Brooke Guevarra is from Missouri. She says the South were TRAITORS during the War Between The States. Yet her home state was a SLAVE state of the Union AND supplied soldiers and materiel to the Confederate States of America. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missouri_in_the_American_Civil_War In the Civil War, Missouri was a border state that sent men, armies, generals, and supplies to both opposing sides, had its star on both flags, had separate governments representing each side, and endured a neighbor-against-neighbor intrastate war within the larger national war. By the end of the Civil War Missouri had supplied nearly 110,000 troops to the Union and about 40,000 troops for the Confederate Army. ... Missouri was initially settled by Southerners coming up the Mississippi River and Missouri River. Many brought along a few slaves. Missouri entered the Union in 1821 as a slave state following the Missouri Compromise of 1820, in which Congress agreed that no state north of 36°30 (Missouris southern border with Arkansas) could enter the Union as a slave state. Maine entered the Union as a free state in the compromise to balance Missouri. ... Dred Scott Decision[edit] Main article: Dred Scott v. Sandford Against the background of Bleeding Kansas, the case of Dred Scott, a slave who in 1846 sued in St. Louis, Missouri, for his freedom because he had been taken to a free state, reached the U.S. Supreme Court. The Court in 1857 ruled not only that slaves would not be free simply if they entered a free state, negating the earlier Federal law, but further ruled that no person of African descent was a US citizen and, therefore, had no legal standing, nor could they initiate any legal action in any court regardless of the merit of that action. While the decision helped calm the skirmishes between Missouri and Kansas residents, it was to enrage abolitionists and ratchet up the vitriolic rhetoric that was to lead to the war. .... By 1860, Missouris initial southern settlers had been supplanted with a more diversified non-slave holding population, including many northerners, German and Irish immigrants. With war seeming inevitable, Missouri thought it could stay out of the conflict by remaining in the Union, but staying neutral—not giving men or supplies to either side and pledging to fight troops from either side who entered the state. The policy was first put forth in 1860 by outgoing Governor Robert Marcellus Stewart, who had Northern leanings. It was notionally reaffirmed by incoming Governor Claiborne Jackson, who had Southern leanings. Jackson however, stated in his inaugural address that in case of Federal coercion of southern states, Missouri should support and defend her sister southern states. A Constitutional Convention to discuss secession was convened with Sterling Price presiding. The delegates voted to stay in the Union and supported the neutrality position. Presidential electoral votes by state in 1860. In the United States presidential election, 1860, Abraham Lincoln received only 10 percent of the states votes, while 71 percent favored either John Bell or Stephen A. Douglas, both of whom wanted the status quo to remain (Douglas was to narrowly win the Missouri vote over Bell—the only state Douglas carried besides New Jersey) with the remaining 19 percent siding with Southern Democrat John C. Breckinridge. ... Missouri demographics in 1860[edit] According to the 1860 U.S. Census, Missouris total population was 1,182,012, of which 114,931 (9.7%) were slaves. Most of the slaves were in rural areas rather than cities. ... Frémont Emancipation[edit] John C. Frémont replaced Lyon as commander of the Department of the West. Following the Wilsons Creek battle, he imposed martial law on the state and issued an order freeing the slaves of Missourians who were in rebellion. The property, real and personal, of all persons in the State of Missouri who shall take up arms against the United States, and who shall be directly proven to have taken active part with their enemies in the field, is declared to be confiscated to the public use; and their slaves, if any they have, are hereby declared free.[8] This was not a general emancipation in the state as it did not extend to slaves owned by citizens who remained loyal. Lincoln, fearing the emancipation would enrage neutral Missourians and slave states in Union control, granted Governor Gambles request to rescind the emancipation and ease martial law. ... General Order No. 11[edit] Main article: General Order № 11 (1863) In 1863 following the Lawrence Massacre in Kansas, Union General Thomas Ewing, Jr. accused farmers in rural Missouri of either instigating the attack or supporting it. He issued General Order No. 11 which forced the evacuation of all residents of rural areas of the four counties (Jackson, Cass, Bates and Vernon) south of the Missouri River on the Kansas border to leave their property, which was then burned. The order applied to farmers regardless of loyalty, although those who could prove their loyalty to the Union could stay in designated towns and those who could not were exiled entirely. Among those forced to leave were Kansas City founder John Calvin McCoy and its first mayor, William S. Gregory. ... The ex-Confederate/Democratic resurgence also defeated efforts to empower Missouris African-American population, and ushered in the states version of Jim Crow legislation. (This was motivated both by widespread racial prejudice and concerns that former slaves were likely to be reliable Republican voters.) ... Many newspapers in the 1870s Missouri were vehement in their opposition to national Radical Republican policies, for political, economic, and racial reasons. The outlaws James-Younger gang was to capitalize on this and become folk heroes as they robbed banks and trains while getting sympathetic press from the states newspapers—most notably the Kansas City Times. Jesse James, who killed with bushwacker Bloody Bill Anderson at Centralia, was to excuse his murder of a resident of Gallatin, during a bank robbery, saying he thought he was killing Samuel P. Cox, who had hunted down Anderson after Centralia. In addition, the vigilante activities of the Bald Knobbers in south-central Missouri during the 1880s have been interpreted by some as a further continuation of Civil War related guerrilla warfare.[15]
Posted on: Thu, 10 Jul 2014 17:39:32 +0000
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