Socialism/Scientific Socialism Scientific socialism. There is only one socialism, that is scientific socialism, means the application of human innovation in the production of benefit (material and ideal/spiritual) for all who produce. In classical Marxism theory it is considered the transitional period between capitalist and communism, and is directed by the dictatorship of the proletariat, i.e., those who are the laborers and toilers in the industrial system. In the African context and in most other parts of the world the agricultural - based oppressed, the peasants and farm workers and so forth, play a much bigger role than envisioned by Engels and Marx, who were generally writing about the advent of socialism in advanced industrial areas such as England and Germany. However, the key point is that as long as society has a state, that is as long as society has apparatus and structures of control and order, one class or the other will dominate the state, hence socialist take the democratic route and advocate that the majority, those who work should dominate. Marxism Marxism, obviously named after Karl Marx, brilliant and dedicated student of the human condition has at its heart the materialism, most specifically dialectical materialism, and historical materialism. That is things, events, reality are in constant flux. For example a specific set of ideas may be advanced and aspects of these ideas are countered with a different position in the course of constructive discussion of the matter, out of the tension if you will between the original position and the counterpoised one, a synthesis emerges and a completely new understanding is the result. The same is true of all processes in nature and society, in a process of contention between colonized and colonizer there emerges new categories, nationalist revolutionaries and neo-colonialist...for example. Historical materialism can be said to be the scientific analysis of the dialectical movement of human affairs, with a particular emphasis on economic matters. Whereas Marxism upholds Philosophical Materialism, the sole existence of matter, Nkrumah posits an advance by pointing out that matter is primary, but as matter is the source of ideas, thought, it is more precise to say that matter is primary, hence Philosophical Consciencism is a leap from Philosophical Materialism as understood by Marxist logic. Communism. Communism is the state of existence wherein the human society has advanced beyond the dictatorship of the working class to a situation wherein there is no domination imposed upon the society, i.e., there is no state as such. This is the phase of existence that Marx and his associates postulated as existence where everyone would be compensated according to their needs and ask to contribute according to their ability. The difference between scientific socialism and communism then is marked by the absence of the state, and therefore an absence of a ruling class, and the fact that as opposed to the scientific socialist reality, a reality where the basic structures inherited from capitalism are modified for the larger social good, but aspects still remain, things such as inequity in pay for distinct work. Example, an African who is a mechanical engineer would receive higher compensation than an African who is a lorry driver; in communism however, let us suppose that the same mechanical engineer has a wife but no children, and the lorry driver has a family of four, that is himself, his wife, and two children. In communism the lorry driver would get more compensation more credits from the society because his need is higher than that of the engineer.
Posted on: Sat, 25 Jan 2014 10:08:51 +0000
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