Important Issues In case of "Emerging and Emergency RISK ANALYSIS " for Using Molecular Tools from The Genome Comparison and Monitoring System Design and Engineering(Integration of Research Project NRCT, 2014(Aspergills Group) and Proposal for NRCT 2015 (Fusarium and Penicillium Group inluding NRCT 2014-2015 Project Integration as Complete Research Plan). Keywords: Risk Analysis Food Safety Emergencies Food Safety Emergency Response (FSER) FROM FAO/WHO.guide for application of risk analysis principles and procedures during food safety emergencies. Important Issues/Key Concepts: 1. Food Safety Emergency Response (FSER) is the process of assessing the risk, making risk management decisions, and communicating risk in the face of time constraints, lack of data and knowledge gaps. 2. The response to a food safety emergency is scalable, and it may range from “business as usual” to “incident”, “emergency” and “crisis”. 3. According to Initial steps after identifying a food safety event, The following factors of interest in this context that may be considered were. • Verification/validation of initial reports by a credible source or through testing; • Initiating food safety and epidemiological investigations to determine: • Whether food is potentially contaminated with a food hazard • Whether severe illness or death is involved • Whether the event appears to be localized or widespread • Whether the source of the hazard has been identified • The involvement of a particular food source • The likely scope of distribution of the product (e.g. local, regional, national, international) • Whether taking no action could result in widespread illness *** 4. In emergency situations, the risk analysis process generally follows the same order but may be "more dynamic and intense", and risk management actions may be taken before the completion of risk assessment. 5. At the outset of investigations, the following should be conducted as thoroughly as possible in order to formulate targeted questions for risk assessors. • Formally engage relevant partners prior to asking the questions, in order to gather "additional information" that may support the assessment • Begin to collect and focus information for risk assessment components such as "hazard characterization" *** • For "novel/unusual hazards" such as "particularly virulent pathogens", emphasis should be placed on collecting field data, as far as is possible in an abbreviated time period 6. According to Risk assessment during emergencies, When risk assessors receive an alert from risk managers regarding an imminent request, *** "it is important for the risk assessors to screen the incoming as well as other available data and information rapidly, to be able to decide the appropriate methodological approach and the scope of the risk assessment." 7. Important Question from decision tree for initiating risk assessment *** "Are there sufficient data or information sources available on the current hazard–food combination to conduct an RA?" 8. For risk assessment during emergencies, tools already developed could be useful in assessing risk rapidly in the absence of complete information. Examples of interest such tools include: • A database on structural groups of similar chemical substances for which toxicological data exist (surrogate data) that can be used to infer hazard characteristics for substances for which no data are available; • Specific templates to collate the relevant data on a given incident, along with a situation summary template and the risk management questions to address (this can help to expedite initiation of the risk assessment); and • A compilation of reference values (exposure limits) published by regulatory agencies. *** 9. Specific issues to consider in the process of assessing risks during an emergency; "The scientific information" to be used could benefit from sources with "local knowledge", or "persons with tacit knowledge" of the event or process involved. This allows "rapid collection of data and information" relevant to the scientific questions that need to be addressed. 10. It is helpful to establish formal and informal relationships to obtain relevant data and information from other countries. *** 11. "The scientific information" to be used in the development of the risk assessment falls into two categories: i) pre-existing information (e.g. literature reviews and risk assessment available online, or consumption survey data and statistics) and *** ii) data specific to the incident that are based on food safety investigations and/or epidemiological investigations. *** 11. Hazard identification: In some situations in which the hazard is not fully identified, or existing data are insufficient and when there is not enough time to generate data, existing data could be used as a surrogate to address scientific questions. *** 12. Development of hazard/pathogen definition documents that can be modified/updated easily in an emergency would be ideal. 12.1 In particular, identifying specific attributes that are the main contributors to severity would be helpful, especially in situations where a new hazard has been discovered. 12.2 In this regard, any specific attribute of the new hazard could be compared to what is on file and this may facilitate the process of hazard identification. 12.3 Whenever feasible, validated rapid test methodologies should be used to identify the hazard as far as possible. *** Thus, To overcome this problem, The Systems that can be used to investigate and generated inofrmation deep in molecular level are NEED. *** *** Important Issuess In case of "Emerging and Emergency RISK ANALYSIS " for Using Molecular Tools from The Genome Comparison and Monitoring System Design and Engineering(Integration of Research Project NRCT, 2014(Aspergills Group) and Proposal for NRCT 2015 (Fusarium and Penicillium Group inluding NRCT 2014-2015 Project Integration as Complete Research Plan). Reference: FAO/WHO.guide for application of risk analysis principles and procedures during food safety emergencies. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and World Health Organization Rome 2011. ISBN 978 92 4 150247 4 (NLM classification: WA 701) ISBN 978 92 5 106988 2 (FAO) ? FAO and WHO 2011
Posted on: Mon, 09 Sep 2013 03:56:35 +0000
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