Mishna Yomit Monday Oct. 21 Eduyot EDUYOT: CHAPTER 7: MISHNAH 6 R. Yehoshua and R. Papias testified that the young of a peace-offering is sacrificed as a peace-offering; though R. Eliezer says that the young of a peace-offering is not sacrificed as a peace-offering. And the Sages say: It is sacrificed. R. Papias said: I testify that we had a cow for a peace-offering sacrifice, and we ate it on Pesach, and we ate its young as a peace-offering on the Festival. Kehati This mishnah is in Temurah (3:1), where we are told that the young of a peace-offering is considered as a peace-offering, but R. Eliezer and the Sages differ whether or not it is sacrificed as a peace-offering, as explained in this mishnah. R. Yehoshua and R. Papias testified that the young of a peace-offering is sacrificed as a peace-offering - That the young is sacrificed as a peace-offering, though R. Eliezer says that the young of a peace-offering is not sacrificed as a peace-offering - but it is locked up in a stall and is not fed until it dies of starvation. According to R. Eliezer, this is a decree to prevent people from holding back an animal that they had pledged as a sacrifice until such time as it gives birth, so that they may raise flocks of cattle from the animal which is due to be sacrificed, thus transgressing the Torah prohibition (Deut. 23:22), When you shalt vow a vow unto the Lord your G-d, you shall not be slack to pay it. Or, if the animal is kept one might shear it or use it for labor, as explained above (5:6), And the Sages say: It is sacrificed - The young is sacrificed as a peace-offering, and there is no decree prohibiting this lest the mother be detained until it gives birth. R. Yehoshua and R. Papias testified in accordance with the Sages. R. Papias said: I testify that we had a cow for a peace-offering - to be offered as a peace-offering sacrifice, and we ate it on Pesach - We sacrificed it and ate its meat on Pesach, and we ate its young as a peace-offering on the Festival - We sacrificed the young and ate its meat on Shavuot, in compliance with the Torah verses (Deut. 12:5-6),... to there you shall come.... And to there you shall bring your burnt offerings, which implies that the first festival that you come to Jerusalem, you shall bring all the sacrifices that you have pledged. Some say that just as the phrase the festival generally refers to Sukkot, here too the mishnah refers to Sukkot, that being the time the young was sacrificed. Insofar as they had not fulfilled the positive command of Deuteronomy 12:5-6 it was because the animal was ill, and could not be brought on Shavuot, but was delayed until Sukkot (Rosh Hashanah, 6a). EDUYOT: CHAPTER 7: MISHNAH 7 They testified that the boards of bakers are unclean; though R. Eliezer declares them clean. They testified that an oven, which was cut up into layers with sand between layer and layer is unclean, though R. Eliezer declares it clean. They testified that the year is declared a leap year throughout Adar; for they used to say: until Purim. They testified that the year is declared a leap year conditionally, and it once happened that Rabban Gamliel went to receive permission from the governor of Syria and delayed coming, and they declared it a leap year provided that Rabban Gamliel wished it. And when he came he said, I wish it: and the year was declared a leap year. Kehati They - R. Yehoshua and R. Papias, testified that the boards of bakers - Long boards upon which the bakers arrange their loaves before putting them into the ovens, (Some have a version which reads the chimneys of bakers); are unclean - These boards can become unclean, even though they are plain pieces of wood without any hollowed-out receptacle, and by Torah law plain pieces of wood cannot become unclean. The Sages, however, decreed that these boards can become unclean, as they are made in the shape of utensils; though R. Eliezer declares them clean - even by Rabbinic law, for in his view they are not utensils at all, but plain boards. R. Yehoshua and R. Papias testified against his view. They testified that an oven - of earthenware, which was cut up into layers - of bricks, with sand between layer and layer - So that the layers would not touch one another, and thereafter the person covered the outside with mortar, so that the mortar joined the layers together into a single unit, is unclean - such an oven may become unclean, as the mortar makes it a complete oven, though R. Eliezer declares it clean - According to R. Eliezer it cannot become unclean, for the layers of sand between the layers of bricks give it the status of a broken oven rather than a whole one. R. Yehoshua and R. Papias thus testified that it can become unclean, against the view of R. Eliezer. They testified that the year is declared a leap year throughout Adar - throughout the month of Adar, and the Court has the right, up to the twenty-ninth day of the month, to declare the year a leap year, and the following month Adar II, for they - the Sages, used to say: until Purim - That the Court was only permitted to declare a leap year in the first half of Adar, and once Purim had passed it was no longer possible to declare a leap year. R. Yehoshua and R. Papias came and testified that one is permitted to declare a leap year throughout the month of Adar. They testified that the year is declared a leap year conditionally - if the head of the Sanhedrin was on a journey and the Sanhedrin saw need to declare a leap year. The permission of the head of the Sanhedrin is needed for such a step (Sanhedrin 11). The Sanhedrin can declare a leap year conditionally, subject to the approval of the head of the Sanhedrin, and should the latter not approve, it is not a leap year; and it once happened that Rabban Gamliel - the head of the Sanhedrin, went to receive permission from the governor of Syria - on various matters of public concern, and delayed coming - He was forced to delay his departure from Syria for a time, and they - the members of the Sanhedrin declared it a leap year - in the interim, provided that Rabban Gamliel wished it - once he returned from Syria, And when he - Rabban Gamliel, came he said, I wish it - He agreed to their declaration, and the year was declared a leap year - because the condition was fulfilled.
Posted on: Sun, 20 Oct 2013 20:46:24 +0000
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