Kawlram Democracy Lamtluan & kum 2015 Hmailei Ruahchannak ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; By Salai Kawipui (pumpak hmunhning) Kawlram Democracy lamtluan ah Democracy phungning in thimnak voi (6) le caan karlak thimnak voi (1), a zate voi (7) a um ve cang ti Si. A tlanpi in (1) 1947 (2) 1951-52 (3) 1956 (4) 1960 (5) 1990 (6) 2010 (7) 2012 lio thimnak ti in kan hmuh khawh. (1) 1947, (Taiin Pyu- Pye Pyu) 1947 kum April ni(9) lio thimnak hi Mirang uknak hnulei ah a voi (1)nak thimnak tuahmi a rak si. Hi lio chan ah, thutden hmun (255) caah thimfung(vote) thlak a rak si I, (Phah-Sah-Pah –Lah) nih thutden (seat) (248) an rak co. Communist pawl nih Hmun (7) an rak co ve. Hi lio chan ah (FPTP) System hman a rak si ve. (2) 1951- 52, Constitution Law, Voi(3) an remh hnu ah thimfung thlak caan cu thla (48) chung thawn a rak si I, 1951 Kum June thla 12/13 in, 1952 Kum January ni (3) tiang Hmun thum le Then Thum then in thimnak cu rak tuah a si. Hi thimnak ah MP pawl caah hmun (250) in rak siam a si. (Phah-Sah-Pah –Lah) nih Hmun 197 an co caah a Cozah a rak ser khawh than. (3) 1956, Rampi president nih 1956 April(2) ah ram pumpi thimnak cu tuah dingin a thanh. Ram pumpi ning in voi khat ah tuah ding in timhtuah arak si nain, (Phah-sah-pah –lah) party cu konglam tampi ruang ah rak I thenhmal a rak si tik ah, cikpak in thimnak cu rak tuah asi. Hi lio thimnak ah (Pah- Ngiah- tah) nih, mipi sin in vote (thimfung) 1170073 a hmuh. (Phah-Sah-Pah –Lah) nih vote 1844614, Kachin National Congress nih vote 853555 tiin an rak hmuh hna. Thim ning System nih a chit(peek) deuh ca tu ah MP minung bel in cun tampi an I thlau ve. (Phah-Sah-Pah –Lah) nih MP pakhat caah vote (12463.6) a tin I, (Pah-Ngiah-Tah) nih (24376.5) in an rak hmuh hna. Vun Tuak ngaigai ah cun, rampumpi vote pekmi Zatuak 47.7% hi (Phah-Sah-Pah –Lah) hmuhmi a si i, (Pah-Ngiah-Tah) nih 30.4% le Kachin national congress Party nih (21.9%) tiin an hmuh hna. Sihmanhsehlaw MP pawl Hmunhma caah zatuak 59.2%, 19.2% le 0.8% ti in, an rak co hna. (4) 1960, 1960- kum thimnak cu vun tuah than a si I, (Tanhsiin -Phah-sah-pah –lah) Pyittuh Hluttaw ah (A) (Tanhsiin -Phah-sah-pah –lah) nih thimfung 3153934(57.2%) in thutden 158 (B) (Ti-mee- Phah-Sah-Pah-lah) thimfung 1694052(30.7%) in Thutden 41 (C) (Pah-Ngiah-Tah)nih hmun 3 (D) Rakhine in hmun (6) (E) Shan in hmun (6) (F) Kachin in hmun (3) (G) Mon in hmun (3) (H) Mipi Fimcawnnak lei le Nunphung lei thanchonak buu in hmun (2) (I) Chin National Organization in hmun (1) (J) Kaya National nih hmun(1) (K) Kaya Democratic nih hmun(1) (tlangcung party pawl cu a tawinak in ka vun langhter). Miphun Hluttaw ah (1) (Tanhsiin -Phah-sah-pah –lah) nih (53) seat (2) (Ti-mee- Phah-Sah-Pah-lah) nih (29) seat le a dang ramkhel Party pawl nih (43) seat ti in an rak co hna. Hi lio thimnak caan ah (Tanhsiin -Phah-sah-pah –lah) in MP pakhat nih vote 21860.34 a hmuh i, (Ti-mee- Phah-Sah-Pah-lah) in vote 41318.34 in, (Pah-Ngiah-Tah) nih