メリークリスマス！ Merry Christmas These photo is Ukrainian Christmas Cooking Class from Vera san ウクライナのヴェラさんのクリスマス料理のお写真をいただきました。ありがとうございました。 Christmas in Ukraine is the most important family holiday of the whole year. It is celebrated solemnly, as well as merrily, according to ancient customs that have come down through the ages and are still observed today and are brightly presented in Ukrainian folklore and culinary tradition. Ukrainian Christmas festivities begin on Christmas Eve ([Dec.24; Jan.6.) and end on the Feast of the Epiphany. The Christmas Eve Supper or Sviata Vecheria (Holy Supper) begins with the appearance of the first star which is believed to be the Star of Bethlehem and brings the family together to partake in special foods and begin the holiday with many customs and traditions, which reach back to antiquity. The rituals of the Christmas Eve are dedicated to God, to the welfare of the family, and to the remembrance of the ancestors. Traditional menu is a twelve-course meatless Christmas Eve Supper. There are twelve courses in the Supper dedicated to twelve Christs Apostles and according to the ancient belief- to every full moon during the course of the year. The courses are meatless because there is a period of fasting required by the Church until Christmas Day. The first and the main dish of the whole supper is always kutia. Then usually comes borshch (beet soup) with vushka (boiled dumplings filled with chopped mushrooms and onions). This is followed by a variety of fish - baked, broiled, fried, cold in aspic, fish balls, arinated herring and so on, different vegetable appetizers. Then come arenyky (boiled dumplings filled with cabbage, potatoes, buckwheat or prunes ,golubtsi (stuffed cabbage), and the supper ends with uzvar. Next day (a Christmas Day) meatless menu is supplemented by the variety of meat and poultry dishes and appetizers and wine. And of course immediately after the Holy Supper is over it starts the most interesting and funny part of Ukrainian Christmas celebration - caroling. The custom of caroling is joyful and merry. Ukrainian Christmas songs or carols have their origins in antiquity, as do many other traditions practiced at Christmas time. It was actually a huge performance, a kind of folk opera. Koliadky and shchedrivky are the oldest groups of Ukrainian folk songs. They are sung by Ukrainians at Christmas time throughout the world. ウクライナのクリスマスのお祝いは１２月２４日のクリスマスイブの夕食に始まり、エピファニーの日１月６日の夕食まで続きます。 ウクライナでは必ずクリスマスの晩餐に最低で１種類は丸ごと一匹の魚料理を食卓に並べる習慣があります。クリスマスイブまでが肉を 断食する習慣があり、そのためクリスマスイヴも、鯉とか魚を食べることが多いのです。 クラスでの魚料理は鯖を使いました。ザクロにオレンジ、なんとタラコ、ハーブをお腹に詰めて焼き上げます。 BAKED MACKEREL By the tradition of a Holy Supper one fish dish at least must be served. Usually it is backed whole fish. And one of the favorite fishes of Ukrainians especially for holiday table is mackerel and not at random, this fatty fish is extremely delicious baked and grilled. A dish migrated to Ukrainian kitchen long time ago from Baltic kitchen. Mackerel lightly marinated and then baked with lemon slices, herbs, garlic and greens served with village style backed potatoes will become a perfect decoration of every celebration. 他にも ●リンゴ、クルミ、ザクロとビーツのサラダ BEET SALAD WITH APPLE, WALNUTS AND POMEGRANATE SEEDS All winter long beet is on the table of Ukrainians and holiday menu is not an exception. This traditional vegetarian appetizer-salad light, bright and full of vitamins is an excellent addition to a variety of meat and fish dishes of Christmas Menu ●ホロデッツ（クリスマス・アスピック）作り済み It’s difficult to imagine a New Year and Christmas table in Ukraine without Holodets. Aspic(«Holodets» -coming from the word «holod» - cold ) - national Ukrainian dish a kind of jelly that is prepared with beef, pork legs, as well as poultry meat with garlic, onion, carrot, bay leaf, black pepper by an ancient