Duhugurane mu mategeko,ikiganiro cya PPR-Imena ku butabera. IGIHE CYOSE UMUNTU ATARI YAHAMWA NICYAHA ABA ARI UMWERE. (LA PRESOMPTION DINNOCENCE). Hari ibintu bitatu bitandukanye,abantu batajya basobanukirwa bigatuma bashobora kurengana cyangwa kurenganya mu buryo butari bumwe. 1.Gukora icyaha 2.Gucyekwaho icyaha 3.Guhamwa nicyaha. Itegeko risobanura neza uko umuntu uri muri ibyo bihe bitandukanye afatwa,kugirango uburenganzira bwe nkikiremwamuntu bukomeze kubahirizwa.Ikibabaje ariko,nuko hari igihe inzego zibishinzwe zibyirengagiza;byaba zitabizi cyangwa zibigiriye nkana. 1.Gukora icyaha,ni ugukora igikorwa icyo aricyo cyose kibujijwe nitegeko cyangwa kudakora icyo itegeko rigusaba gukora,waba utabizi,waba ubibwirijwe,waba ubigambiriye cyangwa utabigambiriye bipfa kuba hari uko itegeko ribiteganya. 2.Gucyekwaho icyaha:ubundi kugirango igikorwa runaka kitwe icyaha(qualifié infraction),kigomba kuba cyujuje ibi bikurikira: A)Element legal(kuba giteganywa nitegeko) B)Element moral(kuba cyakozwe bigambiriwe kandi nkana) C)Element materiel(kuba hari ibyo wagikoresheje). Kubera izo mpamvu,iyo habayeho ikorwa ryicyaha umuntu ashobora gukekwa ko: -Yaba ariwe wagikoze(auteur) -Yafashije uwagikoze(coauteur) -Ari icyitso(complice). Umuntu ntapfa gukekwa rero gusa,hagomba kubaho icyo bita indices serieux de culpabilite,,ariko usanga hari ubwo ibi abantu babirenganiramo,ubuyobozi bugahumbahumba abantu bose ngo bikunde bigaragare ko bukora.. MURI MAKE IYO HABAYEHO GUKEKWAHO ICYAHA,BIGENDA GUTE? Ubugenzacyaha butangira akazi kabwo,bubisabwe nuwakorewe icyaha(victime),umuhagarariye(son ayant droit) cyangwa bubyibwirije kuko iyo icyaha gikozwe,ni umuryango wose(igihugu) kiba gihemukiwe bityo leta ibyibwirije ishobora gutangira gukurikirana icyaha. Hagati aho,ukekwa ashobora gukurikiranwa ari hanze,cyangwa akaba acumbikiwe aribyo twita detention preventive.(ibyo byose itegeko rigira uko ribiteganya). KUKI HABAHO DETENTION PREVENTIVE? Kubera imiterere,uburemere ningaruka icyaha gishobora kugira;habaho gucumbikira ucyekwaho gukora icyaha kubera impamvu zikurikira: -Kwanga ko atoroka cyangwa agasibanganya ibimenyetso, -Kwanga ko akomeza gukora ibyaha -Kumurindira umutekano kugirango hatabaho kwihorera abantu bakikorera ubutabera kandi bitemewe. HAGATI AHO,UCYEKWAHO ICYAHA ABA AFASHWE ATE? Nasanze kuri iyi ngingo yaba abaturage,cyangwa bamwe mu bayobozi batari basobanukirwa icyo itegeko ribivugaho,,kuko usanga akenshi inkoni irisha,,,(aha abantu batunga agatoki imitwe ya local defence force(ldf) ubu yabaye DASSO,umutwe winkeragutabara(army reserve),yemwe na Polisi yigihugu hato na hato.Iyo ushaka kumenya uko bigenda,wegera umuturage niwe ubiguha neza ngo ukuntu izi nzego zizwiho guhana(gukosora). Wa mugani wacu rero,inkoni ivuna igufwa ntivuna ingeso,,...leta ikwiye gushyiraho gahunda yo kwigisha abantu amategeko,abantu bakayabamo mu buzima bwa buri munsi,bigeza aho nuwakoze icyaha umutimanama we uzajya umukomanga akigaragaza atagombye kubanza kujijisha inzego zubutabera.Ibi mbitanzeho urugero,hari abajya kwirega rwose ko bakoze icyaha(nibyo bita kwigemura)gusa biba gacye,....ariko nako kagaragaza ko habayeho kwigishwa byashoboka(aha tujya dushima uruhare rwa community policing kuko usibye gukumira ibyaha bitaraba,runakangurira abaturage kugaragaza abanyabyaha nta marangamutima abayemo kugirango hatagira ababirenganiramo bitari ngombwa). Gukubitwa,gukorerwa nibindi bikorwa byiyicarubozo ntibyemewe...ngo ngaha umuntu akunde yemere icyaha,kuko hari ubwo bikorwa,bigatuma umuntu yemera icyaha atakoze,uwagikoze yigaramiye ahubwo bikamwongerera amahirwe yo gukomeza gukora ibindi. Gufatwa no gucumbikirwa,itegeko riteganya uko bigomba kugenda(procedure),nigihe bikorerwamo(les delais),...mu gihe hategerejweko ubutabera bufata umwanzuro(se prononcer).Amategeko mu mubumbe wayo usanga asobanutse,ariko akenshi ugasanga abashinzwe kuyashyira no kuyashyirisha mu bikorwa barayarengaho.Ingaruka zibi byose zigenda ziza buhoro buhoro,ugasanga cyera kabaye abantu bigize indakoreka nibigande! Ibihano amategeko atanga birasobanutse,...yemwe ninkoni cyangwa torture ntaho bivugwa kuwamaze guhamwa nicyaha...kuki hari aho bikigaragara? Ibi byaba ari akarengane ku ruhande rumwe,no kwica amategeko ku rundi ruhande. Kuri izi ngingo zose rero,nizindi tuzarushaho kugenda tugaragaza,nkishyaka PPR-Imena ribona ko kugirango ubutabera mu Rwanda bugere ku nshingano zabwo,itegeko rigombye kubahirizwa uko riri mu ngingo zaryo zose,abantu bakumva ko nta muntu uri hejuru yitegeko(egalite devant la loi),kandi bakigishwa ko ntawe ukwiye kubaho yiyobagiza,cyangwa yitwaza ko atazi itegeko(nul nest cense ignorer la loi).Ibi nibyo tuzakomeza kuganiraho ubutaha.
Posted on: Sat, 08 Nov 2014 09:20:49 +0000