ACUPUNCTURE & AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (ANS) Autonomic anti-inflammatory reflex elicited by acupuncture has been postulated by virtue of acupuncture’s anti-inflammation effect and ability to poise autonomic nervous system (ANS). It has been showed that long term EA can regulate immune cells such as T and B cell in lymph nodes [70] and splenic natural killer (NK) cells [71] in mouse. Elimination of immune regulation by naloxone [71] implied EA as an opioid-mediated immune modulator. In hyperalgesic animal models, inflammatory responses (edema and hyperalgesia) reduced by EA [72-74] is also mediated by opioids [75]. However, the fact that local injection of naloxane isn’t able to eliminate the immediate anti-inflammation effect of EA [73, 75] may imply a faster neuronal pathway way other than opioid-mediated one. Indeed, EA is capable to adjust inflammatory profiles in the CNS. In the hypothalamus, commonly regarded as homeostasis center, the expression of mRNA of proinflammatory cytokines by lipopolysaccharide stimulation is reduced after EA [76]. Proteomic analysis has revealed that inflammatory protein levels are normalized in the hypothalamus after EA stimulation [77]. Taken together, a CNS-mediated non-opioid anti-inflammatory effect of acupuncture is implicated. intechopen/books/acupuncture-in-modern-medicine/current-trends-in-acupuncture-research-from-analgesia-to-physiological-function-of-brain
Posted on: Fri, 05 Sep 2014 13:11:01 +0000
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