African-American newspapers African-American newspapers are those newspapers in the United States that seek readers primarily of African-American descent. These newspapers came into existence in 1827 when Samuel Cornish and John Brown Russwurm started the first African-American periodical called Freedoms Journal. During the antebellum South, other African-American newspapers sprang forth, such as The North Star founded by Frederick Douglass. As African Americans moved to urban centers around the country, virtually every large city with a significant African-American population soon had newspapers directed towards African Americans. Today, these newspapers have gained audiences outside African-American circles. History Origins Most of these publications like Freedoms Journals (1758–1799) were published in the north and then distributed, often covertly, to African Americans throughout the country. Blacks ability to establish many environments and black neighborhoods in the North led to the first wave of publications. By the 20th century, daily papers appeared in Norfolk, Chicago, Baltimore and Washington D.C. 19th century In the late 19th century the main reason that the papers were created was for uplifiting the black community. Many blacks sought to assimilate into larger society, and Northern blacks felt it their duty to educate southern blacks on the mores of Victorian society. Many African-American newspapers struggled to keep their circulation going due to the low rate of literate African Americans. Many Freed Africans had low incomes and could not afford to purchase subscriptions, but shared the publications with one another. Modern day There were many black publications, such as those of Marcus Garvey and John H. Johnson. These men broke a wall that let black people in the society, not only as criminals, but as successful human beings. The Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder is Minnesotas oldest Black newspaper and the United States oldest ongoing minority publication second only to The Jewish World. The future of African-American newspapers Many Black newspapers that began publishing in the 1960s, 70s, and 80s went out of business because they could not attract enough advertising and economic decline. They were also a victim of their own substantial efforts to eradicate racism and promote civil rights. As of 2002, 200 Black newspapers remained. As of 2010, there has been a resurgence of online African-American news organizations, most notably Black News, The Grio, and Black Voices. With the decline of print media and proliferation of internet access, more and more black news websites are popping up every day. List of African-American newspapers in the United States The American Baptist - Louisville, Kentucky (owned by the General Association of Baptists in Kentucky) The Arizona Informant - Phoenix, Arizona African-American News and Issues – Houston, Texas Atlanta Daily World - nations first black-owned daily in the 20th century Aliened American The Anti-Slavery Bugle - New Lisbon, Ohio The Baltimore Times - Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore Afro-American - Baltimore, Maryland Bay State Banner (web site) - Boston, Massachusetts Big Red News (defunct) - Brooklyn, New York Black Chronicle - Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Black News (web site) – Columbia, South Carolina (Black Media News Group) Boston Guardian (defunct) - Boston, Massachusetts Buffalo Challenger (defunct) - Buffalo, New York The Buffalo Criterion (web site) - Buffalo, New York California Eagle (defunct) - Los Angeles, California Call and Post - Cleveland, Ohio Carolina Peacemaker (web site) - Greensboro, North Carolina The Carolina Times - Durham, North Carolina The Carolinian (web site) - Raleigh, North Carolina Charlotte Post (web site) - Charlotte, North Carolina Chattanooga Courier Chicago Crusader (web site) - Chicago, Illinois Chicago Defender – Chicago The Christian Recorder The City SunPress The Cleveland Gazette The Colored American The Columbus Times Newspaper The Courant The Denver Weekly News Dallas Express Daily News King (web site) - Atlanta, Georgia Douglas Monthly The Final Call The Florida Star Freedoms Journal Frost Illustrated (web site) - Fort Wayne, Indiana Gary Crusader (web site) - Gary, Indiana Harambee News INK Newspaper (defunct) Indianapolis Freeman (defunct) Indianapolis Recorder Jackson Advocate Kansas City Call – Kansas City, Missouri Kansas State Ledger Knoxville Enlightener Las Vegas Sentinel-Voice Los Angeles Sentinel Louisville Defender – Louisville, Kentucky Memphis Tri-State Defender – Memphis, Tennessee Michigan Chronicle Milwaukee Community Journal – Milwaukee, Wisconsin Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder Morningside Park Chronicle (web site) - Inglewood, California Murfreesboro Vision Muncie Times, free full-text access, 1991-2010 Muslim Journal The Nashville Pride The National Era - The District of Columbia New Journal and Guide New York Amsterdam News New York Beacon New York Carib News (web site) - New York, New York The New York Voice (Weekly) News Nugget - Topeka, Kansas The New Orleans Tribune - La Tribune de la Nouvelle-Orleans North Star (newspaper) Nos Jornal (newspaper) The Oakland Post (California) Omaha Star Our Weekly Pennsylvania Freeman Philadelphia Tribune – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Philadelphia Observer – Philadelphia Pine and Palm - Boston, Massachusetts Pittsburgh Courier – Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Point of View - Springfield, Massachusetts Richmond Free Press The Richmond Voice Newspaper Roanoke Tribune (web site) - Roanoke, Virginia The Sacramento Observer – Sacramento, California San Francisco Bay View Savannah Tribune – Savannah, Georgia Seattle Medium – Seattle, Washington St. Louis Argus - St. Louis, Missouri St. Louis Sentinel – St. Louis, Missouri The Florida Sentinel Bulletin (web site) - Tampa, Florida The Miami Times (web site) - Miami, Florida The Pensacola Voice (web site) - Pensacola, Florida The Westside Gazette (web site) - Fort Lauderdale, Florida The Facts – Seattle The Liberator The Louisiana Weekly The Skanner (web site) - Portland, Oregon and Seattle Washington The Tennessee Tribune The Washington Informer The Washington Afro American The Washington Sun Weekly Advocate - New York, New York The Washington Bee - Washington D.C. Urban Trendsetters News Magazine - Columbus, Ohio Womans Era (the first newspaper published by and for African-American women) List of African-American online news organizations in the United States[edit] Black News - Black News Website Black Voices - Black Voices Website Daily King News - news Website The Grio - The Grio Website Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder - Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder Website The MP Chronicle - The Morningside Park Chronicle Website National Newspaper Publishers Association - NNPA webiste The Network Journal - The Network Journal Website The Root - The Root Website The Skanner - The Skanner Website SC Black News Group - South Carolina Black News Website The St. Louis Metro Evening Whirl - The Whirl Online
Posted on: Sat, 14 Jun 2014 15:37:56 +0000
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