4th & 5th – GENERATION COMPUTER (1975 – 1990 – Present) Fourth Generation: Very Large Scale Integration (1975 to present) The fourth generation computers use VLSI chips for both CPU and memory. The VLSI technology allowed millions of transistors on a single chip. This high density of fabrication directly affected the size and sped of the machine. With heavy drop in price, it was feasible for single individual to have his/her own computer. Some of the achievements in this generations are: RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computers) was introduced. Superscalar computers and personal computers were introduced. User friendly and fast computer with virtual technology is available in the market. Progress in neural network and AI has helped to produce intelligent machines that the fifth generation computers are under development stage. Highly developed can learn, adopt and analyze the knowledge itself. Improvement on distributed system, and network communication system. Examples of fourth generation computers are: Apple Macintosh, IBM PCs etc. Fifth Generation: (Present and Beyond) The fifth generation computers are under development stage. Highly developed countries such as have undertaken projects to design and develop such computers. These computers will use ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) chips. There will be progress on intelligent system and expert system to develop intelligent computers which can have vision, learning ability, object recognition and synthesis ability, natural language understanding ability. The input and output of the computes will be in the form of speech and graphic
Posted on: Sat, 22 Jun 2013 09:11:37 +0000
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