-15. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C. Pollak, Isaac, G.G. (1979) The World of the Diamond, 2nd. printing. Exposition Press, Hicksville, New York, 127 pp. Legrand, Jacques, et al (1980) Diamonds Myth, Magic and Reality. Crown Publishers, Inc., New York. Newton, C.M. (1980) A Barrel of Diamonds. New York: published by the author. Devlin, Stuart (undated) From the Diamonds of Argyle to the Champagne Jewels of Stuart Devlin (Goldsmith to the Queen). Sing Lee Pfrinting Fty., Ltd. Hong Kong. Lang, A.R. and Walmsley, J.C. (1983) Apatite inclusions in natural diamond coat. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 9: 6-8. Milledge, H., Mendelssohn, M., Woods, P., Seal, M., Pillinger, C., Mattey, D., Carr, L., and Wright, I. (1984) Isotopic variations in diamond in relation to cathodluminescence. Acta Crystallographica, Section A: Foundations of Crystallography: 40: 255. Sunagawa, I. (1984) Morphology of natural and synthetic diamond crystals. In I. Sunagawa, Ed., Materials Science of the Earths Interior: 303-330. Terra Scientific, Tokyo. Grelick, G.R. (1985) Diamond, Ruby, Emerald, and Sapphire Facts. Meyer, H.O.A. and McCallum, M.E. (1986) Mineral inclusions in diamonds from the Sloan kimberlites, Colorado. Journal of Geology: 94: 600-612. Meyer, H.O.A. (1987) Inclusions in diamond. In P.H. Nixon, Ed., Mantle Xenoliths: 501-522. Wiley, New York. Navon, O., Hutcheon, I.D., Rossman, G.R., and Wasserberg, G.J. (1988) Mantle-Derived Fluids in Diamond Microinclusions. Nature: 335: 784-789. Sobolev, N.V. and Shatsky, V.S. (1990) Diamond inclusions in garnets from metamorphic rocks: a new environment for diamond formation. Nature: 343: 742-746. Guthrie, G.D., Veblen, D.R., Navon, O., and Rossman, G.R. (1991) Submicrometer fluid inclusions in turbid-diamond coats. Earth and Planetary Science Letters: 105(1-3): 1-12. Harlow, G.E. and Veblen, D.R. (1991) Potassium in clinopyroxene inclusions from diamonds. Science: 251: 652-655. Navon, O. (1991) High internal-pressures in diamond fluid inclusions determined by infrared- absorption. Nature: 353: 746-748. Gems & Gemmology (1992): 28: 234-254. Harris, J. (1992) Diamond Geology. In J. Field, Ed., The Properties of Natural and Synthetic Diamonds, vol. 58A(A-K): 384-385. Academic Press, U.K. Walmsley, J.C. and Lang, A.R. (1992a) On submicrometer inclusions in diamond coat: Crystallography and composition of ankerites and related rhombohedral carbonates. Mineralogical Magazine: 56: 533-543. Walmsley, J.C. and Lang, A.R. (1992b) Oriented biotite inclusions in diamond coat. Mineralogical Magazine: 56: 108-111. Harris, Harvey (1994) Fancy Color Diamonds. Fancoldi Registered Trust, Lichtenstein. Schrauder, M. and Navon, O. (1994) Hydrous and carbonatitic mantle fluids in fibrous diamonds from Jwaneng, Botswana. Geochmica et Cosmochimica Acta: 58: 761-771. Bulanova, G.P. (1995) The formation of diamond. Journal of Geochemical Exploration: 53(1-3): 1-23. Shatsky, V.S., Sobolev, N.V., and Vavilov, M.A. (1995) Diamond-bearing metamorphic rocks of the Kokchetav massif (Northern Kazakhstan). In R.G. Coleman and X. Wang, Eds., Ultrahigh Pressure Metamorphism: 427-455. Cambridge University Press, U.K. Marshall, J.M. (1996) Diamonds Magnified. Nappanee Evangel Press, second edition. Schrauder, M., Koeberl, C., and Navon, O. (1996) Trace element analyses of fluid-bearing diamonds from Jwaneng, Botswana, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta: 60: 4711-4724. Sobolev, N., Kaminsky, F., Griffin, W., Yefimova, E., Win, T., Ryan, C., and Botkunov, A. (1997) Mineral inclusions in diamonds from the Sputnik kimberlite pipe, Yakutia. Lithos: 39: 135-157. Navon, O. (1999) Formation of diamonds in the earths mantle. In J. Gurney, S. Richardson, and D. Bell, Eds., Proceedings of the 7th International Kimberlite Conference: 584-604. Red Roof Designs, Cape Town. Taylor, L.A., Keller, R.A., Snyder, G.A., Wang, W.Y., Carlson, W.D., Hauri, E.H., McCandless, T., Kim, K.R., Sopbolev, N.V., and Bezborodov, S.M. (2000) Diamonds and their mineral inclusions, and what they tell us: A detailed pull-apart of a diamondiferous