--------------------------নবী মুহাম্মাদ (স) কি ভাবে হজ করেছেন --------------- ----------------------------- হাদিস ও ইতিহাসের আলকে বর্ণনা ----------------- সকলের ম্নে প্রস্ন যাগে, এত মানুষ হজ করে, কত হজের নিওম কানুন দেখি, কিন্তু আমাদের নবী করিম (স) কিভাবে হজ করেছেন, তা বড় জানতে ইচ্ছা করে। সেই জন্য আমি, সবচেয়ে দীর্ঘ হাদিস যাহা মুস্লিম সরিফে আছে, তা নিম্নে দিলাম, যদিও হাদিস গ্রন্থ সমুহে আনেক রকম হাদিস আছে, বরনায় দিমত আছে, পরস্পর বিরধি হাদিস ও আছে , ঐ সকল বিসয় উপেক্ষা করে, সঞ্চেয়ে দীর্ঘ বর্ণনা মুল্ক হাদিস তা দিলা, জাতে মানুষ একটা ধারনা করতে পারে যে নবী করিম (স) কি ভাবে হজ করেছিলেন। আনেকে আরাফাত প্রজন্ত হজের বর্ণনা দেন। কিন্তু আমি এখানে নবীর (স) এহরাম পড়া থেকে এহরাম না খুলা পর্যন্ত সকল ঘটনার বর্নার উল্লেখ করেছেই। এমন কি হজে এহরাম পড়া অবস্থায় যে যে কোরানের আয়াত নাজিল হয়েছিল তার ও উল্লেখ করেছি। প্রাথমেই আসি নবী (স) কতবার হজ করেছিলে। হাদিস থেকে পাওয়া যায় তিনি ৪ বার উমরাহ এবং ১ বার হজ করেছিলেন। হাদিস গুলি নিম্নে দেওয়া হল। How Many Hajj Performed By Muhammad (S.A) From the following Hadith we came to know that Muhammad(S.A) did Four Umras And One Hajj after immigration. • At 6 Hijri after Hudaibia • At 7 Hijri after conquest of Mecca • At 8 Hijiri after Hunain battle, • The last Umra with Hajj at 10 Hijiri. Hadith 1 I asked Anas (Allah be pleased with him) as to bow many Pilgrimages had been performed by Allahs Messenger (may peace be upon him), and he replied: One Hajj and four Umras were performed by him. The rest of the badith is the same. [Sahih Muslim 1253 ] Hadith 2 said to Anas bin Malik: How many times did the Prophet perform Hajj? He said: He performed one Hajj and he performed four Umrah: An Umrah during Dhul-Qadah; the Umrah of Al-Hudaibiyah, and Umrah with his Hajj, and an Umrah from Al-Jiirranah when he divided up the war spoils of Hunain. [Jami` at-Tirmidhi 821 (Sahih)] Hajj Of The Prophet Muhammad (S.A) Ten years after the hijrah (migration), the Messenger of Allah Prophet Muhammad [peace and blessings be upon him and his Progeny] ordered to his close followers to call all the people in different places to join him in his last pilgrimage. On this pilgrimage he taught them how to perform the pilgrimage in a correct and unified form. This was first time that the Muslims with this magnitude gathered in one place in the presence of their leader, the Messenger of Allah Prophet Muhammad [S.A]. On his way to Makkah, more than seventy thousand people followed Prophet Muhammad [S.A]. On that occation of Dhul-Hijjah more than one hundred thousand Muslims had entered Makkah. The Hadeeth (narration) of Jaabir which draws for us the description of the Hajj of the Prophet, , is a longest Hadeeth on this topic and a cornerstone in clarifying the rulings of Hajj. This Hadeeth was narrated in full by Imaam Muslim in his Saheeh and was not narrated by Al-Bukhaari in his Al-Jaami‘ . Following is the full text of the Hadeeth as narrated by Muslim in his Saheeh which describes The HAJJ performed by Prophet Muhammad (S.A): Ja‘far bin Muhammad narrated on the authority of his father, saying, We went to Jaabir bin ‘Abdullaah and he began inquiring about the people (who had gone to see him) until it was my turn. I said “I am Muhammad ibn ‘Ali ibn Husayn.” He placed his hand upon my head and opened my upper button and then the lower one and then placed his palm on my chest, and I was, during those days, a young boy, and he said, “You are welcome, my nephew. Ask whatever you want to ask.” I asked him and he was a blind man. When the time for prayer came, he stood up covering himself in his mantle. Whenever he placed its ends upon his shoulders they slipped down on account of it being short (in size). His Ridaa’ (upper garment) was, however, lying on the clothes rack near by. And he led us in the prayer. I said to him, “Tell me about the Hajj of the Messenger of Allaah .” He motioned with his hand [to indicate the figure] nine, and then stated, “The Messenger of Allaah stayed in Al-Madeenah for nine years but did not perform Hajj, then a public announcement was made in the tenth year to the effect that the Messenger of Allaah was about to perform Hajj. A large number of people came to Al-Madeenah and all of them were anxious to follow the Messenger of Allaah and do according to his doing. We set out with him until we reached Thul-Hulayfah. Asmaa’ bint ‘Umays gave birth to Muhammad bin Abu Bakr. She sent message to the Messenger of Allaah asking him, “What should I do?” He said: “Take