2013년 200대 미술품 콜렉터 (1) Who Will Bid $50 Million? BY Milton Esterow POSTED 07/09/13 The top ten collectors on the 2013 ARTnews 200 When Henry Clay Frick bought Velázquez’s Portrait of Philip IV in 1911 for $475,000, he learned that the king had paid Velázquez about $600 for the painting. Frick calculated the compound interest at six percent on $600 from 1644 to 1911 and concluded that the price the king had paid for the portrait would work out, three centuries later, to 3,233,020,000 francs, according to the late Maurice Rheims, a Paris collector and auctioneer. The king had made a poor investment, and Frick was “betraying the secret preoccupation of many collectors, which is to ensure that a work of art is as good an investment as it is attractive to look at,” Rheims wrote. Whatever their secret preoccupations, new collectors continue to emerge throughout the world and are entering the art market at the highest level. Seventeen collectors are new to the 2013 ARTnews 200 and one is new to the Top Ten, our lists of the most active collectors. They come from Russia, Brazil, China, Japan, England, Canada, the Netherlands, Finland, and the United States. This is our 23rd year publishing the lists. Our correspondents interviewed dealers, auctioneers, collectors, museum directors, curators, and consultants in many countries. Top-Ten-2013 According to Forbes magazine, there are 1,426 billionaires with an aggregate net worth of $5.4 trillion. The United States leads the list with 442 billionaires, followed by Asia-Pacific (386). One art-world observer of billionaires told me recently, “You know the difference between them and us? For us, it’s money. For them it’s a wire transfer.” I asked several art experts how many billionaires are prepared to spend, for example, $20 million on a work of art. “Over 200,” said Marc Blondeau, who heads Blondeau & Cie, a Geneva gallery specializing in 19th- and 20th-century art. How many would go over $50 million? “About 100.” Charles Moffett, executive vice president and vice chairman of Sotheby’s worldwide Impressionist, modern, and contemporary art department: “I’d say the figure for those going over $20 million is about 150. There are about 100 who would go over $50 million.” Last year Sotheby’s sold 13 works of art for over $20 million. Christie’s sold 20. David Nash of the Mitchell-Innes & Nash Gallery in New York, which deals in contemporary and modern art, believes that there are about 200 very rich collectors who would shell out $20 million or more on one artwork. “As to $50 million on one work, well, $50 million isn’t what it used to be, but I’d say between 50 and 100,” he said. Nash is now working with Walter Feilchenfeldt, a Zurich art dealer, and Jayne Warman, an art historian, on updating the 1996 catalogue raisonné of Cézanne paintings. The work was compiled by the late scholar and teacher John Rewald in collaboration with Feilchenfeldt and Warman. In 2011, one of Cézanne’s Card Players series was sold for $250 million to the royal family of Qatar. Warman said that in 1895, when Cézanne was virtually unknown, Ambroise Vollard, who was Cézanne’s dealer, sold a small Cézanne painting, Bather with Outstretched Arms, to Degas. The price was said to be $40. At the same time, one observer wrote, Julien Tanguy, a Paris dealer in art supplies and art, sold small paintings by Cézanne for $8 but had trouble finding buyers. 200대 컬렉터 리스트 Shelley Fox Aarons and Philip E. Aarons New York Real estate Contemporary art Roman Abramovich and Dasha Zhukova Moscow Steel, mining, investments, and professional soccer (Chelsea Football Club) Modern and contemporary art Ricard Akagawa São Paulo, Brazil Travel Agency Latin American contemporary art Paul Allen Seattle Computer software and sports franchises Impressionism; Old Masters; modern and contemporary art María Asunción Aramburuzabala Mexico City Beverages and investments Modern and contemporary art Hélène and Bernard Arnault Paris Luxury goods (LVMH) Contemporary art Laura and John Arnold Houston Hedge fund Postwar and contemporary art