Pir Sayyid Muhammad Rashid Qadri Naqshbandi Sindhi (1171-1234 AH) Posted on November 26, 2014 by Talib Ghaffari Ḥaḍrat Pīr Sayyid Muḥammad Rāshid Qādrī Naqshbandī Sindhī qaddas-Allāhu sirrahū (may Allah sanctify his secret) was one of the most celebrated Sufi masters in Sindh (now Pakistan). He was the founder of the Rāshidī Sufi order that spread to Sindh, Punjāb, Balochistān, Rājasthān, Gujarāt and eventually to many far and wide areas. He is often known with his alias Pīr Roze Dhanī (Sindhi: روضي ڌڻي, Urdu: روضے دھنی), meaning “master of the shrine”. He was a Sayyid, a descendant of the Master of Prophets ṣall-Allāhu ʿalaihi wa-sallam through Imām Mūsā al-Kāẓim. His father Sayyid Muḥammad Baqā Lakiyārī (1135-1198 AH) ibn Sayyid Imām Alī was a Sufi shaikh and a solitary dervish. The tomb of Sayyid Muhammad Rashid Qadri Naqshbandi (right), and the mosque of the tomb (left) The tomb of Sayyid Muhammad Rashid Qadri Naqshbandi (right), and the mosque of the tomb (left) Sayyid Muḥammad Rāshid was born on 6 Ramaḍān 1171 AH (1758). He was educated in the prevalent curriculum of Persian and Arabic, and Islamic sciences including jurisprudence, Ḥadīth and Quranic Tafsīr. Among his teachers were his father, Ḥāfidh Muḥammad Akram, Ḥāfidh Zain ad-Dīn Mahesar, Makhdūm Ṭayyib Panhwar, Makhdūm Yār Muḥammad (Kotrī Kabīr), and Makhdūm Muḥammad Ārejwī (near Lārkānā). The latest had a connection of studentship going to Mawlānā ʿAbd al-Ḥakīm Siyālkotī, who is a renowned scholar and author. The Sufi Path During his studies, once his father visited him and his brother Sayyid Ghulām Murtaḍā when they were studying in Kotrī Kabīr, and initiated them in the Sufi Path. He engaged in the spiritual practices and soon traversed the Path. His father authorized him in both the Qādrī and the Naqshbandī orders, though his primary Path was in the Qādrī order. Golden Chain of the Qādri Order: [2] Sayyid Muḥammad Rāshid received the spiritual secrets of the Qādrī order from his father Sayyid Muḥammad Baqā Shāh Lakiyārī Sayyid ʿAbd al-Qādir Shaikh Muḥammad Ṣāliḥ Sayyid Shams ad-Dīn Muḥammad Sayyid Ḥāmid Shāh alias Ganj-Bakhsh Sayyid Shams ad-Dīn Muḥammad Shaikh ʿAbd al-Qādir Shaikh Shams ad-Dīn Muḥammad Sayyid ʿAbd al-Qādir Sayyid Ḥāmid Sayyid ʿAbd ar-Razzāq Sayyid ʿAbd al-Qādir Sayyid Muḥammad Ghawth Sayyid Shams ad-Dīn Muḥammad Sayyid Shāh Mīr Sayyid ʿAlī Sayyid Masʿūd Khwāja Sayyid Aḥmad Sayyid Safiy ad-Dīn Sūfī Sayyid ʿAbd al-Wahhāb Shaikh Muhiy ad-Dīn Sayyid ʿAbd al-Qādir Jīlānī Baghdādī Khwāja Abū Saʿīd al-Mubārak al-Makhzūmī Khwāja Abul-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad Yūsuf al-Quraishī Khwāja Abul-Faraḥ Ṭarṭūsī Khwāja Abd al-Wāhid Khwāja Abūbakr Shiblī Imām Junaid al-Baghdādī Shaikh Sirrī Saqaṭī Shaikh Maʿrūf Karkhī Shaikh Dāūd Tāī Shaikh Ḥabīb ʿAjamī Shaikh Ḥasan Baṣrī Imām Alī ibn Abī-Ṭālib raḍiy-Allāhu ʿanhu Sayyidunā wa Mawlānā Muḥammad ṣall-Allāhu ʿalaihi wa-sallam Golden Chain of the Naqshbandī Order: [2] Sayyid Muḥammad Rāshid received the spiritual secrets from his father Sayyid Muḥammad Baqā Shāh Lakiyārī (1135-1198 AH), who received from his shaikh Makhdūm Ismāʿīl Piryā-Loī Sindhī (d. 1174 AH), who received it from his shaikh Makhdūm Jamāl-Allāh, who received it from Ḥājī Muḥammad Ayyūb, who received it from Shaikh Saʿdī Lāhorī, who received it from Shaikh Sayyid Ādam Bannūrī, who received it from Imām Rabbānī Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindī Fārūqī quddisa-sirruhū. (Further chain can be read here). His noble father and shaikh passed away in 1198 AH. He then started initiating the new seekers in the Sufi Path. Sayyid Muḥammad Rāshid left behind a large number of deputies who were authorized in the Sufi Path and who continued his spiritual order and spread it to millions of people across India. According to some narrations, he had about thirteen hundred deputies. Among his well-known deputies are the following: His chief deputy was Khalīfo Maḥmūd Nizāmānī (d. 1267 AH), district Badīn (Sindh). He was the closest and most beloved deputy, and is author of Malfūzāt (speeches) of his shaikh. His son and successor Sayyid Ṣibghat-Allāh Rāshidī, who is known as the first Pīr Pāgāro. Sayyid Muḥammad Ḥasan Jīlānī (d. 1254 AH), whose deputy Ḥafidh Muḥammad Ṣiddīq was a well-known shaikh. Khalīfo Nabī Bakhsh Lighārī (d. 1280 AH) Khalīfo Allah Rakhiyo Sayyid Jān Muḥammad Bukhārī Demise Following the noble Sunnah, Shaikh