Film director From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A film director is a person who directs the making of a film. Generally, a film director controls a films artistic and dramatic aspects, and visualizes the script while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision.[1] Contents [hide] 1 Responsibilities 2 Becoming a film director 3 Characteristics of film directors 4 Professional organizations 5 Notable film directors 6 See also 7 References 8 Bibliography 9 External links Responsibilities[edit] The film director, on the right, gives last minute direction to the cast and crew, while filming a costume drama on location in London. Film directors create an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized.[2] Realizing this vision includes overseeing the artistic and technical elements of film production, as well as directing the shooting timetable and meeting deadlines.[3] This entails organizing the film crew in such a way as to achieve his or her vision of the film.[4] [5] This requires skills of group leadership, as well as the ability to maintain a singular focus even in the stressful environment of a film set.[6] Moreover it is necessary to have an artistic eye to frame shots and to give precise feedback to cast and crew,[7] thus, excellent communication skills are a must.[8] Since the film director depends on the successful cooperation of many different creative individuals with possibly strongly contradicting artistic ideals and visions, he or she also needs to possess conflict resolution skills in order to mediate whenever necessary. [9] Thus the director ensures that all individuals involved in the film production are working towards an identical vision for the completed film.[4] The set of varying challenges he or she has to tackle has been described as a multi-dimensional jigsaw puzzle with egos and weather thrown in for good measure.[10] It adds to the pressure that the success of a film can influence when and how they will work again. [11] Omnipresent are the boundaries of the films budget.[12] Additionally, the director may also have to ensure an intended age rating.[13] Theoretically the sole superior of a director is the studio that is financing the film, [14] [2] however a poor working relationship between a film director and an actor could possibly result in the director being replaced if the actor is a major film star.[15] Even so, it is arguable that the director spends more time on a project than anyone else, considering that the director is one of the few positions that requires intimate involvement during every stage of film production. Thus, the position of film director is widely considered to be a highly stressful and demanding one.[1] It has been said that 20-hour days are not unusual.[2] Becoming a film director[edit] Some film directors started as screenwriters, film editors or actors.[16] Other film directors have visited a film school to get formal training and education in their craft. [17] Film students generally study the basic skills utilized in making a film. [18] This includes, for example, preparation, shot lists and storyboards, blocking, protocols of dealing with professional actors, and reading scripts.[19] Some film schools are equipped with sound stages and post-production facilities[20] Besides basic technical and logistical skills, students also receive education on the nature of professional relationships that occur during film production.[21] A full degree course can be designed for up to five years of studying.[22] Future directors usually complete short films during their enrolment.[1] The National Film School of Denmark has the students final projects presented on national TV. [23] Some film schools retain the rights for their students works.[24] Many directors successfully prepared for making feature films by working in television.[25] The German Film and Television Academy Berlin consequently cooperates with the Berlin/Brandenburg TV station RBB (Berlin-Brandenburg Broadcasting) and ARTE.