How to make an electric car? The term “electric-drive vehicle” includes not only those cars powered by batteries charges with household current, but also vehicles that generate electricity on board or store it in devices other than batteries. Electric vehicles are sometimes referred to as zero-emission vehicles because they produce essentially no pollution from the tailpipe or through fuel evaporation. This is important, for it means that the use of electric vehicles could greatly reduce emissions of carbon monoxide and smog-forming pollutants in cities with dirty air. Electric cars are different than gas powered cars because they have an efficient electric motor that drives the wheels and extracts energy from the car’s motion when it slows down. In contrast, internal-combustion cars have a constant running engine whose power is driven through a series of gears and clutches to drive the wheels and to turn the generator. Additionally, electric cars are more efficient because the electric motor is connected to the wheels, thus it consumes no energy while the car is at rest or coasting, which increases the potential energy by roughly one-fifth. Regenerative braking schemes can return as much as half an electric vehicle’s kinetic energy to the storage cells. Also, the motor converts more than 90 percent of the energy in its storage cells to motive force, contrasting the internal combustion drives which utilize less than 25% of the energy in a liter of gasoline. Array of solar collectors on the cars surface delivers electricity to batteries which then power the car and can be recharged. For Example A practical motor vehicle needs about 30 KWH of deliverable energy for a range of 100 miles. For reasonable performance about 20 hp must be delivered to the drive train. Efficiency of energy delivery from batteries to drive train is about 40% Delivered energy = 40% of stored energy So you need 30 KWH/0.4 = 75 KWH of stored energy Energy storage density of lead-acid batteries is .04 KWH per kilograms So you need 75/.04 = 1875 = 4125 pounds of lead-acid batteries Power: 20 hp/0.4 = 37.3 KW Power density of lead-acid batteries is .07 W/kg So you need 37.3/.07 = 533 = 1172 pounds So the range requirements are more severe than the power requirements. Improvements in battery Technology are definitely required. youtube/watch?v=17J6A6VTh5k youtube/watch?v=nrdNxgcNlYA e360.yale.edu/feature/for_the_electric_car_a_slow_road_to_success/2488/
Posted on: Sun, 21 Sep 2014 13:21:19 +0000
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