LOYALIST VS HISTORY. LOYALIST: 2 pesos/ 1 usd ang palitan ngdollar noong panahon ni Marcos. HISTORY: Nung umupo(1965) si Marcos 3.90 na ang palitan ng 1 USD, in fact bago siya bumaba 18-20 pesos na ang palitan USD/PHP. LOYALIST: Walang Pork barrel during marcos HISTORY: Yes its true na hindi nakakahawak ng Pork barrel ang mga legislator during Martial law dahil lahat ng pondo sa kanya dumadaan, unprogrammed at discretionary funds yun so ang pork barrel noon ay hawak lahat ni Marcos. Wala pang COA that time. LOYALIST: Madaming project si Marcos. kasi maganda ang ekonomiya. HISTORY: Marcos may be given credit for the improvement of rural infrastructures neededtodevelop our agriculture sector. The network of roads built during his time reflect the sweep of his vision. However if you critically analyze theMarcosian economics it will show that the enormous expenditures on construction projects contributed much to a sharp rise in overall deficit. Simply put, the infrastructures built under the regime are not indicative of the true state of the economy under Marcos. LOYALIST: Binalik ni Cory ang meralco sa Lopezes HISTORY: Supreme Court ang nagutos na ibalik ang Meralco sa Lopezes, not Cory. LOYALIST: Si Marcos nagpagawa ng MIA( mnlintl airport) bakit ginawang NAIA yan. HISTORY: May MIA na bago pa magingpresidente si Marcos, terminal 1 ang pinagawa ni Marcos. Si Ramos naman ang nagpagawa ng Terminal 2 at 3. At naging NAIA dahil sa R.A 6639 or AN ACT RENAMING THE MANILA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AS THE NINOY AQUINO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT. *Enacted without executive approval, November 27, 1987. LOYALIST : Si Marcos lang nakapagpagawa ng LRT1. HISTORY: Yes thats true, Pero wala na siya nung ginawa ang MRT3, LRT 2, at hindi rin siya ang magpapagawa ng LRT cavite extension, MRT7, at LRT 2 masinag extension. LOYALIST: Si marcos ang nagpagawa ng PNR( phil. ntnl railway) HISTORY: Panahon pa lang ng kastila may railway system na ang bansa napakinabangan pa nga ng mga Hapon at Amerikano nung panahon ng pananakop nila. At unang nagkaroon ng PNR law nung 1964, wala pa si Marcos. LOYALIST: Mura ang bilihin noon. HISTORY: Thats true, pero mas mura ang bilihin mula noong panahon ng Kastila hanggang kay Macapagal, you should also consider the Inflation. Mas mura ang bilihin nung panahon ni Marcos kaysa kay Cory pero mas mura ang bilihin nung panahon ni Cory kesa kay Ramos pero mas mura ang kay Ramos kaysa kay Erap pero mas mura ang kay Erap kesa kay gma pero mas mura ang kanya kesa kay Pnoy pero mas mura ang kanya kesa sa susunod sakanya. So hindi achievement kung mas mura ang bilihin nung panahon mo kesa sa mga susunod sayo . LOYALIST: Di bale ng may utang may mga project naman. HISTORY: The dramatic increase ingovernment spending and heavy foreign borrowing despite MODEST growth had ultimately disastrous ramifications on the national economy. From just over $ 2 billion in1972, our country’s total debt ballooned to$ 25billion in 1983, making us one of the ten most indebted developing countries in the world.At dahil kailangan magbayad sa utang ,nagkaroon tayo ng EVAT na naging epektibo naman para sa ekonomiya ng bansa naging pasakit nga lang sa bulsa ni Juan. LOYALIST: Rice sufficient tayo noon. HISTORY: It is true that rice self-sufficiency was achieved in 1968. This was picked up as a key-item in the video and was meant to buttress the overall idea that the economy was superb during the Marcos years. During the height of martial law, our total production gains surpassed those of our Southeast Asian neighbors: Malaysia, Burma, Thailand and Vietnam. But towards the end of the Marcos era, signs of decline in the agriculture sector were becoming apparent. In fact, for the period 1980-1985, the total gains of our agricultural production deteriorated continuously that by 1985, we were producing less than the aformentioned countries. LOYALIST: May masagana 99 pa nga. HISTORY: Praises on the regime’s management of agriculture must be heavily qualified. The Masagana ’99 was a centerpiece of the Marcos government’s efforts to enhance productivity by providing high yielding varieties of rice (HYV’s). The yields improved as expected. It doubled for the period 1973-1985. However, these HYV’s required more inputs in the formor fertilizers and pesticides. When the second oil shock hit in 1979, the government could no longer afford to subsidize these inputs through low interest loans. Mismanagement and neglect plagued the rural banks that used to subsidize these inputs by the early 1980s. This situation ultimately led to the mass impoverishment of farmers. Many of