https://youtube/watch?v=jbLfENzNqbUHey Joe is an American popular song from the 1960s that has become a rock standard and as such has been performed in many musical styles by hundreds of different artists since it was first written.[2][3][4] Hey Joe tells the story of a man who is on the run and planning to head to Mexico after shooting his wife.[5] However, diverse credits and claims have led to confusion as to the songs true authorship and genesis.[4][5] The earliest known commercial recording of the song is the late-1965 single by the Los Angeles garage band The Leaves; the band then re-recorded the track and released it in 1966 as a follow-up single which became a hit.[6] Currently, the best-known version is The Jimi Hendrix Experiences 1966 recording, their debut single.[7] The song title is sometimes given as Hey Joe, Where You Gonna Go? or similar variations. Authorship[edit] While claimed by the late Tim Rose to be a traditional song,[8] or often erroneously attributed to the pen of American musician Dino Valenti (who also went by the names Chester or Chet Powers, and Jesse Farrow), Hey Joe was registered for copyright in the U.S. in 1962 by Billy Roberts.[4] Scottish folk singer Len Partridge has claimed that he helped write the song with Roberts when they both performed in clubs in Edinburgh in 1956.[9] Other sources (including singer Pat Craig) claim that Roberts assigned the rights to the song to his friend Valenti while Valenti was in jail, in order to give him some income upon release.[4][10] Roberts was a relatively obscure California-based folk singer, guitarist and harmonica player who performed on the West Coast coffeehouse circuit.[11] He later recorded the country rock album Thoughts of California with the band Grits in San Francisco in 1975, produced by Hillel Resner.[12] Resner has stated that a live recording of Roberts performing Hey Joe exists, dating from around 1961.[13] Roberts possibly drew inspiration for Hey Joe from three earlier works: his girlfriend Niela Millers 1955 song Baby, Please Don’t Go To Town[4] (which uses a similar chord progression based on the circle of fifths);[11] Carl Smiths 1953 US country hit Hey Joe! (written by Boudleaux Bryant), which shared the title and the question and answer format; and the early 20th century traditional ballad Little Sadie, which tells of a man on the run after he has shot his wife.[14] The lyrics to Little Sadie often locate the events in Thomasville, North Carolina and Jericho, South Carolina. Roberts was himself born in South Carolina. Variations of Little Sadie have been recorded under various titles (including Bad Lee Brown, Penitentiary Blues, Cocaine Blues, Whiskey Blues) by many artists, including Clarence Ashley (1930),[15] Johnny Cash (1960 & 1968), Slim Dusty (1961),[16] and Bob Dylan (1970). Despite extensive archives of U.S. folk and blues music, and studies of the same, in the Library of Congress, the Smithsonian Institution,[17] and other bodies, no documentary evidence has been provided to support the claim, by the late Tim Rose[8] and others, that Hey Joe is a wholly traditional work. (See also the article on Morning Dew regarding Rose and song copyrights.) Rights to the song were administered from 1966 into the 2000s by the music publisher Third Story Music (now Third Palm Music); there the author is listed as Billy Roberts.[18] Early recordings (1965–1966)[edit] Hey Joe (Where You Gonna Go) Song by The Byrds from the album Fifth Dimension Released July 18, 1966 Format Long play record Recorded Columbia Studios, Hollywood, California, May 16–19, 1966 Genre Garage rock[6] Length 2:08 Label Columbia (no. CS 9349) Producer Allen Stanton Roberts song gained fans in the Los Angeles music scene of the mid-1960s, which led to fast-paced recordings in 1965 and 1966 by The Leaves, The Standells, The Surfaris, Love, The Music Machine, and The Byrds, swiftly making the song a garage rock classic.[6] Both Dino Valenti and The Byrds David Crosby have been reported as helping to popularize the song before it was recorded by The Leaves in December 1965.[19] The Leaves, who had been introduced to the song while attending live concerts by The Byrds (who had yet to record their own version of the song) at Ciros on Sunset Boulevard,[19] recorded and released three versions of Hey Joe between 1965 and 1966.[5] Their first version was released in November/December 1965 but sold poorly.[6] The bands third recorded version of the song became a hit in May/June 1966, reaching No. 31 on the Billboard Hot 100[6] chart and No. 29 on the Canadian RPM Magazine charts. The Leaves version is notable for being the only recording of the song to reach the Top 40 of the Billboard chart.[5] The Surfaris recording of the song, released on the B-side of their So Get Out single, is sometimes cited as being the first rock recording of the song[20] but a number of reliable sources contend that, in fact, the Surfaris version dates from 1966, well after The Leaves original 1965 version.[4][21][22] There is some dispute over exactly when The Surfaris recording of the song was released. Some sources list its release date as being late 1965[20] but there are many other sources that list it as being June 1966.[23][24] However, the catalogue number of The Surfaris single is Decca 31954, which when cross-referenced with other contemporaneous Decca single releases, allows the single to be conclusively dated to a May – June 1966 time frame.