Hans Rasmus Astrup Oslo Shipping- and finance-related activities Contemporary art Maria Baibakova and Oleg Baybakov Moscow; New York Commodities Industry and real estate Contemporary art Cristina and Thomas W. Bechtler-Lanfranconi Küsnacht, Switzerland Investments and real estate Contemporary art; photography Maria and William Bell Jr. Los Angeles Television production Modern and contemporary art Yang Bin Beijing Car Dealer Modern and contemporary Chinese art Debra and Leon Black New York Investment banking Old Masters; Impressionism; modern painting; Chinese sculpture; contemporary art Len Blavatnik New York; London Investments (music industry, other companies) Modern and contemporary art Nelson Blitz Jr. and Catherine Woodard New York and Rye, New York HVAC mechanical contracting German Expressionism; modern and contemporary art; Wiener Werkstätte metalwork and furniture Neil G. Bluhm Chicago Real estate Postwar and contemporary art Christian Boros Berlin Advertising; communication; publishing Contemporary art Irma and Norman Braman Miami Beach Automobile dealerships Modern and contemporary art Udo Brandhorst Munich Insurance Postwar and contemporary art Peter M. Brant Greenwich, Connecticut Newsprint manufacturing Contemporary art; design; furniture Edythe L. and Eli Broad Los Angeles Financial services and housing development (retired) Contemporary art Bettina and Donald L. Bryant Jr. New York; Napa and Indian Wells, California Executive and employee benefits, wine making (Bryant Family Vineyard) Old Masters; American masters of the second half of the 20th century; Abstract Expressionism, especially de Kooning Melva Bucksbaum and Raymond Learsy Colorado; Connecticut; New York Inheritance (shopping malls) and commodities trading Contemporary art Frieder Burda Baden-Baden, Germany Publishing Modern and contemporary art Monique and Max Burger Hong Kong Investments Post-1990s art Joop van Caldenborgh Wassenaar, the Netherlands Chemical industry (Caldic) Modern and contemporary art, especially Conceptual; photography; sculpture Mickey Cartin New York Investments Late medieval and Early Renaissance painting; 20th-century painting; emerging artists; illuminated manuscripts Richard Chang New York; Beijing Investments Contemporary art Pierre Chen Taipei, Taiwan Electronics Modern and contemporary art Halit Cingillioglu Istanbul Banking Impressionism; postwar, modern, and contemporary art Ella Fontanals Cisneros Madrid; Gstaad, Switzerland Investments, real estate, and telecommunications Contemporary art, video, and photography, with an emphasis on architecture and historical geometric abstraction from Latin America Patricia Phelps de Cisneros and Gustavo A. Cisneros Caracas, Venezuela; Dominican Republic; New York Media, entertainment, telecommunications, consumer products, and travel resorts Modern and contemporary Latin American art; 19th-century traveler artists to Latin America; colonial art and objects from Latin America; Amazonian ethnographic objects Alexandra and Steven A. Cohen Greenwich, Connecticut Hedge fund Impressionism; modern and contemporary art Cherryl and Frank Cohen Cheshire, England Home-improvement stores Contemporary art; modern British art Eduardo F. Costantini Buenos Aires Asset management and real estate Modern and contemporary Latin American art Rosa and Carlos de la Cruz Key Biscayne, Florida Coca-Cola bottling in Puerto Rico and the Caribbean Contemporary art Dimitris Daskalopoulos Athens Financial services and investment company (Damma Holdings SA) Contemporary art, especially large-scale installations; sculpture, drawings, collage, film, and video Hélène and Michel Alexandre David-Weill New York and Long Island, New York; Paris and Cap d’Antibes, France Banking 17th-, 18th-, and 19th-century French painting Philippe Decelle Brussels Construction Plastic design, especially Pop furniture made between 1960 and 1973 Beth Rudin DeWoody New York and Southampton, New York; West Palm Beach, Florida Real estate Modern and contemporary art Robert and Renee Drake Wassenaar, Netherlands