vote 87399.66 ti in, party pakhat ah MP Pakhat nih buaktlak in an rak hmuh hna. MP minung an co ning ah zatuak 63.2% / 16.4%/ 12% tiin an hmuhning an rak i thlau. (5) 1990- cu ticun thimnak cu tuah ti lo a hung si I, 1990 may (27) nii ah thimnak cu tuah than a hung si. Hi chan lio i thimnak ah a lut (aa zuam kho) mi Remkhel party(93) an rak si. hi party chung in ai zuammi minung (2296) nih (Me sanda ne) Constituency Hmun(492) caah an rak I zuam hna. Mah thimnak tuah lio ah hin vote (thimfung) thla tu (15112524) nih thimfung an rak thlak(peek) khawh. Cucaah ai zuammi chung in thimfung tlin (MP pakhat “si” tlin kawh) nak ding caah vote tampi hmuh ding a rak um lem lo. Tahchunhnak ah party ngan bik a simi NLD hmanh ah vote 20231.73 a hmuh cun, MP tlin kawh nak lam a kua (a um kho). 1990 lio thimnak ah NLD hin, seat (391), SNDP(23), RNDP(11), NUP(10), MNDP(5) Le a dang party (11) chung in,seat (38) tiin, kan hmuh kawh. (6) Cu ticun, an lung thawh caan ah thimnak cu an tuah tawn i, an vun I remh an vun i remh than hnu ah 2008 Upadi cu fek taktak in an vun suai than. 2008 upadi (tang) ning in thimnak a lut kho mipoh cu 2010 November (7) ni ah thimnak ah an lut than hna. A Myo Taa Hluttaw le Pyt Thu Hluttaw ah Seat an co ning , USDP,(129)/259, A hring Group (Ralkap) an mah tein vote an I pekmi in (56) /110. RNP (7)/9, USDP(5)/12, NDF(4)/8, CPP(4)/2, (CPP= hi an tling ti lo. A chuak mi le party dang ah ai fonh mi an um)/ AMDP (4)/3, SNDP(3)/18, PSDP (3)/2, CNP (A tu lio CNDP a si )3/2, a dangdang party in seat(7)/10 tiin kan hmuh khawh. (7) A cunglei kum le caan hna kan zoh tikah miphun party pawl an zaang a der ngai hi hmuh khawh a si. Aruang cu mah le miphun party ah dir duh loin party ngan ah vai i kawp kha thazaang an pek deuh ti cu a lang ko. Zei caah kawlrawn party ngan pawl he i kawptti hi kan pa le pawl nih an duh deuh timi hi lung hrin lo awk cu a tha ve hrim ti lo. An mah party he lawng kan dir (or) an mah duhning in kan um lawngah maw kan miphun caah kan duhmi kan tuah kawh lai?. mah cu cu teh kan duh lomi le kan doh bakmi cu a si fam cu. Zei dang thanchonak kong zongah an mah he kan I komh lawngah maw tuahpiak kan si kun ne lai. cun a mah tuahpiak le khuakhanpiakmi ti in maw kan zeizongte hi kan ruah in kan I pom peng fawn lai. Rampumpi kong ah teh zeituak dah rian kan ngeih i, tinvo covo kan neih ve awk a si? timi biahalnak hi zeitindah kan ruah cio lai. hmailei ah teh hiti hin maw an hnu zulh kan si peng fawn lai. an thladem cu maw kan I bochan peng ko ne lai. Zeidah Miphun pakhat kan si timi cu kan aupi peng fawn ko ne? kan bia le kan tuahsernak hi ai kalh deuh ne kun lo maw? Sihmanhsehlaw, Kum 2010 thimnak in tlangcung mi Party pawl hi tlawmpal an thazaang a hung thawng deuh ti a lang. A ngaingai ah cun, Kha hlan kan dirhmun ah rampi party ngan pawl he I kawp lawng in miphun caah kan tuan kawh lai timi ruahnak hi kan mifim cheukhat le kan pa le hna ruahnak le pomning a si ti a lang ko. “ Cepa na duh si le