بحث الفرقه 3 دكتورة زينب X,Y theories:- Are theories about human motives, have been created and developed by Douglas McGregor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Sloan School of Management in the sixties of the last century, and is used in human resource management and organizational behavior, organizational communication and human resource development. It describes a very different motives for Moaagafin workforce. McGregor felt that companies follow one theory or the other. He also expressed his belief that the primary factor in linking the work of self-realization lies in raising the confidence of administrators Bmraosém. Are theories about human motives, have been created and developed by Douglas McGregor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Sloan School of Management in the sixties of the last century, and is used in human resource management and organizational behavior, organizational communication and human resource development. It describes a very different motives for Moaagafin workforce. McGregor felt that companies follow one theory or the other. He also expressed his belief that the primary factor in linking the work of self-realization lies in raising the confidence of administrators Bmraosém. A) Y theories:- In this theory, management assumes that ambitious employees and their motives and practices bearing have restraint. Believed that employees enjoy their duties, whether mental or physical work, and they have the ability to solve creative problems, but often do not use their talents in most organizations. And giving them the appropriate circumstances, the moderators of the theory Y believe that employees will learn to seek and accept responsibility and to exercise restraint in order to accomplish the goals they have made. B) X theories:- In this theory, which proved the reverse impact in modern practice, management assumes that employees are inherently lazy and Egnbon work if they can do so. As a result of this, management believes that workers should be subject to comprehensive supervision systems closely using advanced controls. There is a need for a hierarchical structure of the court. According to this theory, the staff will show a bit of a rush to work with just about memorize inflammatory stimulus programs. Lassical approach:-(2 Classical approach of management professes the body of management thought based on the belief that employees have only economical and physical needs and that the social needs & need for job satisfaction either does not exist or are unimportant. Accordingly it advocates high specialization of labour, centralized decision making & profit maximization. 3) Behavioral approach:- Human resource management: The analysis of employees actions to identify behavior patterns that (for a specific job or function) separate an effective employee from a less effective or nonperforming employee. 4) Quantitative approach:- The quantitative approach to management incorporates many analytical and numeric techniques into management methods. The goal is to have specific formulas that information can be plugged into to provide the best answer to common management questions. نظريات الإدارة:- Management theories:- Classical approach of management professes the body of management thought based on the belief that employees have only economical and physical needs and that the social needs & need for job satisfaction either does not exist or are unimportant. Accordingly it advocates high specialization of labour, centralized decision making & profit maximization تعريف المنظمه :- Definition of organization:- The main objective of the organization is to promote innovation in organization studies the dialogue. Magazine dealing with a wide range of issues, and a wide range of views, and the basis for disciplinary neo Organization Studies. In doing so, it encourages the spirit of which is explicitly: theory-driven, and international in scope vision, open, reflective, creative and dynamic, multidisciplinary, and facilitate exchange between scientists from a wide range of rules and views the current disciplinary matter. A. تعريف المدير الادارة:- Definition manager:- An individual who is in charge of a certain group of tasks, or a certain subset of a company. A manager often has a staff of people who report to him or her. As an example, a restaurant will often have a front-of-house manager who helps the patrons, and supervises the hosts; or a specific office project can have a manager, known simply as the project manager. Certain departments within a company designate their managers to be line managers, while others are known as staff managers, depending upon the function of the department. B. تعريف الإدارات :- :- Definition departments 1) Definition:- The organization and coordination of the activities of a business in order to achieve defined objectives. Management is often included as a factor of production along with ?? machines, materials, and money. According to the management guru Peter Drucker (1909-2005), the basic task of management includes both marketing and innovation. Practice of modern management originates from the 16th century study of low-efficiency and failures of certain enterprises, conducted by the English statesman Sir Thomas More (1478-1535). Management consists of the interlocking functions of creating corporate policy and organizing, planning, controlling, and directing an organizations resources in order to achieve the objectives of that policy. 2) Definition:- The directors and managers who have the power and responsibility to make decisions and oversee an enterprise. The size of management can range from one person in a small organization to hundreds or thousands of managers in multinational companies. In large organizations, the board of directors defines the policy which is then carried out by the chief executive officer, or CEO. Some people agree that in order to evaluate a companys current and future worth, the most important factors are the quality and experience of the managers. C. تعريف التخطيط :- Planning definition:- A) Definition:- basic management function involving formulation of one or more detailed plans to achieve optimum balance of needs or demands with the available resources. The planning process (1) identifies the goals or objectives to be achieved, (2) formulates strategies to achieve them, (3) arranges or creates the means required, (4) implements, directs, and monitors all steps in their proper sequence. B) Definition:- The control of development by a local authority, through regulation and licensing for land use changes and building. D. تعريف التنظيم :- Definition of organization:- A social unit of people that is structured and managed to meet a need or to pursue collective goals. All organizations have a management structure that determines relationships between the different activities and the members, and subdivides and assigns roles, responsibilities, and authority to carry out different tasks. Organizations are open systems - they affect and are affected by their environment. E. تعريف القيادة:- Definition of leading:- The amount of vertical space between lines of text Leading comes from the metal-type era when typesetters inserted thin strips of lead (each one point thick) to increase the spacing etween lines, for legibility or stylistic effects. Lines of normal text without leading are said to be set solid, and usually give a dense and dark appearance to the text block. Negative leading refers to less than normal spacing and is used to achieve dramatic visual impact in headlines, advertisements, posters, etc. In the desktop printing age, leading manipulation is achieved through pagemaking software such as Adobe PageMaker, Adobe InDesign, or QuarkXpres.
Posted on: Thu, 06 Nov 2014 15:52:54 +0000
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