a bath, bandage your private parts and put on Ihraam.” The Messenger of Allaah, sallallaahu `layhi wa sallam, prayed in the mosque and then mounted his she-camel and it stood erect with him on its back at Al-Baydaa’. And I looked as far as I could see in front of me but riders and pedestrians, and also on his right and on his left and behind him like this. And the Messenger of Allaah was among us and the (revelation) of the Quran was being sent down upon him. And it is he who knows (its true) interpretation. And whatever he did, we also did that. He pronounced the Oneness of Allaah (saying): Labbayka Allaahumma labbayk, labbayk la shareeka laka labbayk, inna al-hamda wan-ni‘mata laka wal-mulk la shareeka lak (Here I am at Your service, O Allaah! You have no partner. Here I am at Your service, O Allaah. Verily, all the praise, the grace and the sovereignty belong to You. You have no partner.) And the people also pronounced the same Talbiyah but with some additions. The Messenger of Allaah did not reject anything of it, but he adhered to his own (wording of) Talbiyah .” Jaabir said, “We did not have any other intention but that of Hajj only, being unaware of the Umrah (at that season), but when we came with him to the House, he touched the corner (the Black Stone) and (made seven circuits) walking at a fast pace in three of them and walking at a normal pace in four. He then went to the standing place of Ibraaheem (Abraham), and recited the verse (which means):{And take, [O believers], from the standing place of Abraham a place of prayer.} [Quran 2:125] And this standing place was between him and the House. My father said (and as far as I know he mentioned it only on the authority of the Messenger of Allaah ) that he recited in the two Rak‘ahs:{Say, He is Allaah, [who is] One,…}[Quran 112] and:{Say: O disbelievers...}[Quran 109] He then returned to the corner (the Black Stone) and kissed it. He then went out of the gate to As-Safa and as he reached near it he recited:{Indeed, As-Safa and Al-Marwa are among the symbols of Allaah} [Quran 2:158] (adding:) I begin with what Allaah the Almighty began with. He first mounted As-Safa until he saw the House, and facing the Qiblah he declared the Oneness of Allaah and glorified Him, and said: Laa ilaaha illallaahu wahdahu la shareeka lahu, lahul mulku wa lahul hamdu, wa huwa ‘alaa qulli shay’in Qadeer. Laa ilaaha illallaahu wahdahu, anjaza wa‘dahu, wa nasara ‘abdahu, wa hazamal ahzaaba wahdahu (None is truly worthy of worship but Allaah Alone, who has no partner. To Him belongs the dominion, to Him belongs all praise, and He has power over everything. He fulfilled His promise, gave victory to His servant, and defeated the confederates Alone.)” He then made supplication in the course of that saying such words three times. He then descended and walked towards Al-Marwa, and when his feet came down in the bottom of the valley, he ran, and when he began to ascend he walked until he reached Al-Marwa. There he did as he had done at As-Safa. And when it was his last running at Al-Marwa he said: If I had known beforehand what I have come to know afterwards, I would not have brought sacrificial animals with me and would have performed Umrah. So, he who among you has not the sacrificial animals with him should put off Ihraam and treat it as a Umrah. Suraaqah bin Maalik bin Ju‘sham got up and said, “O Messenger of Allaah, does it apply to the present year, or does it apply forever?” Thereupon the Messenger of Allaah intertwined the fingers (of one hand) into another and said twice: “The Umrah has become incorporated in the Hajj (adding): ‘No, but for ever and ever.’” ‘Ali came from Yemen with the sacrificial animals for the Prophet and found Faatimah to be one among those who had put off Ihraam and had put on dyed clothes and had applied Kohl. He (‘Ali) showed disapproval to it, whereupon she said, “My father has commanded me to do this.” He (the narrator) said that ‘Ali used to say in Iraq: I went to the Messenger of Allaah showing annoyance at Faatimah for what she had done, and asked the (verdict) of the Messenger of Allaah regarding what she had narrated from him, and told him that I was angry with her, whereupon he said: “She has told the truth, she has told the truth. The Prophet then asked ‘Ali : What did you say when you undertook to go for Hajj?” ‘Ali said, “O Allaah, I am assuming Ihraam for the same purpose as Thy Messenger has assumed