eclogite. International Geology Review: 42: 959-983. Kaminsky, Felix V. and Galina K. Khachatryan (2001) Characteristics of nitrogen and other impurities in diamond, as revealed by infrared absorption data. Canadian Mineralogist: 39(6): 1733-1745. Izraeli, E.S., Harris, J.W., and Navon, O. (2001) Brine inclusions in diamonds: a new upper mantle fluid. Earth and Planetary Science Letters: 18: 323-332. Kendall, Leo P. (2001) Diamonds Famous & Fatal, The History, Mystery & Lore of the Worlds Most Precious Gem, Baricade Books, Fort Lee, NJ, 236 pp. (IBN 1-56980-202-5) Hermann, J. (2003) Experimental evidence for diamond-facies metamorphism in the Dora-Maira massif. Lithos: 70: 163-182. Klein-BenDavid, O., Izraeli, E.S., and Navon, O. (2003a) Volatile-rich brine and melt in Canadian diamonds. 8th. International Kimberlite Conference, Extended abstracts, FLA_0109, 22-27 June 2003, Victoria, Canada. Klein-BenDavid, O., Logvinova, A.M., Izraeli, E., Sobolev, N.V., and Navon, O. (2003b) Sulfide melt inclusions in Yubileinayan (Yakutia) diamonds. 8th. International Kimberlite Conference, Extended abstracts, FLA_0111, 22-27 June 2003, Victoria, Canada. Logvinova, A.M., Klein-BenDavid, O., Izraeli E.S., Navon, O., and Sobolev, N.V. (2003) Microinclusions in fibrous diamonds from Yubilenaya kimberlite pipe (Yakutia). In 8th International Kimberlite Conference, Extended abstracts, FLA_0025, 22-27 June 2003, Victoria, Canada. Navon, O., Izraeli, E.S., and Klein-BenDavid, O. (2003) Fluid inclusions in diamonds: the Carbonatitic connection. 8th International Kimberlite Conference, Extended abstracts, FLA_0107, 22-27 June 2003, Victoria, Canada. Izraeli, E.S., Harris, J.W., and Navon, O. (2004) Fluid and mineral inclusions in cloudy diamonds from Koffiefontein, South Africa Geochmica et Cosmochimica Acta: 68: 2561-2575. Klein-BenDavid, O., Izraeli, E.S., Hauri, E., and Navon, O. (2004) Mantle fluid evolution - tale of one diamond. Lithos: 77: 243-253. Hwang, S.-L., Shen, P., Chu, H.-T., Yui, T.-F., Liou, J.G., Sobolev, N.V., and Shatsky, V.S. (2005) Crust-derived potassic fluid in metamorphic microdiamond. Earth and Planetary Science Letters: 231: 295. Klein-BenDavid, O., Wirth, R., and Navon, O. (2006) TEM imaging and analysis of microinclusions in diamonds: A close look at diamond-growing fluids. American Mineralogist: 91: 353-365. J. Garai, S. E. Haggerty, S. Rekhi & M. Chance (2006): Infrared Absorption Investigations Confirm the Extraterrestrial Origin of Carbonado- Diamonds. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 653, L153-L156. [ fiu.edu/~jgara002/ research%20statement/carbonado/ carbonado-2006.pdf ] J. J. Gurney, H. H. Helmstaedt, S. H. Richardson, and S. B. Shirey (2010): Diamonds through Time. Economic Geology 105, 689-712. Tappert, R. & Tappert, M. C. (2011): Diamonds in Nature: a guide to rough diamonds. Springer, 142 pp. Shkodzinsky V. S. (2011): Nature of different compositions of inclusions in diamond. Zapiski RMO (Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society) 140, 92-99 (in Russian). Steven B. Shirey and James E. Shigley (2013): Recent Advances in Understanding the Geology of Diamonds. Gems & Gemology 49, 188-222. Mindat.org articles about Diamond Article entries: U.S. Gem Industries: Labor Day 2000 Scott L. Ritchie TGMS 2008 - The Crater of Diamonds Jolyon & Katya Ralph The Mystery of the Cleveland Diamond Daniel Russell Internet Links for Diamond Search Engines: Look for Diamond on Google Look for Diamond images on Google External Links: Look for Diamond on Webmineral Look for Diamond on Athena Mineralogy Look for Diamond on Wikipedia Look for Diamond on Mineralien Atlas Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Diamond details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF) Mineral Dealers: High-end worldwide specimens & outstanding customer service Buy minerals from YourMineralCollection Lapis Mineral Magazin Rare and Unusual minerals at Mineralogical Research Company rare and unusual minerals mainly crystallized DAKOTA MATRIX offers Cabinet and Rare Species from Worldwide Localities. 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