[26] Characteristics of film directors[edit] Ingmar Bergman apparently examines an x-ray film, during work on Wild Strawberries. Here, director William Eubank performs multiple roles on-set as both director and camera operator. Different directors can vary immensely amongst themselves, under various characteristics. Several examples are: Outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue. Notable examples include Ingmar Bergman, Christopher Guest, Wong Kar-wai, Spike Lee, Wim Wenders, Mike Leigh, Barry Levinson, Jean-Luc Godard, Miklós Jancsó, Gus Van Sant, Judd Apatow, Jay and Mark Duplass, and occasionally Robert Altman, Sergio Leone and Federico Fellini. Control every aspect, and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely. Notable examples include David Lean, Akira Kurosawa, Steven Spielberg, Victor Fleming, James Cameron, George Lucas, Stanley Kubrick, Sidney Lumet, Christopher Nolan, David Fincher, Guillermo del Toro and Alfred Hitchcock. Write their own screenplays. Notable examples include Woody Allen, Werner Herzog, Alejandro Jodorowsky, John Cassavetes, Ingmar Bergman, Stanley Kubrick, Quentin Tarantino, James Cameron, George Lucas, J. F. Lawton, David Cronenberg, Charlie Chaplin, Billy Wilder, Ed Wood, David Lynch, the Coen brothers, Francis Ford Coppola, Sofia Coppola, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Pedro Almodóvar, John Hughes, Nick Park, Edward Burns, Kevin Smith, Todd Field, Cameron Crowe, Oren Peli, Eli Roth, Paul Thomas Anderson, Guillermo del Toro, Rainer Werner Fassbinder, Oliver Stone, Terrence Malick, John Singleton, Spike Lee, Orson Welles, Akira Kurosawa, Hayao Miyazaki, M. Night Shyamalan, Paul Haggis, Billy Bob Thornton, James Wong, Tyler Perry, Robert Rodriguez, Christopher Nolan, George A. Romero, Sergio Leone, Satyajit Ray, Joss Whedon and David O. Russell. Steven Spielberg and Sidney J. Furie have written screenplays for a small number of their films. Collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners. Notable examples include Alejandro González Iñárritu and Guillermo Arriaga, Elia Kazan and Tennessee Williams, Terry Gilliam and Charles McKeown/Tony Grisoni, Wes Anderson and Owen Wilson/Noah Baumbach, Edgar Wright and Simon Pegg, Martin Scorsese and Nicholas Pileggi/Paul Schrader/Jay Cocks, Yasujirō Ozu and Kôgo Noda, Peter Jackson and Fran Walsh, Alexander Payne and Jim Taylor, Robert Zemeckis and Bob Gale, Luis Buñuel and Jean-Claude Carrière/Luis Alcoriza, Krzysztof Kieślowski/Krzysztof Piesiewicz, Frank Capra/Robert Riskin, Michelangelo Antonioni/Tonino Guerra, Billy Wilder/I.A.L. Diamond, Sergio Leone and Sergio Donati, Guillermo del Toro and Matthew Robbins, and Christopher Nolan/Jonathan Nolan/David S. Goyer. Edit and/or shoot their own films. Notable examples include Nicolas Roeg, Akira Kurosawa, Peter Hyams, Steven Soderbergh, Josef von Sternberg, David Lean, Don Coscarelli, Charlie Chaplin, Robert Rodriguez, James Cameron, Ed Wood, Gaspar Noe, Tony Kaye, Takeshi Kitano, Andy Warhol, Shinya Tsukamoto, Kenneth Anger, the Coen brothers. Appear in their films. Notable examples include Clint Eastwood, Orson Welles, Mel Gibson, Martin Scorsese, Peter Jackson, John Waters, John Carpenter, Spike Lee, Tyler Perry, Rainer Werner Fassbinder, Kevin Costner, Kenneth Anger, Woody Allen, Jon Favreau, Quentin Tarantino, Eli Roth, Michael Bay, Mel Brooks, Ben Stiller, Alejandro Jodorowsky, Charlie Chaplin, Terry Jones, Edward Burns, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Sam Raimi, Roman Polanski, Billy Bob Thornton, Sylvester Stallone, M. Night Shyamalan, Harold Ramis, Robert De Niro, John Woo, Kevin Smith, Warren Beatty, Kenneth Branagh and Ed Wood. Alfred Hitchcock, Abel Ferrara, Shawn Levy, Edgar Wright and Spike Jonze made cameo appearances in their films. Compose a music score for their films. Notable examples include Charlie Chaplin, Clint Eastwood, David Lynch, Alejandro Jodorowsky, John Carpenter, Alejandro Amenábar, Satyajit Ray, Robert Rodriguez, Tom Tykwer and Vishal