Mười nhà thơ hàng đầu của nước Mỹ thế kỹ 20 1. the Wasteland – T S EliotEliot was born an American, moved to the United Kingdom in 1914 (at the age of 25), and became a British subject in 1927 at the age of 39. I. The Burial of the Dead April is the cruelest month, breeding Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing Memory and desire, stirring Dull roots with spring rain. Winter kept us warm, covering Earth in forgetful snow, feeding A little life with dried tubers. Summer surprised us, coming over the Starnbergersee With a shower of rain; we stopped in the colonnade, And went on in sunlight, into the Hofgarten, And drank coffee, and talked for an hour. Bin gar keine Russin, stamm aus Litauen, echt deutsch. 12 And when we were children, staying at the arch-dukes, My cousins, he took me out on a sled, And I was frightened. He said, Marie, Marie, hold on tight. And down we went. In the mountains, there you feel free. I read, much of the night, and go south in the winter. 18 What are the roots that clutch, what branches grow Out of this stony rubbish?Son of man, 20 You cannot say, or guess, for you know only A heap of broken images, where the sun beats, And the dead tree gives no shelter, the cricket no relief, 23 And the dry stone no sound of water. Only There is shadow under this red rock, (Come in under the shadow of this red rock), And I will show you something different from either Your shadow at morning striding behind you Or your shadow at evening rising to meet you; I will show you fear in a handful of dust. 30 Frisch weht der Wind 31 Der Heimat zu Mein Irisch Kind Wo weilest du? You gave me hyacinths first a year ago; They called me the hyacinth girl. -Yet when we came back, late, from the hyacinth garden, Your arms full, and your hair wet, I could not Speak, and my eyes failed, I was neither Living nor dead, and I knew nothing, Looking into the heart of light, the silence. Oed und leer das Meer. 42 Madame Sosostris, famous clairvoyante,43 Had a bad cold, nevertheless Is known to be the wisest woman in Europe, With a wicked pack of cards. Here, said she, 46 Is your card, the drowned Phoenician Sailor, (Those are pearls that were his eyes. Look!) Here is Belladonna, The Lady of the Rocks, The lady of situations. Here is the man with three staves, and here the Wheel, And here is the one-eyed merchant, and this card, Which is blank, is something he carries on his back, Which I am forbidden to see. I do not find The Hanged Man. Fear death by water. 55 I see crowds of people, walking round in a ring. Thank you. If you see dear Mrs. Equitone, Tell her I bring the horoscope myself: One must be so careful these days. Unreal City, 60 Under the brown fog of a winter dawn, A crowd flowed over London Bridge, so many, I had not thought death had undone so many. 63 Sighs, short and infrequent, were exhaled, 64 And each man fixed his eyes before his feet. Flowed up the hill and down King William Street, To where Saint Mary Woolnoth kept the hours With a dead sound on the final stroke of nine. 68 There I saw one I knew, and stopped him, crying: Stetson! 69 You who were with me in the ships at Mylae! That corpse you planted last year in your garden, Has it begun to sprout? Will it bloom this year? Or has the sudden frost disturbed its bed? O keep the Dog far hence, thats friend to men, 74 Or with his nails hell dig it up again! You! Hypocrite lecteur! - mon semblable, - mon frère! 76 ................ I. THE BURIAL OF THE DEAD Line 12.I am not Russian at all; I come from Lithuania, I am a real German 18.Eliot derived most of the ideas in this passage from My Past by the Countess Marie Larisch. 20. Cf. Ezekiel 2:7. 23. Cf. Ecclesiastes 12:5. 30. Cf. Donnes Devotions. Evelyn Waugh took this phrase for the title of his novel, A Handful of Dust . 31. The wind blows fresh To the Homeland My Irish Girl Where are you lingering? V. Tristan und Isolde, i, verses 5-8. 42. Desolate and empty the sea Id. iii, verse 24. 43. A mock Egyptian name (suggested to Eliot by Sesostris, the Sorceress of Ecbatana, the name assumed by a character in Aldous Huxleys novel Crome Yellow who dresses up as a gypsy to tell fortunes at a fair). 46. I am not familiar with the exact constitution of the Tarot pack of cards, from which I have obviously departed to suit my own convenience. The Hanged Man, a member of the traditional pack, fits my purpose in two ways: because he is associated in my mind with the Hanged God of Frazer, and because I associate him with the hooded figure in the passage of the disciples to Emmaus in Part V. The Phoenician Sailor and the Merchant appear later; also the crowds of people, and Death by Water is executed in Part IV. The Man with Three Staves (an authentic member of the Tarot pack) I associate, quite arbitrarily, with the Fisher King himself. 55. On his card in the Tarot pack, the Hanged Man is shown hanging from one foot from a T-shaped cross. He symbolizes the self-sacrifice of the fertility god who is killed in order that his resurrection may bring fertility once again to land and people. 60. Cf. Baudelaire: Fourmillante cité, cité pleine de rêves, Où le spectre en plein jour raccroche le passant. 63. Cf. Dantes Inferno, iii. 55-7: si lunga tratta di gente, chio non avrei mai creduto che morte tanta navesse disfatta. So long a train of people, that I should never have believed death had undone so many. 64. Cf. 63. Cf. Dantes Inferno, iv. 25-27: Quivi, secondo che per ascoltare, non avea pianto, ma che di sospiri, che laura eterna facevan tremare. Here there was no plaint, that could be heard, except of sighs, which caused the eternal air to tremble. 68. A phenomenon which I have often noticed. 69. Some have taken Stetson to be a reference to Pound, who wore a sombrero-stetson. Eliot, however, denied that it had any connection to an actual person. 74. Cf. the Dirge in Websters White Devil. 76. Hypocrite reader! - my doppelganger - my brother! V. Baudelaire, Preface to Fleurs du Mal.
Posted on: Sat, 26 Oct 2013 20:56:57 +0000
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