Commodities Contemporary art Glenn Dubin New York Asset Management Modern and contemporary art Barney Ebsworth Seattle Cruise ships and luxury travel (Intrav) 20th-century American art; Old Masters Stefan T. Edlis and H. Gael Neeson Chicago; Aspen, Colorado Plastics manufacturing (retired) Postwar and contemporary art Carl Gustaf Ehrnrooth Helsinki Construction and Investments Scandinavian, European, and American contemporary art Caryl and Israel Englander New York Hedge fund Contemporary art Agnes and Karlheinz Essl Vienna and Klosterneuburg, Austria Retail (bauMax) Contemporary art, especially Austrian and German painting Harald Falckenberg Hamburg, Germany Law practice and filling-station equipment Contemporary German and American art Frank J. Fertitta III and Lorenzo Fertitta Las Vegas Casinos (Station Casinos) and professional fighting (Ultimate Fighting Championship) Modern and contemporary art Aaron I. Fleischman Miami Beach Law and investments Modern and contemporary art Maxine and Stuart Frankel Bloomfield Hills, Michigan Real estate Minimalism; abstract art; ceramics; new media art Amanda and Glenn R. Fuhrman New York Investments (MSD Capital) Contemporary art Soichiro Fukutake Okayama, Japan Publishing Impressionism; contemporary art Antoine de Galbert Paris Inheritance Primitive art; contemporary art Danielle and David Ganek New York Family office and novelist Contemporary art; photography Princess Gloria von Thurn und Taxis Regensburg, Germany Inheritance and investments Contemporary art Ingvild Goetz Munich Inheritance (mail-order retail) Contemporary art Noam Gottesman New York Hedge fund Postwar and contemporary art Laurence Graff Gstaad, Switzerland Jewelry Modern and contemporary art Grässlin family Saint Georgen, Germany Manufacturing Contemporary art, especially German, Austrian, and American Esther Grether Basel, Switzerland Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics distribution Modern and contemporary art Anne and Kenneth C. Griffin Chicago Hedge fund Post-Impressionism Florence and Daniel Guerlain Paris Inheritance (perfume) Contemporary art, especially drawing Agnes Gund New York; Peninsula, Ohio; Kent, Connecticut Inheritance Modern and contemporary art Nathalie and Charles de Gunzburg New York Investments Postwar and contemporary art Francesca von Habsburg Vienna Inheritance Contemporary art Mania and Bernhard Hahnloser Bern, Switzerland Inheritance, government Post-Impressionism; Surrealism; contemporary art Margrit and Paul Hahnloser Zurich Inheritance, surgeon Post-Impressionism; contemporary art Christine and Andrew Hall Westport, Connecticut Commodities trading Contemporary art, especially German Diane and Bruce Halle Arizona Tires (discount tire company) Latin American art; contemporary sculpture Prince Hans-Adam II von und zu Liechtenstein Vaduz, Liechtenstein Inheritance Old Masters Barbara and Axel Haubrok Berlin Consulting Contemporary art, especially installations Elizabeth and Richard Hedreen Seattle Real estate Modern and contemporary art Ydessa Hendeles Toronto Investments Contemporary art; photography Annick and Anton Herbert Ghent, Belgium Textile machinery Conceptual art, Minimalism, arte povera, and 1980s art Ronald Hess Liebefeld-Bern, Switzerland Vineyards and properties International contemporary art Janine and J. Tomilson Hill New York Investment banking Postwar and contemporary art; Renaissance bronzes Damien Hirst London and Devon, England; Mexico Artist Modern and contemporary art Erika Hoffmann Berlin Fashion and real estate Contemporary art Susan and Michael Hort New York; New Jersey Printing Contemporary art Alan Howard London Hedge Fund Impressionist and modern art Frank Huang Taipei, Taiwan Computer hardware Chinese porcelain; Impressionist and modern painting Dakis Joannou Athens Construction Contemporary art Edward “Ned” Johnson III Boston Finance (Fidelity Investments) 19th- and 20th-century American painting, furniture, and decorative arts; Asian art and ceramics Nasser David Khalili London Real estate and investments Islamic art; Japanese