Darwinian Henchmen who lack the ability to READ and COMPREHEND are - TopicsExpress



          

Darwinian Henchmen who lack the ability to READ and COMPREHEND are now using this paper as support for Random mutation, but that problem could be easily solved by them actually READING and COMPREHENDING their own citation: In response to an assault by foreign organisms, peripheral B cells can change their antibody affinity and isotype by somatically mutating their genomic DNA. The ability of a cell to modify its DNA is exceptional in light of the potential consequences of genetic alterations to cause human disease and cancer. Thus, as expected, this mechanism of antibody diversity is tightly regulated and coordinated through one protein, activation induced deaminase (AID). AID produces diversity by converting cytosine to uracil within the immunoglobulin loci. The deoxyuracil residue is mutagenic when paired with deoxyguanosine, since it mimics thymidine during DNA replication. Additionally, B cells can manipulate the DNA repair pathways so that deoxyuracils are not faithfully repaired. Therefore, an intricate balance exists which is regulated at multiple stages to promote mutation of immunoglobulin genes, while retaining integrity of the rest of the genome. Here we discuss and summarize the current understanding of how AID functions to cause somatic hypermutation. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2954419/
Posted on: Wed, 24 Sep 2014 16:51:00 +0000

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