Muḥammad Rāshid lived a total of sixty three years and passed away on Friday 1 Shaʿbān 1234 AH. He was buried in his khāniqāh and village called Raḥīm-Dinū Kalhoro. In 1250 AH, due to the advancement of river Indus towards this place, his grandson Shaikh Sayyid ʿAlī Gohar shifted his coffin to the present place Pīr-Jo-Goth where his tomb is a place of pilgrimage for the people of Sindh. During his last days, he advised his sons and deputies with the following words: “Our Path is the Muḥammadan Path, free from ignorance and bidʿah (heresy, innovation). If someone in this silsila turns innovator, you should expel him from the brotherhood and should not maintain connection with him. You should follow this advice and be steadfast (on this Path).” Revival of Islam and Sunnah When Sayyid Muḥammad Rāshid was preaching and reforming the society, it was a time of widespread ignorance of Islamic and moral values, corrupt rulers, state persecution, and increasing sectarianism. Shaikh Muḥammad Rāshid worked in those dark times and alighted the Nūr (spiritual light) of true guidance and right creed. He traveled to the remotest parts of Sindh, Rajasthan and Balochistan to guide those who did not have access to true guidance. He also reformed society at large and preached the true creed of Ahl-as-Sunnah to the misguided people. Large numbers of people converted to Sunni creed from Shia beliefs, including major tribes who had fallen into the wrong path due to political reasons (the then rulers of Sindh were Shia). He used to celebrate the Mawlid of the Best of Creations s.a.w. in the month of Rabīʿ al-Awwal with high devotion dedication. He would invite everyone including his disciples, and would prepare highest quality dishes for them. He would show utmost delight and pleasure, and would himself wash the hands of the guests and sprinkle rose-water on them. He did not approve of the Shia practices such as shows of mourning and self-torture, and stopped his followers from them. He used to teach the Sunnah methods of Sharia and Tasawwuf, and did not approve modifications and local innovations in the Sunnah culture. One of the conditions he imposed on his new disciples, was that they would use a smaller turban in accordance with the Sunnah, not the local tradition of a very large turban that was used as a show of one’s social status. Writings Shaikh Sayyid Muḥammad Rāshid was not a regular author and did not write many books. However, some of his writings have survived and have been published. Among them are the following: 1. His poetry, mostly in Sindhi, is available and comprises Sufi wisdom and spiritual advices. 2. His letters, written in Persian, have been published together with Sindhi translation. They number 46 and were compiled by his chief deputy Khalīfo Maḥmūd Nizāmānī. 3. His biography is mostly preserved in his Malfūzāt, literally meaning speeches, but also includes short episodes of his life. These were written by his chief deputy Khalīfo Maḥmūd under the title Jāmiʿ al-Fuyūḍāt and published in two volumes with Sindhi translation. 4. A short Malfūzāt was written by his deputy Khalīfo Muḥammad Ḥusain Mahesar, called Ṣuḥbat-nama. 5. A short treatise named Ādāb al-Murīdīn (etiquette for the disciples) written in Persian and published together with sindhi translation. 6. A short treatise named Sharḥ Asmāʾ al-Ḥusnā References and relevant sources 1. Maktūbāt Sharīf Ain Sawāneḥ Ḥayāt (PhD thesis, Sindhi), by Dr. Nazar Husain Sikandari, Shāhpur Chākar, Sindh, July 1996. 2. Sirāj ul-Āshiqīn (Sindhi), Malfūzāt of Khalīfo Maḥmūd Nizāmānī Qādrī Naqshbandī. Media The tomb of Sayyid Muhammad Rashid Qadri Naqshbandi (right), and the mosque of the tomb (left) The tomb of Sayyid Muhammad Rashid Qadri Naqshbandi (right), and the mosque of the tomb (left) Tomb of Sayyid Muhammad Rashid Qadri Naqshbandi Sindhi, at Pir-Jo-Goth, Sindh, Pakistan Tomb of Sayyid Muhammad Rashid Qadri Naqshbandi Sindhi, at Pir-Jo-Goth, Sindh, Pakistan Inside the tomb of Sayyid Muhammad Rashid Inside the tomb of Sayyid Muhammad Rashid. Graves of many of his descendants are also located inside the tomb. Library of the shrine containing many rare and old books Library of the shrine containing many rare and old books - See more at: maktabah.org/blog/?p=2474#sthash.tv49Df7o.dpuf
Posted on: Mon, 01 Dec 2014 16:07:55 +0000
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