Rules of War from Quran... As with any Islamic law, the rules of war are derived from the primary source, the Quran, and the secondary source, the Hadith, or collected oral traditions. Sunni and Shia Muslims accept different Hadith as authoritative. As you will see in the print I have bolded, many Muslims are demonstrating unethical behavior according to the teachings of the prophet they are rioting & killing for. Again, Im not sharing this for the sake of upholding Christianity as a faultless model, for it has its share of inconsistencies: Relevant Quranic verses - Fight in the cause of Allah those who fight you, but do not transgress limits; for Allah does not love transgressors. (2:190) - If any one slew a person - except in retaliation for murder and for spreading mischief in the land - it would be as if he slew the whole people. (5:32) - You may kill those who wage war against you, and you may evict them whence they evicted you. Oppression is worse than murder. Do not fight them at the Sacred Masjid, unless they attack you therein. If they attack you, you may kill them. This is the just retribution for those disbelievers.[2:191] - If they (your enemies) refrain, then GOD is Forgiver, Most Merciful.[2:192] - You may also fight them to eliminate oppression, and to worship GOD freely. If they refrain, you shall not aggress; aggression is permitted only against the aggressors.[2:193] - If they resort to peace, so shall you, and put your trust in GOD. He is the Hearer, the Omniscient.[8:61] ... if they leave you alone, refrain from fighting you, and offer you peace, then GOD gives you no excuse to fight them.[4:90] - O you who believe, if you strike in the cause of GOD, you shall be absolutely sure. Do not say to one who offers you peace, You are not a believer, seeking the spoils of this world. For GOD possesses infinite spoils. Remember that you used to be like them, and GOD blessed you. Therefore, you shall be absolutely sure (before you strike). GOD is fully Cognizant of everything you do. [4:94] - You shall not kill any person - for GOD has made life sacred - except in the course of justice. If one is killed unjustly, then we give his heir authority to enforce justice. Thus, he shall not exceed the limits in avenging the murder; he will be helped.[17:33] - There shall be no compulsion in religion: the right way is now distinct from the wrong way. Anyone who denounces the devil and believes in GOD has grasped the strongest bond; one that never breaks. GOD is Hearer, Omniscient.[2:256] - Proclaim: This is the truth from your Lord, then whoever wills let him believe, and whoever wills let him disbelieve. We have prepared for the transgressors a fire that will completely surround them. When they scream for help, they will be given a liquid like concentrated acid that scalds the faces. What a miserable drink! What a miserable destiny! [18:29] Hadith accepted by the Sunni: Muhammad is reputed to have said: You are neither hard-hearted nor of fierce character, nor one who shouts in the markets. You do not return evil for evil, but excuse and forgive. (Bukhari, Volume 6, Book 60, Number 362) Do not kill any old person, any child or any woman (Abu Dawud) Do not kill the monks in monasteries or Do not kill the people who are sitting in places of worship. (Musnad of Ibn Hanbal) Sunnis believe that one of the most general and encompassing rules of warfare in Islam was given by Abu Bakr to an Islamic army set out for Syria. Abu Bakr was Muhammads first successor and is considered by Sunnis to have been his closest friend. Abu Bakr is reputed to have said: Stop, O people, that I may give you ten rules for your guidance in the battlefield. Do not commit treachery or deviate from the right path. You must not mutilate dead bodies. Neither kill a child, nor a woman, nor an aged man. Bring no harm to the trees, nor burn them with fire, especially those which are fruitful. Slay not any of the enemys flock, save for your food. You are likely to pass by people who have devoted their lives to monastic (or humanitarian) services; leave them alone. Hadith accepted by the Shia: Muhammad is reputed to have said: Allah has cursed he who kills one who does not fight him, or strikes one who does not strike him. (related by Imam Ali al-Ridha, the 8th Shia Imam) Go in the name of Allah, and in the way of Allah and according to the creed of the Messenger of Allah. Do not handcuff or tie up (prisoners) and do not mutilate (even the dead) and do not use treacherous means and do not kill old men or children or women. Do not cut down trees unless you are forced to do so. If any Muslim man, be he lowly or lofty, should look towards one of the Polytheists, then he should give him sanctuary so that he might hear the words of Allah. If he follows you, then he is your brother in faith, and if he refuses, then grant him sanctuary and seek succour in Allah. (related by Imam Jafar al-Sādiq, the 6th Shia Imam) He who joins up with those who are not his rightful allies will have the curse of Allah upon him. He who denies the labourer his rightful wage will have the curse of Allah upon him. He who commits a crime or aids a criminal will have the curse of Allah upon him... O Ali, the worst of people in the sight of Allah is the killer of one who does not fight him, or he who beats one who does not beat him, or he who gives allegiance to other than his rightful allies. They have committed kufr (non-belief) in what Allah, Almighty is He, has sent down. (related by Imam Jafar al-Sādiq, the 6th Shia Imam) Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib is reputed to have said: Do not fight the people until they initiate fighting for then by the grace of Allah, you will have the justification, and leaving them until they initiate fighting is yet another justification. Then if you defeat them, do not kill one who is fleeing, and do not finish off the wounded or expose nakedness or mutilate the dead. (related by Abdullah ibn Jondab, the son of Imam Ali) Do not pursue those retreating, nor one who throws down his weapon, and do not kill the wounded. For these people are retreating and they have no troop to resort to. This what the Sunnah commended when fighting the trespassers. (related by Salam)
Posted on: Sat, 18 Oct 2014 09:53:23 +0000
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