Cepa i laak, Varit na duh si cepa i laak”. Timi dirhmun ah kan um rih ca zong si kho ve men ko nain caan zeimawzat cu hi dirhmun in kan luat le kan kaltaak awk si ve cang. A tutiang kan dirhmun ah kan duhmi upadi hna zong remh khawh an si rih lo. (….) in Upa pakhat bia ka hnathlam ah a hung cuang “ A Tulio kan uknak hi Federal uknak a si ko. Mahbel te Kan nih kan duhmi cu Sai(vui) tumpi a si i, atu kan ngeih mi cu, sai fate lawng a si rih cucaah a tlawmbik kumkul tal cu kan hngah rih a hau lai. upadi hi remh lengmang le rawk lengmeng awk a tha lo. Hmang phot rih hna usihlaw vun tep phot rih hna u sih” tiah. Kei nih kan hmuh ve ning ah A Sai mui cu chim lo Vok mui hmanh in kan hmu kho ve rih lo. Mifim tampi nih an chim bang in atu lio kan kawlram uknak kong ah, an hmuhning zong ai dang cio ve. Ai khat awk cu si hrim lo hme cu. An tlangtar phen I thil thup pawl hmuh khawh taktak cu a fawi ve hrim lo. (8) Kum 2015 pin lei ruahchannak ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; (A) 2010 thimnak nihcun zeimawzat cu a hung sersiam ve. Sihmanhseh law atu lio an dirhmun cu 2008 upadi chungin cawlcangh le I sualtal a si rih caah, Hmailei cawlcanghnak caah thazaang lak awk a har ngai. Cucaah tlangcungmi kan pa le upa hna le hruaitu hna nih hi Dirhmun in zeitindah kan luat khawh lai timi hi fakpi in khua an hung ruat. 2008 rampi upadi nih Tlangcungmi miphun hna caah humhimnak le mahte tawlrel khawhnak a kan pe kho lo. Cu caah Tlangcungmi miphun party pawl cu 2010 kum, September ni (18) ah Yangon ah i tong in, A Luancia kan tuanbia pawl ah sungh zatlaknak le namchuknak a tuarmi, Tlangcung miphun hna nih hmailei lamthluan ah kan mah le Miphun nawlvo le covo pawl kan hmuh khawh thannak hnga i tonnak an hung ngei hna. Cu nih cun “National Brotherhood Forum” timi a hung hrin. NBF nih cun a dikfelmi thimnak tang ah thimnak tuah i rampi upadi remh than ding hi a si. Ramkhel dehhlennak le harsatnak hna cu lonh in, Tlangcung mipi hna nih thimfung thlakmi upa hna cu Hluttaw an hung kai hna. Cuti cun NBF cu Federal uknak kan hmuh kawhnak ding ah cawlcangh a si bantuk in, kum 2013, November 10 ah “National Brothahood Federation” tiin min thlen a hung si. NBF cu thazang a hung tthang chin i, a tulio ah Party 20 an hung si. State ah seat (94), A myo tha ah (23), Pyi thu ah (42) Total (159) ti in kan hmuh khawh hna. (B) Kum 2015 thimnak cu party kip Le (NBF) nih ruahchannak ngan pi he hngahhlang cio a si. A bik in tlangcung party pawl hna nih mah le state cio ah a cozah ser khawh hi saduhthah le lungthli tum cio a si. A ruang cu mah phun le mah ram ah mahte khuakhan lairel khawhnak le Miphun kut ah nawlngeihnak a len khawhnak ding lawng si lo in, A chiakha tukmi upadi pawl in kan luat kawhnak ding ah a si. Sihmanhsehlaw a rauhhlan ah Remkhel dehhlennak le hnahnawh buaibainak cu hung ton than a si. A ruang cu, 2015 Thimnak ah thimfung thlakning system thlen dingin khuakhan tawlrel hram an hung awt, Democracy phung ah abiapi bikmi