Mexican Muralist Movement The Mexican muralism is one of the most distinctive artistic genres in Latin America. It has its origin in the Mexican Revolution of 1910. However, it is until 1921 when it formally starts. At this time, Jose Vasconcelos, a leading Mexican intellectual, took office as Secretary of Public Education under the government of President Alvaro Obregón who commissioned different artists to paint a series of murals on the walls of the National Secretariat and the National Preparatory School. From that time on, the Mexican Muralism begins acquiring international recognition, not only as an artistic genre, but as a social and political movement of resistance and identity, with images through its diverse stylistic components that portray issues related to the revolution, the class struggle and Mexican indigenus people. Its members include David Alfaro Siqueiros, José Clemente Orozco, Diego Rivera and Rufino Tamayo: David Alfaro Siqueiros (1896–1974).-He was born in Chihuahua. He had strong political convictions in favor of public art and monuments. Its wall paintings exalt the life of the people with surrealist and expressionist influences, it exalts political struggles. Among these: "The March of Humanity" at the Siqueiros Cultural Polyforum at Mexico City, which is a great metaphor for the struggles of men and women throughout history and the pursuit of a better society for all. José Clemente Orozco (1883–1949).-Renowned self-trained muralist originally from Jalisco. He started his career through the drawing and caricature of social issues. Since 1922 he participated in Mexico with Siqueiros and Rivera in the early mural movement. He moved to the U.S. in 1927, where he painted murals in several important institutions. One of his most representative murals is the "Man of Fire". Diego Rivera (1886–1957).-Considered one of the key figures of twentieth-century Mexican art. Rivera born in Guanajuato, from 1896-1902 he studied at the Academy of San Carlos. He worked with José Guadalupe Posada in his workshop, which had great influence. He studied painting in Europe from 1907 and returned to Mexico in 1921. He returned exalting a style of flat shapes, simplified and decorative that chronicles the social and political history of Mexico. His greatest murals are at the Palace of Cortes in Cuernavaca, at the National Institute of Fine Arts in Mexico City, at the Detroit Institute of Arts or at the Rockefeller Center in New York, which was destroyed because it included a portrait of Lenin. Rufino Tamayo (1899 – 1991).-Originally from Oaxaca. He studied at the National School of Fine Arts between 1910 and 1919 in Mexico City. He practiced a theme away from the social and political meaning of their peers. He was interested in conveying emotions through color and form, creating monumental figures. Some of his most important murals are "Duality" at the National Museum of Anthropology and "The Birth of nationality" at National Institute of Fine Arts.
Posted on: Thu, 11 Jul 2013 12:24:56 +0000
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