Gottfried Feder From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Gottfried Feder Born (1883-01-27)27 January 1883 Würzburg, Bavaria, German Empire Died 24 September 1941(1941-09-24) (aged 58) Murnau am Staffelsee, Germany Nationality German Institution Berlin Institute of Technology Field Urbanism School/tradition National Socialism Alma mater Humboldt University of Berlin Influenced Adolf Hitler, Uzō Nishiyama Contributions National Socialism Strasserism Anti-capitalism Planned community Gottfried Feder (27 January 1883 – 24 September 1941) was a German economist and one of the early key members of the Nazi Party. He was their economic theoretician. Initially, it was his lecture in 1919 that drew Hitler into the party.[1] Contents 1 Biography 1.1 1920s 1.2 Nazi Germany 2 Footnotes 3 See also 4 External links Biography[edit]Feder was born in Würzburg, Germany on 27 January 1883 as the son of civil servant Hanse Feder and Mathilde Feder (née Luz). After attending humanistic schools in Ansbach and Munich, he studied engineering in Berlin and Zürich (Switzerland); after graduating, he founded a construction company in 1908 that subsequently was particularly active in Bulgaria where it built a number of official buildings. From 1917 on, Feder studied financial politics and economics on his own; he developed a hostility towards wealthy bankers during World War I and wrote a manifesto on breaking the shackles of interest (Brechung der Zinsknechtschaft) in 1919. This was soon followed by the founding of a task force dedicated to those goals that demanded a nationalisation of all banks and an abolition of interest. In the same year, Feder, together with Anton Drexler, Dietrich Eckart and Karl Harrer, was involved in the founding of the Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (German Workers Party-DAP).[2] Adolf Hitler met him in summer 1919, and Feder became his mentor in finance and economics. He was the inspirer of Hitlers opposition to Jewish finance capitalism.[3] 1920s[edit]In February 1920, together with Adolf Hitler and Anton Drexler, Feder drafted the so-called 25 points which summed up the partys views, and introduced his own anti-capitalist views into the program. When the paper was announced on 24 February 1920, more than 2,000 people attended the rally. In an attempt to make the party more broadly appealing to larger segments of the population, the DAP was renamed in February 1920 to the Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (National Socialist German Workers Party-NSDAP), more commonly known as the Nazi Party.[4] Feder took part in the partys Beer Hall Putsch in November 1923. After Hitlers arrest, he remained one of the leaders of the party and was elected to the Reichstag in 1924, where he stayed until 1936 and demanded the freezing of interest rates and dispossession of Jewish citizens. He remained one of the leaders of the anti-capitalistic wing of the NSDAP, and published several papers, including National and social bases of the German state (1920), Das Programm der NSDAP und seine weltanschaulichen Grundlagen (The programme of the NSDAP and the world views its based on, 1927) and Was will Adolf Hitler? (What does Adolf Hitler want?, 1931). Feder briefly dominated the NSDAPs official views on financial politics, but after he became chairman of the partys economic council in 1931, his anti-capitalist views led to a great decline in financial support from Germanys major industrialists. Following pressure from Walther Funk, Albert Voegler, Gustav Krupp, Friedrich Flick, Fritz Thyssen, Hjalmar Schacht and Emil Kirdorf, Hitler decided to move the party away from Feders economic views; when Hitler became Reichskanzler in 1933, he appointed Feder as under-secretary at the ministry of economics in July. This disappointed Feder, who had hoped for a much higher position. Nazi Germany[edit]Feder continued to write papers, putting out Kampf gegen die Hochfinanz (The Fight against high finance, 1933) and the anti-semitic Die Juden (The Jews, 1933); in 1934, he became Reichskommissar (Reich commissioner). In 1939 he wrote Die Neue Stadt (the New City). This can be considered a Nazi attempt at Garden City building. Here he proposed creating agricultural cities of 20,000 people divided into nine autonomous units and surrounded by agricultural areas. Each city was to be fully autonomous and self-sufficient; detailed plans for daily living and urban amenities are taken into consideration. Unlike other garden city theorists, he believed that urban areas could be reformed by subdividing the existing built environment into self-sufficient neighborhoods. This idea of creating clusters of self-contained neighbourhoods forming a mid-sized city was popularised by Uzō Nishiyama in Japan. It would later be applied in the era of Japanese New Town construction.[5] However, despite his implementation of the blood and soil ideology of the Nazis, decentralized factories, generals and Junkers successfully opposed him.[6] Generals objected because it interfered with rearmament, and Junkers because it would prevent their exploiting their estates for the international market.[7] After the Night of the Long Knives in June 1934, where SA leaders like Ernst Röhm and left leaning party officials like Gregor Strasser were liquidated, Feder began to withdraw from the government,[citation needed] finally becoming a professor at the Technische Hochschule in Berlin in December 1936, where he stayed until his death in Murnau on 24 September 1941. Footnotes[edit]^ Dornberg, John (1982). Munich 1923. New York: Harper & Row. p. 344. ISBN 978-0-06-038025-0. |accessdate= requires |url= (help) ^ Kershaw, Ian (2008). Hitler: A Biography, New York: W. W. Norton & Company, p. 82. ^ Kershaw, Ian (2001) [1991]. Hitler: A Profile in Power, Chapter I, London. ^ Kershaw (2008). Hitler: A Biography, p. 87. ^ Hein, Carola, Visionary Plans and Planners. In Japanese Capitals in Historical Perspective (Fiévé, Waley eds.) RoutledgeCurzon. ^ Grunberger, Richard, The 12-Year Reich, pp. 153–4, ISBN 0-03-076435-1. ^ Grunberger, The 12-Year Reich, p. 154. See also[edit]Strasserism External links[edit]Das Programm des NSDAP und sein weltshauliched Grundgedanken The Program of the NSDAR and its Ideological Foundations by Gottfreid Feder at archive.org Programme of the Party of Hitler, the NSDAP and its General Conceptions in English Das Manifest zur Brechung der Zinsknechtschaft des Geldes The Manifesto for Breaking the Chains of Gold by Gottfried Feder at archive.org
Posted on: Wed, 09 Jul 2014 21:27:11 +0000
Trending Topics
Recently Viewed Topics
© 2015