it.” He said: “I have with me the sacrificial animals, so do not put off the Ihraam.” He (Jaabir) said, “The total number of those sacrificial animals brought by ‘Ali, from Yemen and those brought by the Messenger of Allaah was one hundred. Then all the people except the Messenger of Allaah and those who had with them sacrificial animals, put off Ihraam, and got their hair shortened. When it was the day of Tarwiyah (8th of Thul-Hijjah) they went to Mina and put on the Ihraam for Hajj and the Messenger of Allaah rode and led the Thuhr, `Asr, Maghrib, ‘Ishaa’ and Fajr prayers there. The Prophet then waited a little until the sun rose, and commanded that a tent of hair should be pitched at Namirah. The Messenger of Allaah then set out and the Quraysh did not doubt that he would halt at Al-Mash‘ar Al-Haraam (the sacred site at Muzdalifah) as the Quraysh used to do in the pre-Islamic period. The Messenger of Allaah however, passed on until he came to ‘Arafah and he found that the tent had been pitched for him at Namirah. There he got down until the sun had passed the meridian; he commanded that Al-Qaswaa’ should be brought and saddled for him. Then he came to the bottom of the valley, and addressed the people saying: “Verily your blood and your property are as sacred and inviolable as the sacredness of this day of yours, in this month of yours, in this town of yours. Behold! Everything pertaining to Jaahiliyyah (pre-Islamic era) is under my feet completely abolished. Abolished are also the blood-revenges of Jaahiliyyah. The first claim of ours on blood-revenge which I abolish is that of the son of Rabee‘ah bin Al- Haarith, who was nursed among the tribe of Sa‘d and killed by Huthayl. And the usury of pre-Islamic era is abolished, and the first of our usury I abolish is that of ‘Abbaas bin ‘Abdul-Muttalib, for it is all abolished. Fear Allaah concerning women! Verily you have taken them on the covenant of Allaah, and intercourse with them has been made lawful to you by the words of Allaah. You too have right over them, that they should not allow anyone whom you dislike to enter your home. But if they do that, you can beat them but not severely. Their rights upon you are that you should provide them with food and clothing in a fitting manner. I have left among you the Book of Allaah, and if you hold fast to it, you would never go astray. And you would be asked about me (on the Day of Resurrection), (now tell me) what would you say? They (the audience) said, We will bear witness that you have conveyed (the message), fulfilled (the mission of Prophethood) and given wise (sincere) counsel. He (the Prophet ) then raised his forefinger towards the sky and pointing it at the people (said): O Allaah, be witness. O Allaah, be witness, saying it thrice. (Bilaal then) pronounced Athaan (call for prayer) and later on Iqaamah (second call for prayer) and he (the Prophet) led the Thuhr (afternoon) prayer. He (Bilaal) then uttered Iqaamah and he (the Prophet) led the `Asr (late afternoon) prayer and he observed no other prayer in between the two. The Messenger of Allaah then mounted his camel and came to the place of standing (At `Arafah) making his she- camel Al-Qaswaa’ turn towards the side where there were rocks, having the path taken by those who went on foot in front of him, and faced the Qiblah. He kept standing there until the sun set, and the yellow light had somewhat gone, and the disc of the sun had disappeared. He made Usaamah sit behind him, and he pulled the nose string of Al-Qaswaa’ so forcefully that its head touched the saddle (in order to keep her under perfect control), and he pointed out to the people with his right hand to be moderate (in speed), and whenever he happened to pass over an elevated tract of sand, he slightly loosened it (the nose-string of his camel) to climb up until he reached Al-Muzdalifah. There he led the Maghrib (sunset) and ‘Ishaa’ (night) prayers with one Athaan and two Iqaamahs and did not observe voluntary Rak‘ahs (units) between Maghrib and ‘Ishaa’ prayers. The Messenger of Allaah then lay down until dawn and offered the dawn prayer with an Athaan and Iqaamah when the morning light was clear. He again mounted Al-Qaswaa’, and when he came to Al-Mash‘ar Al-Haraam, he faced the Qiblah, supplicated Allaah, glorified Him, and pronounced His oneness (La ilaaha illa Allaah), and kept standing until the daylight was very clear. He then went quickly before the