Deut 10:20 Thou shalt fear the Most High thy Power; him shalt thou serve, and to him shalt thou cleave, and swear by his name FEAR- yaw-ray morally to revere ; causatively to frighten: - affright, be (make) afraid, dread (-ful, -fully, -ing). reverence (-end), X see, terrible Old English fær calamity, sudden danger, peril, from Proto-Germanic *feraz danger (cf. Old Saxon far ambush, Old Norse far harm, distress, deception, Dutch gevaar, German Gefahr danger), from PIE root *per- to try, risk, come over, go through (perhaps connected with Greek peira trial, attempt, experience, Latin periculum trial, risk, danger). SERVE (v.) aw-bad enslave, - X be, keep in bondage, be bondmen, bond-service, compel, do, dress, ear, execute, + husbandman, keep, labour, bring to pass, (be, become) servant, do (use) service, till, (set a) work, be wrought, worshipper. late 12c., to render habitual obedience to, also minister, give aid, give help, from Old French servir to do duty toward, show devotion to; set table, serve at table; offer, provide with, from Latin servire be a servant, be in service, be enslaved; figuratively be devoted; be governed by; comply with; conform; flatter, originally be a slave CLEAVE- cleave (v.2) daw-bak figuratively to catch by pursuit: - abide, fast, cleave (fast together), follow close (hard, after), be joined (together), keep (fast), overtake, pursue hard, stick, take. to adhere, Middle English cleven, clevien, cliven, from Old English clifian, cleofian, from West Germanic *klibajanan (cf. Old Saxon klibon, Old High German kliban, Dutch kleven, Old High German kleben, German kleben to stick, cling, adhere), from PIE *gloi- to stick (see clay). The confusion was less in Old English when cleave (v.1) was a class 2 strong verb; but it has grown since cleave (v.1) weakened, which may be why both are largely superseded by stick (v.) and split (v.). SWEAR- swear (v.) shâba‛ To seven oneself, that is, swear (as if by repeating a declaration seven times): Old English swerian take an oath (class VI strong verb; past tense swor, past participle sworen), from Proto-Germanic *swarjan-, (cf. Old Saxon swerian, Old Norse sverja, Danish sverge, Old Frisian swera, Middle Dutch swaren, Old High German swerien, German schwören, Gothic swaren to swear), from PIE root *swer- (1) to speak, talk, say (cf. Old Church Slavonic svara quarrel). Also related to the second element in answer. The secondary sense of use bad language (early 15c.) developed from the notion of invoke sacred names. Swear-word is American English colloquial from 1883. Swear off desist as with a vow is from 1898.
Posted on: Fri, 25 Oct 2013 14:44:25 +0000
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