5G For other uses, see 5G (disambiguation). 5G (5th generation mobile networks or 5th generation wireless systems) denotes the next major phase of mobile telecommunications standards beyond the current 4G/ IMT-Advanced standards. 5G is also referred to as beyond 2020 mobile communications technologies. 5G does not describe any particular specification in any official document published by any telecommunication standardization body. Although updated standards that define capabilities beyond those defined in the current 4G standards are under consideration, those new capabilities are still being grouped under the current ITU-T 4G standards. Background of 5G A new mobile generation has appeared approximately every 10th year since the first 1G system, Nordic Mobile Telephone, was introduced in 1981. The first 2G system started to roll out in 1991, the first 3G system first appeared in 2001 and 4G systems fully compliant with IMT Advanced were standardized in 2012. The development of the 2G (GSM) and 3G (IMT-2000 and UMTS) standards took about 10 years from the official start of the R&D projects, and development of 4G systems started in 2001 or 2002.[1][2] Predecessor technologies have occurred on the market a few years before the new mobile generation, for example the pre-3G system CdmaOne/IS95 in the US in 1995, and the pre-4G systems Mobile WiMAX in South-Korea 2006, and first release- LTE in Scandinavia 2009. In April 2008, NASA partnered with Geoff Brown and Machine-to-Machine Intelligence (M2Mi) Corp to develop 5G communications technology[3] Mobile generations typically refer to non–backwards-compatible cellular standards following requirements stated by ITU-R, such as IMT-2000 for 3G and IMT-Advanced for 4G. In parallel with the development of the ITU-R mobile generations, IEEE and other standardisation bodies also develop wireless communication technologies, often for higher data rates and higher frequencies but shorter transmission ranges. The first gigabit IEEE standard was IEEE 802.11ac, commercially available since 2013, soon to be followed by the multi-gigabit standard WiGig or IEEE 802.11ad. Debate Based on the above observations, some sources suggest that a new generation of 5G standards may be introduced approximately in the early 2020s.[4][5] However, still no international 5G development projects have officially been launched, and there is still a large extent of debate on what 5G is exactly about. Prior to 2012, some industry representatives have expressed skepticism towards 5G[6] but later took a positive stand.[citation needed] New mobile generations are typically assigned new frequency bands and wider spectral bandwidth per frequency channel (1G up to 30 kHz, 2G up to 200 kHz, 3G up to 20 MHz, and 4G up to 100 MHz), but skeptics argue that there is little room for larger channel bandwidths and new frequency bands suitable for land- mobile radio.[6] From users point of view, previous mobile generations have implied substantial increase in peak bitrate (i.e. physical layer net bitrates for short-distance communication), up to 1 Gbit/s to be offered by 4G. If 5G appears, and reflects these prognoses, the major difference from a user point of view between 4G and 5G techniques must be something else than increased peak bit rate; for example higher number of simultaneously connected devices, higher system spectral efficiency (data volume per area unit), lower battery consumption, lower outage probability (better coverage), high bit rates in larger portions of the coverage area, lower latencies, higher number of supported devices, lower infrastructure deployment costs, higher versatility and scalability or higher reliability of communications. Those are the objectives in several of the research papers and projects below. GSMHistory [7] has recorded three very distinct 5G network visions having emerged by 2014: A super-efficient mobile network that delivers a better performing network for lower investment cost. It addresses the mobile network operators pressing need to see the unit cost of data transport falling at roughly the same rate as the volume of data demand is rising. It would be a leap forward in efficiency based on the IET Demand Attentive Network (DAN)philosophy [8] A super-fast mobile network comprising the next generation of small ce4G Australia In telecommunications, 4G is the fourth generation of cell phone mobile communications standards. It is a successor of the third generation (3G) standards. A 4G system provides mobile ultra-broadband Internet access.[1] Australian network are currently rolling out Nation wide 4G networks. Networks Net wo rk Fre qu en cy (M Hz) Ba nd Cla ss Notes Ava ilabl e Spe ctru m Opt us 70 0 28 4G FD- LT E 10 MHz available 31 December 2014[2] Currently (as of July 14) operating in Darwin and Perth CBDs. 10 MHz Opt us 18 00 3 4G FD- LT E Currently operating in Brisbane, Sydney, Newcastle, Perth, Melbourne and Adelaide. up to 15 MHz Opt us 21 00 1 4G FD- LT E Currently operating in Tasmania up to 20 MHz Opt us 23 00 40 4G TD -LT E First Deploymen t in Canberra with possible extensions to other capital cities. up to 98 MHz Opt us 26 00 7 4G FD- LT E Available from 1 October 2014. 20 MHz Tel str a 70 0 28 4G FD- LT E Trialing with early access granted. License starts 31 December 2014. 20 MHz Tel str a 90 0 8 4G FD- LT E Announced 20 February 2014 to broaden scope of 4G network 5 MHz Tel str a 18 00 3 4G FD- LT E Currently operating in Australian capital cities and regional centres 10 to 20 MHz Tel str a 26 00 7 4G FD- LT E Available 1 October 2014 40 MHz TP G Tel eco m 26 00 7 4G FD- LT E Possible deploymen t from 1 October 2014. 10 MHz Vo daf on e 85 0 5 4G FD- LT E Rolling out to reach 95% of metro population by the end of 2014. 5 MHz for now, alongside WCDMA850 . up to 10 MHz Vo daf on e 18 00 3 4G FD- LT E Currently operating in Sydney, Melbourne, Perth, Adelaide, Brisbane and outer metro areas. up to 30 MHz after analogue T.V is switched off and digital T.V is re-6G 6G or 6-G can refer to: IATA code for Air Wales Rhodamine 6G, a chemical compound and dye 6G-fructosyltransferase, an enzyme T-6G Texan, a model of North American T-6 Texan iPod (6G), a model of iPod Classic iPod nano 6g, a model of iPod Nano 6G Mobile, a Dutch telco Mitsubishi 6G engine; see Mitsubishi 6G7 engine 6G Era; see History of video game consoles (sixth generation) See also G6 (disambiguation) Mobile Desktop Content is available under CC BY- SA 3.0 unless otherwise noted. Ter
Posted on: Tue, 14 Oct 2014 16:23:13 +0000
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