art of the Meiji period; Swedish textiles; Spanish damascened metalwork; enamels of the world Kim Chang-Il Cheonan, South Korea Property development, retail, and transportation Contemporary art Alison and Peter W. Klein Eberdingen-Nussdorf, Germany Real estate (Peter Klein Real Estate) Contemporary painting and photography; Aboriginal art Jeanne and Michael L. Klein Austin, Texas; Santa Fe Oil and gas exploration and production Postwar and contemporary art Uli Knecht Stuttgart, Germany Fashion design and retail Contemporary art, especially Pop and German art Alicia Koplowitz Madrid Real estate and investments Old Masters; modern art Jill and Peter Kraus New York and Dutchess County, New York Investment management Contemporary art Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis New York; Vail, Colorado Finance and investments Modern and contemporary art; French furniture Pierre Lagrange London Hedge fund Postwar and contemporary art Barbara and Jon Landau New York Entertainment Renaissance painting and sculpture; 19th-century French and English painting Emily Fisher Landau New York; Palm Beach, Florida Real estate Contemporary American art Steven and Michael Latner Toronto Real estate Modern and contemporary art Joseph Lau Hong Kong Real estate Modern and contemporary art, especially Warhol Jo Carole and Ronald S. Lauder New York and Wainscott, New York; Washington, D.C.; Palm Beach, Florida; Paris Cosmetics (the EstÉe Lauder companies inc.) Late-19th- and early-20th-century art, especially German and Austrian; decorative art; medieval art; arms and armor Barbara Lee Cambridge, Massachusetts Investments Contemporary art by women Thomas H. Lee and Ann Tenenbaum New York and East Hampton, New York; Lincoln, Massachusetts; Palm Beach, Florida Investment banking Modern and contemporary art; photography Liz and Eric Lefkofsky Glencoe, Illinois Venture investments Contemporary art Barbara and Aaron Levine Washington, D.C. Law practice Conceptual art Joe Lewis Nassau, the Bahamas Finance, investments, and currency trading Modern art Mimi and Filiep Libeert Kortrijk, Belgium Textiles Contemporary art Liu Yiqian and Wang Wei Shanghai Investments Ancient and contemporary Chinese art Margaret Munzer Loeb and Daniel S. Loeb New York and East Hampton, New York Hedge fund Postwar and contemporary art; feminist art Eugenio López Alonso Mexico City; Los Angeles Beverages (Jumex) Contemporary art Ninah and Michael Lynne New York; Miami Film production (Unique Features) Contemporary art Susan and John Magnier County Tipperary, Ireland; Geneva; Marbella, Spain; Barbados Horse breeding and investments 18th-century British painting; 20th-century Irish art; equestrian art; modern art Nancy and Robert Magoon Aspen, Colorado Medical practice and real estate Contemporary art Sherry and Joel Mallin New York and Pound Ridge, New York Investments Modern and contemporary art, especially sculpture Maurice Marciano Beverly Hills Apparel (Guess) Contemporary art Martin Z. Margulies Key Biscayne, Florida Real-estate development Modern and contemporary art Donald B. Marron New York Private equity Modern and contemporary art David Martinez London; New York Investment management (Fintech Advisory) Modern and contemporary art Susan and Larry Marx Aspen, Colorado; Marina del Rey, California Investments and real estate (retired) Postwar and contemporary art, especially Abstract Expressionism and works on paper Dimitri Mavromatis Paris Investment banking and asset management Postwar and modern art John S. Middleton Philadelphia Manufacturing 19th- and 20th-century American art Leonid Mikhelson Moscow Gas Company (NOVATEK) Impressionism; modern art; Old Masters Pamela and Jarl Mohn Los Angeles Venture capital Minimalism; Light and Space art; emerging L.A. artists Victoria and Samuel I. Newhouse Jr. New York Publishing Modern and contemporary art Philip S. Niarchos Saint Moritz, Switzerland Shipping and finance Old Masters; Impressionism; modern and contemporary art Takeo Obayashi Tokyo General contracting Contemporary art Daniel Och