[25] A June 1966 release date is further corroborated by the discographical information on Gary Ushers website.[25] Usher was the producer of The Surfaris recording of the song and the discographical information on his website comes from the late producers personal archives, as compiled by his biographer Stephen J. McParland at the request of the Usher family.[26] The Standells recorded a version of the song, titled Hey Joe, Where You Gonna Go, which was included on their 1966 Dirty Water album.[27] The garage rock band, The Music Machine, recorded a slow, moody, fuzz-laden version of the song in late 1966 which bears a strong resemblance to Jimi Hendrixs later version.[28] The Los Angeles band Love included a version of Hey Joe on their debut album, Love, recorded in January 1966 and released on Elektra Records in April.[29] The song was brought to the band by guitarist and singer, Bryan MacLean, who had been introduced to the song by David Crosby during 1965, while MacLean had been a roadie for The Byrds.[19] The bands lead vocalist, Arthur Lee, claimed in later years that it was Loves version that turned Jimi Hendrix onto the song as well as most of the other Los Angeles acts who covered the song.[30] Loves recording of Hey Joe features slightly different lyrics to most versions of the song; for example, the lyric gun in your hand became money in your hand in Loves version.[31] The Byrds recording of the song also features the same altered lyrics as Loves version.[32] Love guitarist Johnny Echols claims that Loves and The Byrds lyrics are the authentic ones. According to Echols, The Leaves (who they were friends with) had heard Love performing the song and asked them for the lyrics. He rewrote them to play The Leaves a dirty trick, accidentally authoring the version that everybody got to know.[33] The Byrds included a recording of the song, titled Hey Joe (Where You Gonna Go), on their 1966 album, Fifth Dimension.[19] The lead vocalist on The Byrds version was David Crosby, who was instrumental in bringing the song to the group and in popularising the song within the larger L.A. music community.[19] Crosby had wanted to record the song almost since the band first formed in 1964 but the other members of The Byrds had been unenthusiastic toward the song.[19] By the time of the recording sessions for Fifth Dimension, several other bands had enjoyed success with covers of Hey Joe, leaving Crosby angered by his bandmates lack of faith in the song. Byrds guitarist and band leader Roger McGuinn recalled in an interview that The reason Crosby did lead on Hey Joe was because it was his song. He didnt write it but he was responsible for finding it. Hed wanted to do it for years but we would never let him. Then both Love and The Leaves had a minor hit with it and David got so angry that we had to let him do it.[10] General consensus within the band and among critics was that The Byrds version wasnt an entirely successful reading of the song and was inferior to previous recordings of the song by Love and The Leaves.[34] In later years, both McGuinn and the bands manager, Jim Dickson, criticised Crosbys vocal performance on the song for not being powerful enough to carry the aggressive subject matter and expressed regret that the song had been included on Fifth Dimension. Even Crosby himself later admitted that the recording of the song was an error on his part, stating It was a mistake, I shouldnt have done it. Everybody makes mistakes.[19] The song would go on to become a staple of The Byrds live concert repertoire during 1966 and 1967.[19] The band also included the song in their performance at the Monterey Pop Festival, which is included on the 2002 The Complete Monterey Pop Festival DVD box set as well as on the 1992 The Monterey International Pop Festival CD box set.[35][36] Tim Rose and Jimi Hendrix (1966)[edit] Hey Joe 1967 American picture sleeve. Single by The Jimi Hendrix Experience B-side Stone Free Released December 16, 1966 (UK) Format Seven-inch 45 rpm record Recorded De Lane Lea Studios, London, October 23, 1966 Genre Rock Length 3:30 Label Polydor (no. 56139) Producer(s) Chas Chandler The Jimi Hendrix Experience singles chronology Hey Joe (1966) Purple Haze (1967) Folk rock singer Tim Rose’s slower version of the song (recorded in 1966 and claimed to be Roses arrangement of a wholly traditional song)[8] inspired the first single by The Jimi Hendrix Experience.[7] The ex-bassist for The Animals, Chas Chandler, who was now focusing on managing other acts, had also seen Rose performing the song at the Cafe Wha? in New York City and was looking for an artist to record a rock version of Hey Joe.[37][38] Chandler discovered Jimi Hendrix, who had also been playing at the Cafe Wha? in 1966 and performing an arrangement of Hey Joe inspired by Roses rendition.[38] Chandler decided to take Hendrix with him to England in September 1966, where he would subsequently turn the guitarist into a star.[37] Tim Rose re-recorded Hey Joe in the 1990s, re-titling it Blue Steel .44[39] and again claimed the song as his own arrangement of a traditional song. Some accounts credit the slower version of the song by the British band The Creation as being the inspiration for Hendrixs version; Chandler and Hendrix saw them perform the song after Jimi arrived in the UK, although The Creations version was not released until after Hendrixs.