Retinoblastoma, note the white pupil ! The tumor is usually present at birth....the white reflex may not be noticed until the child is older, ages 1-5 years old. There are major changes in treatment and not all retinoblastoma eyes must be enucleated. The largest treatment center is at Wills Eye HOSPITAL. WEI has the largest number of retinoblastoma cases in the United States. Although very rare every newborn should have a funduscopic eye exam at birth or by their pediatrician, soon after. the earlier the detection, the more options for treating your child. At times the white reflex will show in a photograph IF the red reflex suppression is turned offl. Background: Compared with the general population, carriers of germline mutations in RB1 who survive retinoblastoma (i.e., hereditary retinoblastoma survivors) are at increased risk of early-onset second cancers, particularly sarcomas, brain tumors, and melanoma. However, their risks for the epithelial cancers that commonly occur after age 50 years are not known. Methods: We used hospital records to identify British retinoblastoma survivors born between 1873 and 1950, a period when few British retinoblastoma patients received high-dose radiotherapy. Cancers and deaths were identified by linkage with national registration records. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: We could trace the cancer histories of 144 survivors of hereditary retinoblastoma. From age 25 to age 84, there were 58 subsequent cancers, for a cumulative cancer incidence of 68.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 48.0% to 87.4%) and a cumulative cancer mortality of 56.3% (95% CI = 40.5% to 73.3%). Only eight of the 58 cancers were of bone or soft tissue, in marked contrast to findings from contemporary studies of American patients treated with external beam radiotherapy, among whom most second tumors are sarcomas. Compared with the general population, hereditary... https://plus.google/114503806689722509896/posts/KSFzwtbZ6de
Posted on: Tue, 18 Nov 2014 18:38:59 +0000
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