Scarsdale, New York Hedge Fund Contemporary and modern art Maja Oeri and Hans U. Bodenmann Basel, Switzerland Inheritance (pharmaceuticals) Contemporary art José Olympio and Andrea Pereira São Paulo, Brazil Investment Banking Modern and contemporary Brazilian art Rose-Marie and Eijk van Otterloo Naples, Florida Investment fund Dutch and Flemish Old Master painting Michael Ovitz Los Angeles Entertainment, finance, and investments Contemporary art; Ming furniture; African art Mary and John Pappajohn Des Moines, Iowa; New York Venture capital Modern and contemporary art Bernardo Paz Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil Mining Contemporary art Marsha and Jeffrey Perelman Wynnewood, Pennsylvania Manufacturing Postwar and contemporary art Amy and John Phelan New York; Aspen, Colorado Investments (MSD Capital) Contemporary art François Pinault Paris Luxury goods (Kering) and auctions (Christie’s) Contemporary art Victor Pinchuk Kiev, Ukraine Investment Advisory group (EastOne Group) Contemporary art Ron Pizzuti Orlando, Florida; New York; Columbus, Ohio Real-estate development (The Pizzuti Companies) Modern and contemporary art and design Heather and Tony Podesta Washington, D.C.; Falls Church, Virginia Lobbying Contemporary photography, sculpture, and painting Miuccia Prada and Patrizio Bertelli Milan Fashion Contemporary art Véronique and Louis-Antoine Prat Paris Inheritance (manufacturing) 17th-, 18th-, and 19th-century French drawings Lisa S. and John A. Pritzker San Francisco Hotels and investments Photography Cindy and Howard Rachofsky Dallas Investments Contemporary and postwar American and European art; postwar Japanese art Emily and Mitchell Rales Potomac, Maryland; New York Tool industry Modern and contemporary art Steven Rales Washington, D.C. Tool industry Impressionism; modern and contemporary art Louise and Leonard Riggio New York and Bridgehampton, New York; Palm Beach, Florida Retail (Barnes & Noble) Modern and contemporary art Ellen and Michael Ringier Zurich Publishing Contemporary art; Russian avant-garde art Inge Rodenstock Grünewald, Germany Inheritance Contemporary German, American, and British art Deedie and Rusty Rose Dallas Investments Contemporary European, American, and Latin American art; contemporary jewelry Aby J. Rosen New York and Southampton, New York Real estate Modern and contemporary art; contemporary photography Eric de Rothschild Paris and Pauillac, France Banking Old Masters; modern and contemporary art Mera and Donald Rubell Miami; Washington, D.C. Medical practice (retired), education, real estate, and hotels; own public contemporary-art foundation Contemporary art Betty and Isaac Rudman Dominican Republic Imports and manufacturing (home appliances) Latin American art; numismatics; pre-Columbian art Dmitry Rybolovlev Moscow Fertilizer 19th- and 20th-century painting Charles Saatchi London Advertising International contemporary art Lily Safra Geneva Inheritance 19th- and 20th-century art Sainsbury family London Supermarkets Impressionism; modern and contemporary art; world art Jeannette and Martijn Sanders Aerdenhout, the Netherlands Orchestra management (Concertgebouw) Post-1980s American and European art Marieke and Pieter Sanders Jr. Haarlem, the Netherlands Corporate-law practice Dutch art; sculpture; contemporary American and European art Roger and Victoria Sant Washington, D.C. Energy 19th- and 20th-century European and American art Fayez Sarofim Houston Investment counseling Modern and contemporary art; Coptic art; 19th-century American art; Old Masters Louisa Stude Sarofim Houston; Santa Fe Investments Modern and contemporary art and works on paper Tatsumi Sato Hiroshima, Japan Manufacturing (radiators) Contemporary art; primitive art; antique textiles Ute and Rudolf Scharpff Stuttgart, Germany Management Postwar and contemporary art Christiane Schaufler-Münch and Peter Schaufler Sindelfingen, Germany Industry (refrigeration compressors) Postwar and contemporary art Chara Schreyer San Francisco and Los Angeles Real estate Modern and contemporary