thimfung thlaknak kong ah, i palh sual le I nawnnok sual ahcun Kum zeimawzat cu tuar than khawh kan si rih lai caah i ralrin ngai awk a si. Democarcy ah nausem te bang a si rihmi kan kawlram hi fak tuk in training pek le hrem a si ahcun hmailei ah ruhkhuafah hna ai ngeih sual lai tihi mifim cheukhat nih an phanmi a si ve. Cun kawlram ramkhel lei hlahlaitu pawl cheukhat nih an hmuhning ah hi bantuk a herh lomi thil kongah buaiter tuk hi cu, remkhel namchuknak a si tiah an chim ve. A fiang ko mi cu kum 2015 ah zzei tin dah tei nak kan hmu lai ti hi an I tinhmi le an hmuisel a si ve ko caah, kum 2015 ah buan an co nak ding a simi system paoh cu tlawlh loin an hman te ko lai ti cu cheukhat zumhning a si ve. (C) Cu thil sining he pehtlai in, Kawlram he aa tlakmi le ai remmi thimnak system a chuah khawhnak dingah ti in commission zong an hun ser (phoih) than a si. cu commission nih report a pekmi system chungah (1) (Plurality/ Majarity) system phun(5) hna hi tling tein ai tel ve. (A) First Part the Post (FPTP) (B) B.V.Block vote, (C) P.B.V Party Block vote, (D) A.V. Alternative vote, (E) T.R.S. Two Round System. (2) nak ah (a) Proportional Pepresentation system Phun hnih a simi (i) List P.R (ii) Single Transferabel Vote an i, (3) nak ah Mixed System phun hnih a si mi (i) Member proportional (ii) Parallel System. (4) nak ah (i) Single Non-transferable Vote (ii) Limited Vote (iii) Borda Count, tiin a tling tein a pek. (D) Zei bantuk dah an hman te lai ti cu fiang tuk in chimchung awk a tha lo. Nain PR System le rak hman cangmi FPTP hi a bik in zumh ciomi cu an si. nai thawngpang thar a lengmi ah tlangcung(state) pawl ahcun, rak hmanthingmi FPTP hi hman te dawh in an chim. biafiang ngaigai cu ho nih theih khawh a si lo caah, adang ramthen pawl tu ahcun PR hi a si khawh chungin hman dingin khua an khang ti cu a lang ko. Zeicatiah an nunkhuasau deuhnak sii tha bik zong a si fawn ve caah a si. NLD, NBF Le mipi nihcun heh tiah duhlonak cu langhter si hmanhsehlaw nunkhuasaunak sii cu an din lo awk cu a tha ve ti lo tiin ka ruah. Cun an din lo hmanh ah Cu nak sii tha deuh a simi, mipi lungtuainak, hriamtlai bu pawl he hnahnawhnak ser (tuah), thimnak kongah bia fiang khiak theng lo in caan tampi um, ram chung buaibainak hna kha an si khawh chungin tuah i, cu nihcun vote(thimfung) i nawnnoknak a chuahpi lai a vaivuanmi thimfung paoh cu an zal chun ah a lut lai. Cun a minung pawl sin in zeimawzat thimfung an hmuh ve rih lai. Cucaah hi vialte harsatnak hi kan tei kho te lai maw? Hrial khawh a si te lai maw? Kum 2015 pin lei phanh tiktu ah biafiang cu hngak ko rih ne hna u sih, tiin ka hmuhning ka vun langhter ve. Ch : Ni chiar chuak The Mirror Democracy today Right Time News Vol 5, No 23 November (14) MBF, Kutken The Voic Daily Weekly Eleven News NLD, bele,?bale? Thuhnawhmi cauk Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar(2008)
Posted on: Sat, 22 Nov 2014 06:58:41 +0000
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