them fell prey to more exploitative arrangements with traders, lenders, and landlords. LOYALIST: masagana ang coconut at sugar planters. HISTORY: The regime’s support for the creation of crony conglomerates in the sugar and coconut industries also proved detrimental, counter-productive, and exploitative in the long run. In a 1984 report of UP economists, it is stated that for crop year 1974-1983, sugar planters were deprived of profits amounting between 11.6 billion and 14.4 billion, while coconut farmers were paid 9-15% less by Unicom. LOYALIST: May Land reform si Marcos. HISTORY : The land reform program of Marcos had very limited success despite the unprecedented power that he had to implement it. Contrary to its avowed aim of redistributing lands to farmers, the result of the land reform program was an increase in landless laborers in the countryside. This is undoubtedly an ingredient in the growth of peaseant unrest. What are the facts? It exempted sugar and coconut lands. P.D. 1942 further limited the scope of land reform. This law states that lands planted to other crops to be converted to rice and corn are exempted from land reform. This is meant to be an incentive to local and foreign corporations that will enter into the production of non-traditional crops. As a result, local and foreign agribusiness corporations gained control of vast tracts of land. Also, the export oriented industrialization (EOI) strategy of the regime defeated the purpose of land reform. It encouraged landlordism and corporate access to agricultural lands. In 1981 alone, corporations and corporate farms acquired 86, 017 hectares while less than 2,000 hectares were distributed to farmers after 10 years of implementation of land reform. Marcos’ claim that he emancipated tenant farmers through martial law is a myth. LOYALIST: Martial law pa rin.. HISTORY: It is true that the imposition of martial law had immediate positive effects on the national economy. The restoration of peace and order and the strike ban convinced the elite of the efficiency of one-man rule and technocracy. There was also a dramatic increase in foreign investments as a result of the regime’s pro-multinationals policies. US backing ensured the cooperation of Filipino elites. The profits of the top 1000 corporations increased. Agriculture benefited from infrastructure development, cheap credit, and subsidy of inputs. The economy sustained real GNP growth at an average of 6.5% per annum from 1972-1977. The economy posted a balance of payments surplus of $ 10 million in 1974 as a result of the world commodity boom of 1973-1974. The demand for contract workers in the oil producing countries of West Asia caused the Filipino overseas workers’ remittances to increase. The government expanded the service and commercial sectors and provided some affordable urban housing through the Bagong Lipunan Sites Services (BLISS) program. LOYALIST: Diba mas ok pa noong Martial law? HISTORY: The regime harped on this semblance of prosperity. This is perhaps the “good old days” that many Filipinos are nostalgic about. It was the urban middle class and the co-opted sectionof the traditional elite that generally benefited from the economic diversification and growth that followed the imposition of martial rule.But this prosperity was short-lived and illusory. The regime was not able to sustain its initial accomplishments under martial law. A confluence of internal and external factors caused the economy to falter in the late 1970s andearly1980s. Marcos quickly exculpated his regimeby blaming external factors. However, academic studies reveal that the internal factors out weighed the external factors. David Timberman summarizedthese internal factors: one-man rule; the suppression of dissent; the absence of accountability in government; the failure of economic development programs; the massive corruption and cronyism. LOYALIST: Si Cory ang may kasalanan kaya bumagsak ang Pinas. HISTORY : Signs pointing to an economic breakdown had been surfacing as early as 1980. It took NinoyAquino’s assassination on August 21, 1983 to expose the political and economic fragility that ourcountry was experiencing for years. From then on,the economic difficulties became increasingly felt across social classes. Aside from the loss of confidence of international creditors, the gruesome murder led to a devaluation of the peso, are cord amount of capital flight, and a worsening of thebalance of payments problem. The disillusionment of local and foreign business and the strains in our relations with the US cut our lines of credit. The deficits of the national government mounted from1.2% to 