What return of the wolf are we talking about in Auvergne? Three generations Auvergne had not lived with a large wild predator ... And now that the attack sheep in October, in Haute-Loire, can be attributed to the wolf. What is its reconquest of the Massif Central? Historical data are difficult to trace, but it is the disappearance of a self-sustaining population of wolves in the French territory in 1930 How much is it in the process of reconstruction? The early returns documented in Auvergne back to 1997 (Laveissière, Cantal) and 1999 (Apchat, Puy-de-Dôme). It was animal remains (collide with a vehicle and learned). And more signs until 2006! Christophe Duchamp and Eric Marboutin, head of research and project manager Large carnivores wolf-lynx on management and research studies of the National Hunting and Wildlife Office (ONCFS) make the point. 1. Can you imagine resettlement in Auvergne? And from there a reproduction? Everything in the biology of the species says to imagine, but there is no telling when ... This may be next year like in twenty years, replies Eric Marboutin. Great explorer It is precisely, why the state and its territorial directorates appoint ONCFS. Objective: to inform, educate, collect clues presence very early in the colonization front, and give the authorities and communities the means to take the measures deemed necessary to both protect the species (protected by the Berne Convention ) and that of human activities. 2. The colonization front. After firing the last wolf known to France in 1937 in Vienna, the species was first conquered the Alps. Today, he regularly crossed the Rhone Valley (natural barrier). His forays are random, but the fact is, Some sporadic identifications reflect the colonizing activity of a few individuals from the Alps says Christophe Duchamp. And its presence must be reported two consecutive winters in an area for a permanent presence area (SFA) is retained / maintained. 3. How will it progress? Wolves live in exclusive territories. Families (two to eight individuals) defend a territory of 150 to 350 km: the most often passively (marking) and dynamic boundaries. Animals leave the pack between 18 months and 3 years to conquer their own territory: between areas already occupied or beyond. They can live and benefit from diverse backgrounds, borrow various bridges and corridors in peri-urban areas. Dispersion, we documented the journey of individuals who traveled 800 km (Italy / France), and even 1000 km (Berlin / Lithuania) in occasional territorial movement. On its territory, the wolf runs up to 25 km daily. It is usually very discreet, with a mimetic coat and footprints almost indistinguishable from those of dogs. Conclusion: the wolf saw Ceyssat (Puy-de-Dôme) December 10, 2013 may as well hold territory in the area being the author of the carnage Pradelles, or making a trip from the Alps ! 4. Will he a pack in the Massif Central? I Do Not. The idea is excluded by ONCFS. Even Lozère. There are wolves. And they can make inroads in the Cantal and Haute-Loire. And there are also animals that can come from much further was found in 2006 in Saint-Laurent-de-Muret (Lozère) the genetic signature of a wolf reported in the Queyras says Eric Marboutin. But we have no reproductive index in the Massif Central ... The only place where this potential then exists is Aubrac, which is suspected of a male and a female says Christophe Duchamp. In late August, a survey by the screams method caused to the Cockroach confirmed the presence of two individuals and the lack of cubs. The territories are organized. The wolf is on the list of protected species but victims farmers denounce inadequate and outdated status. On 13 September 2014, the law changed the Environmental Code in their direction by facilitating sampling shootings order of the prefect no other satisfactory solution has been reached (various protections, deterrence or defense shots ...). On November 30, in France, 400 defense shots and 39 shots sampling have been authorized and 14 wolves removed. In front of the colonization front, the prefect may mandate ONCFS to activate the wolf Network and referents for observation, validation and exploitation of attendance indices. The national wolf plan also enables a wolf departmental committee with partners on observation, prevention and compensation. Such a committee was formed on December 4 in Haute-Loire. A monitoring committee in Haute-Loire. In the wake of the attack proved the wolf on a flock of sheep in Pradelles, the prefect Denis Labbé has set up a monitoring committee. We are on a balanced policy to preserve and grow the wolf breeding, says Clement Rouchouse, secretary general of the prefecture. One information and consultation, the committee consists of several state agencies and public organizations, elected officials and local authorities, representatives of the agricultural profession (chamber of agriculture, trade unions) and forestry, and associations such as hunting federation or network Ecology Nature Haute-Loire. Among its tasks, it shall inform all stakeholders on development trends in the distribution and population areas, damage to livestock, the means of protection implemented ... It also presents the arrangements for reconciling the preservation of this species protected and human activities. Beyond passive protection measures herds that may be the use of dogs patou or installing electric fencing, shooting in all its forms (scaring defense or sampling) may also occur depending on the situation. After Pradelles attack, for example, we conducted a scare campaign shots, said Clement Rouchouse. Louveterie four lieutenants were commissioned by the prefect on sheep breeding area of the municipalities of Pradelles, Saint-Étienne-du-Vigan, Rauret and Saint-Paul-de-Tartas, between October 24 and November 11. In parallel to the monitoring committee, a wolf network was formed in Haute-Loire. On a voluntary basis, it gathers field observers who, after training, are able to identify the signs of the presence of wolves (fingerprints) and possibly take samples. Spotted in the Cantal in 1997. In the absence of any indication of prior presence, one day in 1997, a large canid is hit by a car in Laveissière. Coat and typical morphology Median pads attached under the legs ... The region has officially back in the Cantal its first wolf. The reappearance is as mysterious as fleeting as the species shows no sign of presence in the department then. But in 2008, the Cantal department ... becomes the most informative Auvergne for the species! While two individuals from the Alps dispersions are monitored Aubrac, analysis of feces collected in the Cantal mountains allows us to draw the DNA profile of a male ... found in the south of the Lozere the following year! Since then, despite several observations and even some predations assigned by default to the wolf, its presence has so far not led to breaks dialogue between farmers and the administration. Maybe because its longer than we live with the wolf, also explained the director of the departmental service ONCFS Edward Touraille when a young hunter back shots in October 2013. Between 2008 and 2011, identification of a permanent presence area (SPA) of the species was mainly the opportunity to train referents for clues to trace ONCFS and implement a winter tracking says Régis Aubert, deputy departmental service. In 2011, the SFA was decommissioned, but could be reactivated if this winter - and for the second consecutive - a presence index was validated. Meanwhile, although there is no evidence that an animal be held territory, an individual can attend. Some clues in this direction. Two sheep attacks in 2014 in Cantal, can not exclude the possibility of the wolf (in Espinasse and Joursac, compensable). Photographs were again taken in spring Lavigerie. Finally someone came out next to a hunter in October to Lavasterie during deer counts in a fixed position by a federation. For comments. Contact the regional coordinator of the wolf lynx network (based Elbows) at 04.73.96.96.73; or departmental services ONCFS. Anne Bourges Jean-Luc Chabaud lamontagne.fr/auvergne/actualite/2015/01/04/de-quel-retour-du-loup-parle-t-on-en-auvergne_11279395.html
Posted on: Mon, 05 Jan 2015 15:32:30 +0000
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