art, photography, and sculpture Helen and Charles Schwab San Francisco and Atherton, California Investment firm Modern and contemporary art Marianne and Alan Schwartz Bloomfield Hills, Michigan Law practice Old Masters; modern prints Lenore and Adam Sender Miami; New York Financial services Contemporary art Thomas Shao Beijing Publishing Modern and contemporary Chinese art Uli Sigg Mauensee, Switzerland Media (Ringier Group) Contemporary art, especially Asian Peter Simon London Retail (Monsoon) Contemporary art Carlos Slim Helú Mexico City Telecommunications, finance, and retail Old Masters; pre-Columbian and colonial Mexican art; modern art, especially Rodin Eric Smidt Los Angeles Tools New York School; contemporary art Jerry I. Speyer and Katherine G. Farley New York Real estate Contemporary art Blema and Arnold Steinberg Montreal; New York Education (chancellor of McGill University) Modern and contemporary art; Chinese antiquities Judy and Michael H. Steinhardt New York and Mount Kisco, New York Investment firm Classical antiquities; modern art, especially drawings; Judaica; Peruvian feathered textiles Gayle and Paul Stoffel Dallas; Palm Springs, California; Aspen, Colorado Investments Contemporary art Norah and Norman Stone San Francisco and Napa Valley, California Psychology, law practice, and private investments Contemporary art Julia Stoschek Düsseldorf, Germany Industry (automotive accessories) Contemporary art, especially film, video, and new media Iris and Matthew Strauss Rancho Sante Fe, California Private real-estate investments (M. C. Strauss Company) Contemporary art Sylvia and Ulrich Ströher Darmstadt, Germany Inheritance (beauty products) German abstract postwar art; contemporary German painting Lisa and Steven Tananbaum Westchester, New York; Palm Beach, Florida Asset management Postwar and contemporary art Toby and Joey Tanenbaum Toronto; Naples, Florida Real estate and hydroelectric power African art; naive art; Mayan art Benedikt Taschen Los Angeles; Berlin Publishing Contemporary art, especially American, German, and British Budi Tek Shanghai; Jakarta, Indonesia Integrated poultry and processed-food business International contemporary art, especially Chinese and Western Sheikha Al Mayassa bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani Doha, Qatar Inheritance Modern and contemporary art David Thomson Toronto Media Old Masters; modern and contemporary art Jane and Robert Toll Bucks County, Pennsylvania Luxury homes (Toll Brothers Inc.) French Impressionism; American art Robbi and Bruce E. Toll Rydal, Pennsylvania Luxury homes (Toll Brothers Inc.) Elizabethan and Jacobean painting; Impressionism; Post-Impressionism; 20th-century sculpture; American art Myriam and Guy Ullens Verbier, Switzerland; Ohain, Belgium Industry, including refined sugar Contemporary Chinese art Dean Valentine Beverly Hills, California Media entrepreneur Contemporary art Walter Vanhaerents Brussels Real estate and construction Contemporary art Edith and Mark Vanmoerkerke Oostende, Belgium Real estate Contemporary European and American art Barbara and John Vogelstein New York Private equity AND INVESTMENTS Modern and contemporary art Alice Walton Fort Worth Inheritance (Wal-Mart) American art; contemporary art Jutta and Siegfried Weishaupt Ulm, Germany Industry (fuel technology) Postwar and contemporary art, especially Abstract Expressionism, Zero, and Pop Abigail and Leslie H. Wexner Columbus, Ohio Retail (limited brands) Modern and contemporary art; British sporting pictures Reinhold Würth Niedernhall, Germany; Salzburg, Austria Industry (hardware) Medieval art; postwar and contemporary art Stephen A. Wynn Las Vegas Casino resorts French Impressionism; modern and contemporary art Tadashi Yanai Yamaguchi City, Japan Fashion retailing (Uniqlo) Modern and contemporary art Anita and Poju Zabludowicz London Technology and real estate Contemporary art Qiao Zhibing Shanghai entertainment industry Contemporary Chinese art
Posted on: Sat, 23 Aug 2014 04:10:46 +0000
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