sun rose, and seated behind him was al-Fadhl bin ‘Abbaas and he was a man with beautiful hair, fair complexion and a handsome face. As the Messenger of Allaah was moving on, there was also going a group of women (side by side with them). Al-Fadhl began to look at them. The Messenger of Allaah placed his hand on the face of Al-Fadhl who then turned his face to the other side, and began to look, and the Messenger of Allaah turned his hand to the other side and placed it on the face of Al-Fadhl . He again turned his face to the other side until he came to the midst of (the valley of) Muhassir. He urged her (Al-Qaswaa’) a little, and, following the middle road, which comes out at Al-Jamrah Al-Kubra, he came to the Jamrah which is near the tree. At this he threw seven small pebbles, saying Allaahu Akbar while throwing every one of them in a manner in which the small pebbles are thrown (with the help of fingers) and this he did in the midst of the valley. He then went to the place of slaughtering the sacrifice, and slaughtered sixty-three (camels) with his own hand Then he gave the remaining number to ‘Ali who slaughtered them, and he made him share his sacrifice. He then commanded that a piece of flesh from each animal sacrificed should be put in a pot, and when it was cooked, both of them (the Prophet and ‘Ali) took some meat out of it and drank its soup. The Messenger of Allaah again rode and came to the House, and offered the Thuhr prayer at Makkah. He came to the clan of ‘Abd Al-Muttalib, who were supplying water at Zamzam, and said: “Draw water. O Bani ‘Abd al-Muttalib; were it not that people would usurp this right of supplying water from you, I would have drawn it along with you.” So they handed him a bucket and he drank from it. In this connection, one thing needs reiteration. On the way back from Mecca after completing his farewell pilgrimage when the messenger of Allah reached at a place named Gadeer-E-Khum on the junction of the roads leading to Mecca, Medina and Taef, Allah sent Gabriel with the verse 67 of Surah Maidah which narrated: “O messenger, proclaim which has been sent down to you from your Lord (That Ali is the Master of the believers). And if you do not do that then you have fulfilled none of His missions. And Allah will save you from the people and Allah does not guide the infidels”. [Khalid-Bin-Walid sent a letter to the Prophet through Buraida complaining against Ali. For this, the Prophet asked the believers to obey his Ahlal Bait (Muhammad, Ali, Fatima, Hasan and Husain) in general but refrained from the specific mention of Ali. So, it seems, Allah had to proclaim all the above.] On listening to the Verse, the Prophet got down from his camel, called back all those who went ahead of him and gave opportunities to gather with him, those who lagged behind. A sheet of cloth was tied to the thorny trees to make shade for the Prophet. The Prophet completed Zohar prayer, before the proper time and gave sermon for the congregation of more then one lac people. At first he praised Allah and then said: “Oh people! I am a mortal man. Allah’s messenger will shortly come to me and I will have to respond to his call. I am leaving amongst you two weighty things, if you adhere to them you will never be misguided, one of the two is greater then the other, the book of Allah, a rope stretched out from the heaven to the earth, and my Ahlal Bait (the inhabitants of my house), my progeny and the both will never be separated till they reach the Fountain, So see, how you will differ from me about the two.” After this he proclaimed: “Am I not the dearest to you then your own selves” He uttered this thrice. The congregation in one voice replied, “Yes, you are the dearest to us then ourselves.” At this the Prophet proclaimed, “Whose master am I, Ali is his master. O Allah! Love him who loves Ali and be envious to him who envies Ali.” After this proclamation of “Maula” all present took oath of allegiance to Ali with utmost gladness. Even Umar came out and welcomed Ali by saying: Welcome, Welcome, son of Abu Talib, from today you are continuing to be the master of the believing men and believing women. All this incidents like declaration of Mawlayat, peoples took Oath of Allegiance to Mawla Ali (A.S). This happened at the state of Ihram of Prophet Muhammad(S.A).during his farewell Hajj.
Posted on: Thu, 02 Oct 2014 15:33:35 +0000
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