Bhardwaj. Professional organizations[edit] In the United States, directors usually belong to the Directors Guild of America. The Canadian equivalent is the Directors Guild of Canada. In the UK, directors usually belong to Directors UK or the Directors Guild of Great Britain. In Europe, FERA, the Federation of European Film Directors, represents 37 national directors guilds in 30 countries. Notable film directors[edit] J.J. Abrams Ben Affleck Woody Allen Pedro Almodóvar Robert Altman Lindsay Anderson Michael Anderson Paul Thomas Anderson Wes Anderson Theodoros Angelopoulos Jean-Jacques Annaud Sathyan Anthikad Michelangelo Antonioni Judd Apatow Andrea Arnold Dario Argento Darren Aronofsky Dorothy Arzner Richard Attenborough Kailasam Balachander Mario Bava Ingmar Bergman Bernardo Bertolucci Bharathan Bharathiraja Kathryn Bigelow Brad Bird John Boorman Danny Boyle Robert Bresson Mel Brooks Tod Browning Luis Buñuel Tim Burton James Cameron Jane Campion Frank Capra John Carpenter John Cassavetes Liliana Cavani Nuri Bilge Ceylan Claude Chabrol Gurinder Chadha Charlie Chaplin Yash Chopra Michael Cimino Henri-Georges Clouzot Joel and Ethan Coen Chris Columbus Francis Ford Coppola Sofia Coppola Roger Corman Wes Craven David Cronenberg Alfonso Cuaron Stephen Daldry Joe Dante Frank Darabont Dardenne Brothers Julie Dash Jonathan Demme Guillermo del Toro Brian De Palma Vittorio De Sica Andrew Dominik Stanley Donen Carl Theodor Dreyer Guru Dutt Clint Eastwood Sergei Eisenstein Roland Emmerich Nora Ephron Víctor Erice Asghar Farhadi Rainer Werner Fassbinder Federico Fellini Todd Field David Fincher Victor Fleming John Ford Miloš Forman John Frankenheimer William Friedkin Lucio Fulci Samuel Fuller Ritwik Ghatak Lewis Gilbert Terry Gilliam Jean-Luc Godard D. W. Griffith Michael Haneke Catherine Hardwicke Renny Harlin Hal Hartley Howard Hawks Amy Heckerling Werner Herzog George Roy Hill Walter Hill Alfred Hitchcock Tobe Hooper Tom Hooper Ron Howard John Hughes John Huston Kon Ichikawa Miklós Jancsó Peter Jackson Jim Jarmusch Jean-Pierre Jeunet Norman Jewison Rian Johnson Joe Johnston Chuck Jones Neil Jordan Wong Kar-wai Elia Kazan Buster Keaton Abbas Kiarostami Krzysztof Kieślowski Masaki Kobayashi Stanley Kramer Stanley Kubrick Akira Kurosawa Emir Kusturica Fritz Lang John Lasseter David Lean Ang Lee Spike Lee Sergio Leone Barry Levinson Ken Loach Joseph Losey George Lucas Sidney Lumet Ernst Lubitsch David Lynch Kevin Macdonald Maria Maggenti Samira Makhmalbaf Terrence Malick Louis Malle Joseph L. Mankiewicz Michael Mann Rob Marshall Steve McQueen Deepa Mehta Georges Méliès Sam Mendes Márta Mészáros Anthony Minghella Hayao Miyazaki Kenji Mizoguchi Mario Monicelli Michael Moore F. W. Murnau Mira Nair Christopher Nolan Frank Oz Yasujirō Ozu Padmarajan Park Chan-Wook Sergei Parajanov Alan Parker Sam Peckinpah Arthur Penn Dadasaheb Phalke Roman Polanski Sally Potter Otto Preminger Powell and Pressburger Priyadarshan Sam Raimi Harold Ramis Ranjith Mani Ratnam Nicholas Ray Satyajit Ray Rob Reiner Ivan Reitman Jason Reitman Jean Renoir Alain Resnais Leni Riefenstahl Éric Rohmer George A. Romero Roberto Rossellini Eli Roth Bimal Roy John Sayles Franklin J. Schaffner Volker Schlöndorff Ettore Scola Martin Scorsese Ridley Scott Tony Scott Shankar V. Shantaram M. Night Shyamalan Don Siegel Robert Siodmak Kevin Smith Steven Soderbergh Paolo Sorrentino Steven Spielberg George Stevens Oliver Stone John Sturges Preston Sturges István Szabó Quentin Tarantino Andrei Tarkovsky Bela Tarr Jiří Trnka Giuseppe Tornatore Jacques Tourneur François Truffaut Jon Turteltaub Agnès Varda Gore Verbinski Paul Verhoeven King Vidor Luchino Visconti Lars von Trier The Wachowskis James Wan Peter Weir Orson Welles Wim Wenders James Whale Joss Whedon Robert Wiene Billy Wilder Robert Wise Ed Wood Edgar Wright Joe Wright William Wyler David Yates Peter Yates Zhang Yimou Karel Zeman Robert Zemeckis Mai Zetterling Fred Zinnemann See also[edit]
Posted on: Fri, 29 Nov 2013 06:59:54 +0000
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