Map Symbols 1966 US Army Training Film; Basic Map Reading ~ https://youtube/watch?v=HWxwZAGtZpk&list=UUM-kjdrQge9AACfB3MSRyrg BLACK SYMBOLS OF CULTURAL DETAIL, BOUNDARY LINES, BLUE SYMBOLS FOR WATER, GREEN SYMBOLS FOR VEGETATION, AND BROWN SYMBOLS FOR CONTOUR LINES... US Army Training Film TF5-3718 Reupload of a previously uploaded film, in one piece instead of multiple parts. Public domain film from the National Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and mild video noise reduction applied. The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original). creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Map_symbolization Map Symbolization is the characters, letters, or similar graphic representations used on a map to indicate an object or characteristic in the real world. Cognitive Issues There are many cognitive issues involved in the cartographic process and symbolization (Olson, 2006). Some people may perceive certain objects differently than others, so cartographers try not to use symbols that could be easily confused. For example, red and blue are universally known to depict hot and cold. In cartography, the principles of cognition are important since they explain why certain map symbols work (Olson, 2006). In the past, mapmakers did not care why they worked. This behaviorist view treats the human brain like a black box. Modern cartographers are curious why certain symbols are the most effective. This should help develop a theoretical basis for how brains recognize symbols and, in turn, provide a platform for creating new symbols. Topographic Maps Topographic maps show the shape of Earths surface by using contour lines, the lines on the map that join points of equal elevation. They are among the most well-known symbols on modern maps as they are self-explanatory and accurately represent their phenomena. They make it possible to the depict height, depth, and even slope. Contour lines will be closer together or spaced apart to show the steepness of the area. If the line is spaced closer together, it means that there is a steeper slope. If they are farther apart, the area has a low slope. An area of low slope generally uses contour intervals of 10 feet or less. Areas that contain mountain or other high slope can use an interval of 100 feet (Topographic Map Symbols, 2005). Apart from showing just contour lines, topographic maps also use a lot of map symbols to represent its features. Features are represented by using point, line, and area symbols. Individual features, such as houses, are shown as point symbols like a small dot or square. However, a cluster of houses or neighborhood can be shown as a shaded area or polygon. Areas of importance or landmarks may receive special symbols that represent what they are. For instance, a church may be symbolized as a picture of a little church or cross or the town hall may have a special color or symbol. Shape and Color of Topographic Symbols Many of the features will be shown by straight, curved, dashed, or solid lines. They may also be colored to represent different classes of information. The typical color standard for topographic maps depicts contours in brown, bodies of water in blue, boundaries in black, and grids and roads in red. Topographic maps may use different colors to represent area features. Most topographic maps will use green for vegetation or national parks and wildlife management areas. They will also use blue for rivers, lakes, or other bodies of water. Red may also be used to represent areas of significant importance (Topographic Map Symbols, 2005). A map is a smaller representation of an area on the earths surface; therefore, map symbols are used to represent real objects. Without symbols, maps would not be possible (Map Symbols). Both shapes and colors can be used for symbols on maps. A small circle may mean a point of interest, with a brown circle meaning recreation, red circle meaning services, and green circle meaning rest stop. Colors may cover larger areas of a map, such as green representing forested land and blue representing waterways. To ensure that a person can correctly read a map, a Map Legend is a key to all the symbols used on a map. It is like a dictionary so you can understand the meaning of what the map represents (Map Symbols)...
Posted on: Fri, 31 Oct 2014 13:59:16 +0000
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