[40] It is unclear if the members of The Creation had heard Tim Roses version. Released in December 1966, Hendrixs version became a hit in the United Kingdom, entering the Top 10 of the UK Singles Chart in January 1967 and peaking at #6.[41] The single was released in the United States on May 1, 1967 with the B-side 51st Anniversary but failed to chart.[42] Hey Joe, as recorded by The Jimi Hendrix Experience, with backing vocals by the Breakaways, remains the best-known version of the song[7] and is listed as No. 201 on Rolling Stone magazines The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.[43] In 2009 it was named the 22nd greatest hard rock song of all time by VH1.[44] Hey Joe was the last song Jimi Hendrix performed at the Woodstock festival in 1969 and as such, it was also the final song of the whole festival. The song was performed after the crowd, comprising the 80,000 who hadnt yet left the festival, cheered for an encore.[45] Later recordings (1968 – present)[edit] Marmalade recorded a version of the song in 1968 because they needed a B-side to their single Lovin Things in a hurry, and because they thought it was a traditional song and as such, the band would get the songwriting royalties from it.[46] Marmalade guitarist Junior Campbell stated in interview that Jimi Hendrixs version had already sold about 200,000 copies and then we sold about 300,000 on the flip of Lovin Thing. But then the following year, the bloke whod written the bloody song suddenly turned up out of the woodwork!.[46] Frank Zappa recorded a parody of the song, titled Flower Punk, on The Mothers of Invention album Were Only in It for the Money in 1968.[47] The song was one of several on the album that parodied the fashionable hippie lifestyle. Lyrics in Zappas version included Hey Punk, where you goin with that flower in your hand?/Well, Im goin up to Frisco to join a psychedelic band.[48][49] Zappa also included the opening chord riff of Hey Joe in the song Honey, Dont You Want a Man Like Me? from his Zappa in New York album.[citation needed] Patti Smith released a cover of the song as the A-side of her first single, Hey Joe b/w Piss Factory, in 1974.[50] The arrangement of Smiths version is based on a recording by blues guitarist Roy Buchanan[citation needed] that was released the previous year (and dedicated to Hendrix). Smiths version is unique in that she includes a brief and salacious monologue about fugitive heiress Patty Hearst and her kidnapping and participation with the Symbionese Liberation Army.[51] Smiths version portrays Patty Hearst as Joe with a gun in her hand.[51] Sonic Youths song Hey Joni, included on their 1988 album, Daydream Nation, is titled in reference to Hey Joe and to Joni Mitchell but it shares no lyrical themes with the Billy Roberts song.[52] The rock band The Who occasionally performed Hey Joe during their 1989 tour. Their version was influenced by Jimi Hendrixs arrangement and was dedicated to him.[53] Willy DeVille recorded a mariachi version of the song that was a hit in Europe in 1992, going to No. 1 in Spain.[54] The song was released as a single in Europe and appeared on DeVilles Backstreets of Desire album. Type O Negative re-titled the song as Hey Pete (in reference to frontman Peter Steele) on their 1992 The Origin of the Feces album and changed the songs protagonist to an axe-murderer. This fit the song into a story arc spanning several of the bands own compositions.[citation needed] 1,881 guitarists played Hey Joe in Wrocław on May 1, 2007, setting what was, at the time, a new Guinness record. The Red Hot Chili Peppers were seen in 2006 rehearsing the song on the TV program Live From Abbey Road on Channel 4.[citation needed] Bap Kennedy, was so inspired by Hendrixs performance of Hey Joe as the closing song of the Woodstock Festival that he released his own version forty years later on his 2009 album, Howl On.[55] 1,572 guitarists played Hey Joe simultaneously in the town square of Wrocław, Poland on May 1, 2006, breaking a Guinness record. A new record was set when 1,881 guitarists played Hey Joe in Wrocław on May 1, 2007. Then on May 1, 2008, 1,951 guitarists played Hey Joe in Wrocław to set a new world record. The record was further broken in Wroclaw on May 1, 2009, when 6346 guitarists played the song in the same venue.[56] A new record was set on May 1, 2012, when 7,273 guitarists turned out in Wroclaw.[57] Selected list of recorded versions[edit] The following versions of Hey Joe made the pop charts in the US or UK: The Leaves as Hey Joe, Where You Gonna Go (Mira 207, December 1965); re-recorded as Hey Joe, Where You Gonna Go (Mira 222, 1966), and then again as Hey Joe (Mira 222, May 1966). This last version charted, peaking at No. 31 in the US. The Jimi Hendrix Experience (1966) Peaked at UK No. 6. In 2000, Total Guitar magazine ranked it as the 13th greatest cover version of all time.[58] Cher (1967) on her album With Love, Cher. Peaked at US No. 94. Allmusic wrote a mixed review by calling it tough and not so spectacular and also clearly the wrong material for this great singer.[59] Hey Joe MENU0:00 Sample of Chers recording of Hey Joe. The song was released as a single and included on the 1967 album With Love, Chèr. Problems playing this file? See media help. Wilson Pickett (Atlantic 2648, July 1969) Peaked at No. 29 on the US R&B charts, No. 59 on the US pop charts, No. 42 on the Canadian RPM Magazine charts, and No. 16 on the UK charts. Featured Duane Allman on guitar.
Posted on: Thu, 25 Sep 2014 03:00:42 +0000
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