4.3% of the GNP between 1978 and1982.The inflation rate increased from less than 10% in1983 to an average of 50% in 1984. It was the country’s highest inflation rate since WorldWar II. LOYALIST: Bakit hindi pa payagan ilibing si Marcos? HISTORY: Ang huling habilin ni marcos bago mamatay ay ilibing siya sa tabi ng nanay niya, Wala naman sa libingan ng Bayani ang nanay niya kaya puwede siyang ilibing ng mga marcos kung kailan nila gusto, ayaw lang nila. May magagawa ba sila kung ayaw ng management ng Libingan ng bayani ilibing si Marcos doon. LOYALIST: Walang kuwenta ang demokrasya na ito. HISTORY: Walang kuwenta pero gamit na gamit niyo ang freedom of speech? malaya nga kayo magbabad sa facebook magdamag na walang makikialam na gobyerno sa privacy niyo. Nakakapagsulat kayo ng kahit anong gusto niyo, may freedom of expression pa kayo. Maaring walang kuwenta ang karamihan sa pulitiko ngayon pero hanggat may demokrasya may pagasa. Ilang bayani ang lumaban para magkaroon kayo ng kalayaan tapos ngayon inaayawan niyo lang. LOYALIST: Walang kuwenta ang gobyerno ngayon. HISTORY: Si Bongbong ay senador, Si Imee ay governor , Si Imelda ay congressman , ang mga idolo mo ay parte din ng gobyernong ito. LOYALIST: Dahil sa 1986 consti naghahari na ang mga Oligarch. HISTORY: Ano ba pinagkaiba ng marcos cronyism sa mga oligarch na nagmomonopolya ngayon? parang wala naman, yung ibang mga oligarch ngayon e mga crony din ni marcos noon. LOYALIST : Buksan na Bataan Nuke Plant para magmura ang kuryente. HISTORY: 621 MW lang ang BNPP at gagastos ka ng halos $1B para lang marenovate ito. Ang konsumo pa lang natin sa Luzon 12,000 MW na paano pa yung sa visayas at mindanao.Paano magmumura ang kuryente sa nagiisang nuke plant na maliit lang ang capacity. Tataas pa nga ang bill mo dahil magkakaroon tayo ng Nuclear Tax. LOYALIST: Naghihiganti lang si cory kaya hindi pinabuksan ang BNPP.. HISTORY: Nung 1983 nangyari yung 3mile island incident mismong si Marcos ang nagpapostponed sa pagbukas ng BNPP para i quality check, at natuklasan na 3000 defects ito at nakatayo malapit sa active volcano at major faultline. Nung 1986 si cory na ang nakaupo nangyari naman ang Chernobyl meltdown na lalong nagpaigting ng panawagan na wag buksan ang BNPP. nung 1990 nangyari yung Luzon earthquake at naramdaman din ang mismong intensity sa bataan. Nung 1991 nangyari naman ang Mt.pinatubo eruption. Kahit siguro si marcos pa ang Presidrnte that time hindi niya rin muna papabuksan ang BNPP, pero bakit si Cory lang sinisisi niyo? buhay pa si ramos , erap at gma ah?hindi rin nilang binalak buksan ang BNPP. At ngayong 2014 mainit ang alitan ng CHINA at bansa sa WPS, hindi mo ba naisip na puwedeng maging easy target lang ang nuke plant natin na nakaharap sa WPS? Saan bansa ka ba nakakakita ng nuke plant na malapit sa major faultline at active volcano. LOYALIST: Si Cory pa din ang dahilan kaya mahal ang kuryente. HISTORY: Dahil sa EPIRA law kaya hindi macontrol ng gobyerno ang pagtaas ng kuryente. Si Gma ang pumirna nun, hindi si Cory. LOYALIST: Malakas ang AFP noon.Tayo ang may Malakas na Airforce noon sa ASEAN. HISTORY: Oo nga! malakas ang AFP noon sa kapwa Filipino nga lang ginamit, Ou malakas ang Airforce noon kasi mula 1950-75 tayo lang ang may Airforce sa Asean. Pero ang nabili lang ni Marcos na MRF para sa Airforce ay ang 2nd hand na F-8. LOYALIST: Nabawi na sana natin ang sabah kung hindi nagtraydor si Ninoy. HISTORY: Wala naman Alam si ninoy sa Operation Merdeka, dahil secret operation yun. Nagrecruit si marcos ng mga tausug/muslim mula sa mindanao para itrained na maging sundalo at ipapadala sila sabah para magpanggap na taga doon. Manggugulo sila dun at kukumbinsihin nila ang mga taga doon na magsimula ng malawakang kaguluhan at iwagayway ang Bandila ng Pilipinas. Hindi kasi puwedeng AFP ang sumugod dahil british government ang makakalaban natin. Kaso hindi yun natuloy dahil umatras ang mga recruit na tausug/muslim fighter ng malaman nilang pagbawi sa sabah ang mission nila , nung mga panahon nila kapwa tausug/muslim din nila ang nakatira dun. Labag sa batas ng islam ang makipagpatayan muslim sa kapwa muslim. Dahil doon unti unting diniscriminate ng AFP ang mga muslim/tausog na nagttrained noon sa Corregidor at kinalaunan ay pinagutos ni marcos na ipapatay sila para maitago ang plano nilang operation merdeka. Group by group silang pinapatay para hindi nila mahalata pero may isang nakaligtas sa mga tausig na yun. Noong panahon na yun aktibong oposisyon ni marcos si Ninoy siya ang nilapitan ng nagiisang nakaligtas sa corregidor massacare. At nung imbestigahan nila dun lang natuklasan ang operation merdeka at pagmassacare sa mga