What health problems can premature babies have after birth? Premature babies may need to stay in the hospital longer or have more health problems than babies born later. Some have to spend time in a hospital’s neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). This is the part of the hospital that takes care of sick newborns. The earlier in pregnancy a baby is born, the more likely he is to have health problems. But thanks to advances in medical care, even babies born very premature are more likely to survive today than ever before. Health problems that may affect premature babies include: Apnea. This is a pause in breathing for 20 seconds or more. Premature babies sometimes have apnea. It may happen together with a slow heart rate. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). This is a breathing problem most common in babies born before 34 weeks of pregnancy. Babies with RDS don’t have a protein called surfactant that keeps small air sacs in the lungs from collapsing. Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). This is bleeding in the brain. It usually happens near the ventricles in the center of the brain. A ventricles is a space in the brain that’s filled with fluid. Patent ductus arteriosis (PDA). This is a heart problem that happens in the connection (called the ductus ateriosus) between two major blood vessels near the heart. If the ductus doesn’t close properly after birth, a baby can have breathing problems or heart failure. Heart failure is when the heart can’t pump enough blood. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). This is a problem with a baby’s intestines. It can cause feeding problems, a swollen belly and diarrhea. It sometimes happens 2 to 3 weeks after a premature birth. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). This is an abnormal growth of blood vessels in the eye. ROP can lead to vision loss. Jaundice. This is when a babys eyes and skin look yellow. A baby has jaundice when his liver isnt fully developed or isnt working well. Anemia. This is when a baby doesn’t have enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen to the rest of the body. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). This is a lung condition that can develop in premature babies as well as babies who have treatment with a breathing machine. Babies with BPD sometimes develop fluid in the lungs, scarring and lung damage. Infections. Premature babies often have trouble fighting off germs because their immune systems are not fully formed. Infections that may affect a premature baby include pneumonia, a lung infection; sepsis, a blood infection; and meningitis, an infection in the fluid around the brain and spinal cord. What long-term health problems can premature babies have? Premature babies sometimes face health problems throughout their life, including: Autism, a group of disorders that affect a child’s speech, social skills and behavior Intellectual disabilities Cerebral palsy, a group of conditions that affect movement, balance and posture Lung problems Vision and hearing loss
Posted on: Tue, 29 Oct 2013 14:26:29 +0000
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