recipe. Aspic served with horseradish ( a kind of wasabi mixed with grated beet) or a mustard and vinegar. Especially precious is a jelly boiled with meat rooster. Holodets must be cooked at least 4 hours on low heat until the meat separates from the bones and a broth becomes so concentrated that it is no need to add artificial gelatin or agar-agar and in the end it is taken out in a cool place for solidification. ●自家製のレバーパテ Homemade liver pate ●ハニージンジャーブレッド HONEY GINGERBREAD raisins, fruit or berry jam. Very often it’s a kind of cake - slightly convex in the middle of the plate rectangular, round or oval, with a simple pattern on the top usually covered with a layer of icing sugar confectionery. The first gingerbreads appeared in Kievan Rus called honey bread and there were still about IX century. «Pryanyky» were a mixture of rye flour with honey and berry juice. the recipe contained honey almost half of all the other ingredients. Later in the honey bread were added forest herbs and roots, and in the XII-XIII centuries, when in ancient Rus started to appear exotic spices imported from India and the Middle East «Pryanyk» gets its name and almost final shape at the delicacy that is known today. ! «Pryanyk» is not just a traditional sweet, it’s also a holiday gift, souvenir , decoration and indispensable attribute of Christmas and New Year celebrations. ●ホルブツィ（雑穀とキノコを詰めたクリスマス・キャベツロール） Golubtsi - a famous Ukrainian second dish is also inherent in the kitchen of Eastern Europe and the Middle East. This dish is prepared differently in different regions of Ukraine : with fresh cabbage leaves or sauerkraut stuffed with meat, rice or buckwheat (Central Ukraine) , millet or corn cereals, potatoes, beans, mushrooms ( Western Ukraine), onions, carrots and spices. Golubtsi with millet and mushrooms make an unforgettable delicious flavor combination and it is a favorite vegetarian variation of this classic dish that is usually cooked specially for Christmas Eve (Holy Supper). 伝統的なクリスマスイブ（神聖な夕食）はスプーンで「クティア」をいただき、亡くなった家族や親類を思い出すことで始まり、終わります。 この伝統的な習慣はウクライナの家の中のレッドコーナー（Red corner /Holy corner = 神聖な場所） と呼ばれる場所で行われます。 Christmas Eve (A Holy Night Supper) by the tradition starts and finishes with a spoon of Kutia and exchanging wishes and reminding the relatives that have passed away. Kutia together with Diduh and Uzvar during Christmas celebration always take a honorary place in a Red Corner (Holy Corner) of Ukrainian house and are the ritual attributes of the family cult. ●全粒麦や米、オーツ、そばなどを使って作るお粥 Kutia» is wholegrain porridge brewed traditionally from whole wheat grains or other cereals : barley, rice, oats, buckwheat and dressed with honey, poppy seeds milk, nuts and raisins. Wheat or other whole grain is usually first pounded in a mortar with a little water and separated from the chaff and then cooked in the oven for several hours. Wheat and cereals can be soaked with water in advance that greatly shortens cooking time. All the ingredients of Kutia have a symbolic meaning: Grain symbolizes eternal life,resurrection and fertility. Honey is a symbol of heavenly bliss, health and sweetness of life. Poppy seeds and nuts - symbols of prosperity and fertility. ●リンゴ、梨、チェリー、レーズンでつくる伝統的なお飲物 traditional Ukrainian home drink, a compote prepared from dried fruit - apples, pears, cherries, raisins, prunes and fresh fruits and berries. Uzvar is always prepared on the eve of religious holidays - Christmas and Baptism - a ritual meal. The name comes from the fact that the fruit is boiled and brewed. Taste of Uzvar is much richer than the compote. Uzvars and compotes are the most common desserts in Ukrainian cuisine. などが並びました。 最後のお楽しみはマコヴィ・ザビィヴァネットと呼ばれるケシの実のシュトルーデルです。クリスマス時期のお菓子としてウクライナ全土で愛されています。
Posted on: Tue, 23 Dec 2014 22:33:57 +0000
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