MILITARY JUSTICE IMPROVEMENT ACT NATIVE AMERICA ACT FARM BILL NAVMC 3500.90 15 APR 2010 0510-PLAN-1036 “Provide Information Operations (IO) support to Course of Action (COA) Development” JP 3-13.3 JOINT DOCTRINE FOR OPERATIONS SECURITY MCWP 3-40.9 OPERATIONS SECURITY MCWP 5-1 MARINE CORPS PLANNING PROCESS HISTORICAL RESEARCH VOLUME ONE TENTH EDITION THE WESTERN EXPERIENCE Chambers, Hanawalt, Rabb, Woloch, Tiersten Chapter Fifteen War and Crisis p. 430 MAP 15.3 TERRITORIAL CHANGES, 1648-1661 “This map shows the territorial changes that took place after the Thirty Years’ War. The treaties of Westphalia (1648) and the Pyrenees (1659) arranged the principal transfers, but the settlements in the Baltic were not confirmed until the treaties of Copenhagen, Oliva (both 1660), and Kardis (1661).” CHANGED INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS “The most obvious differences after the Peace of Westphalia were that France replaced Spain as the continent’s dominant power and that northern countries – especially England and the Netherlands, where growth in population and in commerce resumed more quickly than elsewhere – took over Europe’s economic leadership. But behind this outward shift a more fundamental transformation was taking place. What had become apparent in the later stages of the Thirty Years’ War was that Europe’s states were prepared to fight only for economic, territorial, or political advantages. Dynastic aims were still important, but supranational goals like religious causes could no longer determine a state’s foreign policy.” (HYPOTHESIS: MISINTERPRETATIONS, OFFENDING OTHER CULTURES, ETC. I imagine the Armed Forces wanted to separate religious preference from service for this reason) p. 443 “CHRONOLOGY AN AGE OF CRISIS 1618-1660 1618 Revolt in Bohemia, beginning of Thirty Years’ War 1621 Resumption of war between Spanish and Dutch 1629 Edict of Restitution – high point of Habsburg power 1630 Sweden enters war against Habsburgs 1635 France declares war on the Habsburgs 1639 Scots invade England 1640 Revolts in Catalonia and Portugal against Spanish government 1642 Civil War in England 1647 Revolts in Sicily and Naples against Spanish government 1648 Peace of Westphalia ends Thirty Year’s War. Outbreak of Fronde in France. Coup by nobles in Denmark. Revolt of Ukraine against Poland. Riots in Russian cities. 1650 Constitutional crisis in Sweden. Confrontation between William of Orange and Amsterdam in Netherlands 1652 End of Catalan revolt 1653 End of Fronde 1655 War in Baltic region 1659 Peace of the Pyrenees between France and Spain 1660 End of English revolution. Treaties end war in Baltic.”
Posted on: Sat, 04 Oct 2014 00:24:20 +0000
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