tausog trainee na tinawag nila jabidah massacare. LOYALIST: pero wala masyadong rebelde nung panahon ni marcos HISTORY: Nabuo ang MNLF dahil Jabidah massacare, ang MILF e anak ng MNLF, ang BIFF ay anak ng MILF. Diba kaya nga nagmartial law diba para mapigilan ang rebellion . Pero napigilan ba? hindi naman eh, mas dumami pa nga nung martial law . LOYALIST : Pero maraming may trabaho noon.. HISTORY: The sharp increase in the price of manufactured imports cause inflation and the erosion of real wages and salaries of workers. This unfavorablecondition for workers was further compounded by government intervention in collective bargaining to prevent wage increases in order to keep the country attractive to foreign investors. As a result,only 10%of the the country’s employers bothered to follow the minimum wage for workers. In order torespond to the crisis, the government decreased imports drastically. Industries that required importation of raw materials were obliged to close shop or slow down their production. Mass layoffs followed. Thesector that was hardest hit by there trenchment measures was manufacturing. Unemployment escalated from 14.7% in1978 to 24% in 1982. In 1983 alone, 68,000 workers were laid off. LOYALIST: Pero kaunti lang ang mahirap noon. HISTORY: Along with the decline of incomes came a worsening distribution of income. The poorest 60% of Filipino households received 25% of the nation’stotal income in 1971. By 1979, this share had shrunk to only 22.5%. Between 1971 and1981, the percentage of total family income accounted for by the poorest 40% decreased from 11.9% to 9.3%, while families in the highest quintile accounted for a greater percentage of the national income in 1981 than in 1971. LOYALIST : Pero nagkamartial law para mapigilan ang communism. HISTORY: Concentration of income at the top continued, with the highest 10% of families receiving 42% of total family income in 1981, up from 1971. The Communist Party (CPP) had broadened its urban base to include not just university campuses but also factories and slum areas where the unemployed and underemployed lived.Marcos wasthe number one recruiter of the NewPeoples Army(NPA). He claimed in September 1972 that martial law was necessary to quell the communist rebellion. But it was under his rule that the NPA had grown ominously. LOYALIST: Malulusog ang mga bata noon may mga nutribun kasi, may gatas pa at maayus pang health service. may pabahay pa. HISTORY: Marcos never failed to boast that under martial law, significant advances in nutrition and health were achieved. But reports made by Asian Development Bank (ADB) showed that our average per capital caloric consumption was lower compared to those of Bangladesh, India, and Indonesia. Our own Ministry of Health also noted that nearly 3/4s of all Filipino children suffered from some form of malnutrition. Other studies noted the lack of sufficient sanitation facilities, supplies of potable water, a shortage of medical personnel and resources, and the disproportionate number of doctors and hospitals in urban and rural areas. The president used to extol the accomplishments of the human settlements program. This silenced the fact that improvements in housing often led to forcible relocation of squatters and that the poorest did not have enough income to buy these constructed dwellings. LOYALIST: Makakabangon pa sana tayo kung hindi pinaalis si Marcos e. HISTORY: Confidence in the likelihood of an economic recovery was eroded by revelations of the unbridled corruption of the Marcoses and their associates. Indubitably, the sophistication of the techniques that they used to hide their ill- gotten wealth overseas makes it difficult for all of us to fully comprehend the magnitude of their corruption. And they never apologized for this. In an interview, Bongbong Marcos arrogantly challenged us: where are these staggering amounts of money? I havent seen any of it. Where is it? LOYALIST: Tanga kasi yung mga sumama sa EDSA nagpauto sa mga Komunista maganda na ang buhay noon e. HISTORY: By the end of 1983, 60% of all Philippine families were living below the poverty line. The massive anti-Marcos protests that were ignited by the Aquino assassination and that culminated in the EDSA People Power Revolution of 1986 should be viewed within this political and economic context. The dismal condition of the Philippines in 1986 is proof enough of the disastrous consequences of his kleptocratic and repressive one-man rule. If things were fine under Marcos, why would thousands/millions of Filipinos risk their lives in fighting his regime? Why would the countrys brightest leave the comfort of their homes and give up their education just to take to the hills and join the communist movement? LOYALIST: Basta BBM2016 pa din. HISTORY : The Marcoses and their cohorts are playing with our frustrations of the EDSA system. They are deliberately painting the Marcos era as an Eden Lost in order to rehabilitate the fallen dictator and sanitize the crimes of his regime. They even mock the Filipinos for struggling against the dictatorship. They want us to believe that EDSA was a mistake. These attempts at truth- twisting was exemplified by Senator Marcos himself in an interview shown on national television. He remarked that if EDSA did not happen, the Philippines would have become as economically developed as present Singapore. This is a shameless distortion of historical truth. LOYALIST: May nagbago ba after edsa1? democrazy. HISTORY: I think what lies beneath the confused nostalgia for martial law is the perception that EDSA did not improve the plight of many Filipinos. But while it is true that the revolution did not significantly change the structure of power and wealth in Philippine society, we must not fall into the trap of imagining that we were better off under the dictatorship. LOYALISt: SHUT UP!!! Pinasulat ka lang ni Cory. HISTORY: I cannot afford to be silent when historical truth is being pretzeled by forces that are so determined to make our people forget. I surmise that these attempts at historical revisionism are intentionally being circulated in cyberspace where it could be picked up by young Filipinos who do not have a memory of the violence and corruption of the martial law regime. These young people will comprise the majority of the voting population in the near future when, perhaps, Bongbong runs for president. LOYALIST: Dahil sa Edsa kaya mahirap kami. HISTORY: To blame the EDSA People Power for our misfortunes and to praise the dictator as a messiah that we had slandered and crucified is a despicable display of cowardice. LOYALIST: Yung puro good side kasi ng Martial law ang ipaalala niyo. HISTORY: Last September 2013 our nation commemorated the 41th anniversary of the declaration of martial law. But up to this very day, there has been no military or police officer publicly condemned for violating human rights. The unrepentant crooks, murderers, torturers, and rapists are still among us and worse, many of them are still in halls of power. It is disturbing that many of the people from the old regime who should be behind bars are still presiding over our national life. LOYALIST: Only history can judge Marcos. HISTORY: Rizal once said in his Filipinas Dentro de Cien Años : “in order to foretell the destiny of a nation, it is necessary to open the book that tells her past.” If many of our countrymen do not even bother to study our past, how can we know where we are heading as a nation? The willingness of many of our fellow Filipinos to forget the massive crimes of the Marcos regime speaks much about our sense of history (or the lack of it). The Marcoses have been peddling a reconciliation based on oblivion since they had returned to the country. The task at hand, I believe, is to forge among ourselves an inviolable national memory of the injustices and outrage of the Marcos era. We must make the truth clear to our fellow Filipinos so that future attempts at historical revisionism would not be possible. This is a humble contribution to the creation of such a national memory. Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it. - George Santayana. people. It is a soft, forgiving culture. Only in the Philippines could a leader like Ferdinand Marcos, who pillaged his country for over 20 years, still be considered for a national burial. Insignificant amounts of the loot have been recovered, yet his wife and children were allowed to return and engage in politics. - Lee Kuan Yew References: The difference lies in the culture of the Filipino globalbalita/2011/01/10/lee-kuan-yew-on-filipinos-and-the-philippines/ corregidor.org/heritage_battalion/jabidah.html countrystudies.us/philippines/57.htm countrystudies.us/philippines/28.htm data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.KD.ZG/ verafiles.org/pork-by-any-name/ fxtop/ lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1987/ra_6639_1987.html ourknowledge.asia/our-knowledge-blog/which-philippine-president-caused-the-downfall-of-the-philippines-economy gmanetwork/news/story/275011/pinoyabroad/ofwguide/how-martial-law-helped-create-the-ofw-phenomenon © MARCOSIAN ECONOMICS: MYTHS AND REALITIES. By Alvin Campomanes(Historian)
Posted on: Mon, 01 Sep 2014 16:54:18 +0000
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